2021湖南GRE考试考前冲刺卷（3）.docx

2021湖南GRE考试考前冲刺卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The Texas Legislature selected Vassar Miller _ in 1982, and again in 198Awas the states poet laureateBas the states poet laureateCthe states poet laureateDbecome the states poet laureate 2.Giant corporations _ to dominate the United States economy in the late nineteenth century, grew steadily larger during the 1920%.Awhich beganBin which beganCthey beganDwhich they began 3._. widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by the glass industry.ADespiteBWhetherCThoughDExcept for 4.(More than) 800 major oil (companv) (have) plants and offices in Tulsa, Oklahoma, (the site) of the international petroleum exposition.AMore thanBcompanvChaveDthe site 5._ crumbles readily when exposed to a moist, acid atmosphere, but the stone is durable in a dry atmosphere.AThe surface of marble isBThe surface of marble, whichCAlthough the surfitce of marbleDThe surface of marble 6.The twentieth century has been a period of enormous growth in mathematical research and in the number of mathematicians and fields _them.Athey requireBrequiringCrequireDas required 7.The planet Venus is almost exactly the same size and mass _ Earth, with a similar interior, including a nickel-iron core.AtoBasCisDthan 8.Wild eagles that survive to adulthood are believed _ from 20 to 30 years.AliveBto liveCthey liveDtheir living 9.The constitution of New Hampshire, ( a) second (oldest) among (those)of the fifty states, (was) adopted in 1784.AaBoldestCthoseDwas 10.(While) models of automobiles date (back as) far as the late 1600s, the 1880s (seen) the first commercial (interest) in the vehicle.AWhileBbackCseenDinterest 11.(In) June, 1846, (near) Sacramento, California, a (number) of new settlers rebelled in the Bear Flag Revolt and (proclaiming) California an independent republic.AInBnearCnumberDproclaiming 12.Acoustics, (the) study of sounds, (is) one of the (oldest) of the (physically) sciences.AtheBisColdestDphysically 13.Anyone with absolute, or perfect, pitch (are) able to identify by ear (any) note at (some)standard pitch or to (sing) a specified note at will.AareBanyCsomeDsing 14.The Executive Mansion, (constructed) in the 1790s (and) now (popularly) called the White House, (is oldest) public edifice in Washington,D.C.AconstructedBpopularlyCandDis oldest 15.The "method", (which is) both a style of (acting a )system of training for the actor, stresses (inner) motivation and psychological (truth.)Awhich isBacting aCinnerDtruth 16.The feathers of birds (not only) protect their skin from injury and conserve (body heat), but also (function) in flight, courtship, camouflage, and sensory (perceptive).Anot onlyBbody heatCfunctionDperceptive 17.In 1913 (when) he (was) only 18 (year old), Leo Sowerbys violin concerto was (performed by) the Chicago Symphony.AwhenBwasCyear oldDperformed by 18.(Few substances) lock less (alike than )coal and diamonds, yet both (are fashioned) (from same) elemental carbon.AFew substancesBalike thanCare fashionedDfrom same 19. If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied materialis examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do thesebacteria come from, since they are not seen in fresh food Even until the mid-nineteenthcentury, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous(5) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter.The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemistand microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structurespresent in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did(10)this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. Afterthe guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it hadtrapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteurfound that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive(15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells.As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they couldnot be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefyingmaterials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originatedfrom the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly(20)being deposited on all objects. Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated toboiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The proponents ofspontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary forspontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way(25)by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneous generation. Pasteur constructed aswan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but aircould reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask. Materialsterilized in such a flask did not putrefy.What does the passage mainly discussAPasteurs influence on the development of the microscope.BThe origin of the theory of spontaneous generation.CThe effects of pasteurization on food.DPasteurs argument against the theory of spontaneous generation. 20.In (the early) nineteenth century, the Cherokee nation of American Indians (was adopted) a written constitution (based) on (that) of the United States.Athe earlyBwas adoptedCbasedDthat 21.The North American Review, a (magazine was) first (published) in 1815, was one of the (leading) literary (journals) of the past woe centuries.Amagazine wasBpublishedCleadingDjournals 22.One of the (most impressive) cultural achievements of the United State (during) the 1920s was a (vastly) outpouring of (serious literature).Amost impressiveBduringCvastlyDserious literature 23.(Researchers) have found subtle neurological (differences) between the brains of men and women (either) in physical structure and in (the way) they function.AResearchersBdifferencesCeitherDthe way 24. If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied materialis examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do thesebacteria come from, since they are not seen in fresh food Even until the mid-nineteenthcentury, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous(5) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter.The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemistand microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structurespresent in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did(10)this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. Afterthe guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it hadtrapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteurfound that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive(15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells.As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they couldnot be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefyingmaterials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originatedfrom the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly(20)being deposited on all objects. Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated toboiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The proponents ofspontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary forspontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way(25)by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneous generation. Pasteur constructed aswan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but aircould reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask. Materialsterilized in such a flask did not putrefy.The phrase "teeming with "in line 2 is closest in meaning toAfull ofBdeveloping intoCresistant toDhurt by 25. If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied materialis examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do thesebacteria come from, since they are not seen in fresh food Even until the mid-nineteenthcentury, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous(5) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter.The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemistand microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structurespresent in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did(10)this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. Afterthe guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it hadtrapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteurfound that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive(15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells.As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they couldnot be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefyingmaterials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originatedfrom the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly(20)being deposited on all objects. Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated toboiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The proponents ofspontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary forspontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way(25)by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneous generation. Pasteur constructed aswan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but aircould reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask. Materialsterilized in such a flask did not putrefy.Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answerAWhat is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some foodBHow many types of organisms can be found on foodCWhat is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examinationDHow long can food stand before it putrefies 26.Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the proportions of the instrument are(5) determined almost entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is deceptive. About 70 parts are involved in the construction of a violin, Its tone and its outstanding range of expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important. however, is its role as an orchestral and chamber instrument. In combination with the larger and deeper-sounding members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus(10)of the modern symphony orchestra. The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument in its own right dates from the early 1600s, when it first became standard in Italian opera orchestras. Its stature as an orchestral instrument was raised further when in 1626 Louis XIII of France established at his court the orchestra known as Les vingt-quatre(15)violons du Roy (The Kings 24 Violins), which was to become widely famous later in the century. In its early history, the violin had a dull and rather quiet tone resulting from the fact that the strings were thick and were attached to the body of the instrument very loosely. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, exciting technical changes were inspired(20)by such composer-violinists as Vivaldi and Tartini. Their instrumental compositions demanded a fuller, clearer, and more brilliant tone that was produced by using thinner strings and a far higher string tension. Small changes had to be made to the violins internal structure and to the fingerboard so that they could withstand the extra strain. Accordingly, a higher standard of performance was achieved, in terms of both facility(25)and interpretation. Left-hand technique was considerably elaborated, and new fingering patterns on the fingerboard were developed for very high notes.The word "standard" in line 12 is closest in meaning toApracticalBcustomaryCpossibleDunusual 27. Under the Earths topsoil, at various levels, sometimes under a layer of rock, there am deposits of clay. Look at cuts where highways have been built to see exposed clay beds; or look at a construction site, where pockets of clay may be exposed. Rivers also reveal clay along their banks, and erosion on a hillside may make clay easily accessible.(5) What is clay made oF The Earths surfac