2021年贵州职称英语考试真题卷（8）.docx

2021年贵州职称英语考试真题卷（8）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The (first) talks between China and the United States were the base of the later agreement.AprimaryBoriginalCinitialDprimitive 2.Even before an infant is born, tiny teeth are developing (within) his gums.AbehindBinsideCin front ofDnext to 3.The workers finally (called off) the strike.Aput offBendedCcancelledDparticipated in 4.The planned general strike represents a (vital) economic challenge to the government.AquickBimportantCspecificDtribal 5.He could never be (content) until he could afford to buy that beautiful car.AfullBrichCwiseDhappy 6.The U.S was in 1850 a (divided) nation half slave and half free.AalliedBcombinedCunitedDseparate 7.Many problems that (bothered) people then continue to exist today.AdisturbedBdestroyedCendangeredDinterested 8.Some insects rely on the tiny hairs scattered over their bodies to (sense) sound waves.AconvertBdisguiseCsendDdetect 9.A seismograph is a (device) designed to measure vibrations of the ground.AelementBtelescopeCvehicleDinstrument 10.The trade union leaders had been urged to make a (concession) by the protesters.AapologyBpermissionCsubstitutionDcompromise 11.The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.AfirstBlatestColdDspecial 12.His success in work has (tempted) many to try this new method.AattractedBcalledCimpliedDinspired 13.It is necessary to make a(n) (abstract) while writing a report.AsummaryBanalysisCdiscussionDindex 14.Why didnt you (show up) at the meeting yesterdayAcomeBpresentCturn upDshow around 15.Interview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the "how to" material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, the understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interview, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.The main idea of the first paragraph is that importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing.ARightBWrongCNot Mentioned 16.AIDS AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. The human immunodeficiency virus (人类免疫缺损病毒)called HIV is believed to cause AIDS. There is no cure. People who get the disease will die. AIDS itself does not kill. However, it attacks and destroys the bodys defense system that fights against infection. When this happens, a person has little ability to fight off many other diseases including pneumonia(肺炎), cancer and tuberculosis (结核病). A new study says the number of women in the United States with AIDS has increased sharply. The study says AIDS is increasing faster among women than among men. Eighteen percent of AIDS patients are women. This is almost 3 times the rate 10 years ago. Most women get the AIDS virus from having sexual relations with men. Pregnant women with the disease can pass it to their babies. The effect of AIDS in America is greatest in large cities. AIDS is the leading cause of death among all people in 79 cities. It is the leading cause of death among women in 15 cities. These include New York City and Miami, Florida. Doctors in the United States first noted AIDS 14 years ago in homosexual (同性恋的)men in New York and California. In the United States AIDS spread first among homosexual men. Then it appeared in people who shared needles to put illegal drugs into their blood. It also appeared in people who had received infected blood products at hospitals. The AIDS virus is spread through the exchange of infected blood or body fluids released during sexual activity. It is also spread by having sexual relations with someone who has the virus. And it is spread by sharing drug needles that have infected blood on them. AIDS has affected several famous American athletes. Two years ago, former tennis player Arthur Ashe died of the disease. At about the same time, former basketball player Magic Johnson announced that he has the AIDS virus. The most recent athlete to be affected is Gregory Louganis. Louganis won a number of gold medals in Olympic diving competition. He announced on television that he has AIDS. President Clinton met with Louganis and praised him for discussing his sickness. Mr. Clinton said it is important to educate the public. Activists have succeeded in educating Americans about AIDS and the people who have it. They also have been urging the federal government to increase efforts to find a cure for AIDS. Scientists first identified the virus that is believed to cause AIDS in 1983. Many of them then thought they could produce an anti-AIDS vaccine(痘苗). Such a medicine could be given to people to protect against the disease. However, scientists at American government agencies, universities and drug companies have failed to produce an anti-AIDS vaccine. But they are continuing effort to find better treatments for a cure.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passageAAIDS is the leading cause of death among young adults in American.BMost of the new AIDS cases reported in 1993 were among minority population.CThere are more women than men among the AIDS patients in the United States.DAIDS has a big effect on large cities. 17.Architecture Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings ate often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and Can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials ate more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modem lire calls for a variety of buildings. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they ate sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th century, modem architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modem architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects.A. Building MaterialsB. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern LifeC. Restoration of Ancient CivilizationsD. Evolution in StyleE. Factors Affecting Modem Architectur 6F. A Social ArtParagraph 2 18.A (bare) hill appears behind the jungle.AbaldBhumidCimmenseDlevel 19.How One Simple Movement Can Let Slip the Secrets of the Mind Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 per cent of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7 per cent. So, while your mouth is closed, just what is your body saying. Alms. (46)_ If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. (47)_ If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy! Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are monitor in class, you cart also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. (48)_ Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. If you are at interviews, try to keep them still! Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. (49)_ This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable. Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse your lips. You might also use this position to hold back all angry comment you dont wish to show. (50)_posture /n. 姿势purse/vt.皱缩；皱拢inwards/adv. 内向outgoing/adj. 开朗的receptive/adj. 善于接受的，能接纳的A. If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B. If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people Can notice this.C. Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.D. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet.E. However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased.F. However, to be friendly in listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side. 20.Cancer The popular TV variety-show host was grim but calm. He faced the cameras and said bluntly: "I have cancer." Masataka Itsumis disclosure may be the latest sign that the shame associated with cancer is finally breaking down in a country where, unlike the United Sates, the topic has traditionally been taboo. Cancer is the countrys No.1 killer, chaining more than 230,000 lives a year. Despite the number of people affected, the subject has long been concealed in secrecy and silence. As a rule, Japanese are reluctant to tell anyone other than family if they have cancer. And doctors often lie to patients about a cancer diagnosis, fearing they would be depressed and weakened by the truth. Polls indicate that most people would prefer to be told if they have cancer. But health authorities have estimated as few as one in five cancer patients is given a truthful diagnosis. "The patient is very afraid to hear of having cancer, so many doctors just dont tell," said one doctor. " But if we dont tell the truth, its bad for the relationship between doctor and patient. So I think this is beginning to change". He said he believed the intense public interest in the Itsumi case reflected pent-up curiosity and concern about the subject. There are other signs of greater openness in confronting cancer. Support groups for cancer victims, once unknown, have sprung up. The plot of a recent film revolved around a man with cancer. An unusually powerful television advertisement, appealing for bone-marrow donations, features a young woman who has since died of leukemia. But secrecy about cancer is still common. In Japan, serious illness is considered embarrassing. People worry about causing suffering and expense for their families, or discomforting their colleagues. Itsumi, in fact, began his news conference by apologizing. Other factors contribute to the taboo on talk about cancer. There is a cultural tendency toward restraint on discussing personal matters and stoicism in facing problems. Even if patients sense something is very wrong despite a good diagnosis, most do not press their doctors or seek a second opinion. Doctors are granted deep respect in a society that discourages questioning authority.The passage implies that_.Ain the United States, people openly talk about cancerBin the Unites States, cancer is a forbidden topicCcancer is not as wide spread in the U. S. as in JapanDcancer is the No. 1 killer in the U. S. 21.The Central Dogma Though it comes as no surprise that the composition of DNA between different organisms is different, it is not immediately obvious why the muscle cells, blood cells, and brain cells of any one particular vertebrate(脊椎动物) are so different in their structure and composition when the DNA of every one of their cells is identical. This is the key to one of the most exciting areas of modern cell biology. In different cell types, different sets of the total number of genes (genome) (基因组) are expressed. In other words, different regions of the DNA are "active" in the muscle cells, blood cells, and brain cells. To understand how this difference in DNA activity can l