2021江苏在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（5）.docx

2021江苏在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（5）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational cortstraints(约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you dont at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more,and this holds true with other resources,not just pay increases. Consider Beths stoly: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubiele(小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices,while I re- mained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but "nice" isnt a quality at- tributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you11 probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip(筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to dem- onstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs(a new client or a sizable contract,for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.To be successful in negotiations, one must_.Ameet his boss at the appropriate timeBarrive at the fiegotiation table punctuallyCbe good at influencing the outcome of the interactionDbe familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes 2.Sea horses have unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs, but unlike other creatures. Its the males that give birth to the young. Male sea horses have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms a pocket, called a brood pouch. During the breeding season, the sea horses pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off, leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs, but she doesnt stay long,nor does she take part in the birth. It takes from five to six weeks for the eggs in the males pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult from him to swim, so the male often uses his tall to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly, gripping the grass, he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change Iris color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs. The eggs hatch inside the males pouch. When the babies begin moving around, the mate sea horse knows its time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking, bending his body back and forth, this causes the opening to enlarge until wide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. the father sea horse continues rocking, bending, and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to force the young out. Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tiered when its over. Soon after giving birth to one brood, the male will approach his mat and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.The author suggests when sea horse babies are ready to be born_.Athe male sea horse seems very happyBit is difficult for them to come outCthe female sea horse joins the maleDthey need large space in the pouch 3.Elephants who paint arent new. Paintings by Ruby, an Asian elephant who lived at the Phoenix Zoo in Arizona, sold for up to $ 5,000 in the late 1980s, said Dick George, a consultant with the zoo. "Ruby was about seven months old when she first came to the zoo," said George. "She lived with a goat and some chickens, but she didnt have an elephant companion for a number of years. She spent a lot of time drawing in the dirt with a stick to make her days more stimulating. Her keeper bought her some art sup- plies." George said, "Ruby was excited about painting right from the beginning." The elephants at the art academies in the Southeast Asia are taught to hold a paintbrush with the tip of their trunks. Initially, the keeper guides the elephants trunk over the canvas(画布) and offers rewards for good performance. "It only takes a few hours to a day to teach them," said Mia Fineman, an art historian whose book When Elephants Paint is an illustrated history of the Asian Elephant Art and Consrvation Project.To encourage the elephants to paint well, the keeper _.Abought them a lot of art suppliesBmade them excited at the beginningCtaught them to hold a paintbrush with their trunksDreinforced the desired behaviors with rewards 4.Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or (31) "continuing education" courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university. Educating adults differs from educating (32) in several ways. One of the most important (33) is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can (34) add value to a learning experience or interfere with it. Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some (35) fashion in order to learn effectively there must be a (36) and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal. One example, (37) in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in (38) adults, most of them office workers, could enroll These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application (39) . Because the skills (40) to interact with a PC were so new, many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses, either of their own will (to gain computer skills and thus can higher pay) or at the request of their managers.AplanBprospectCgoalDpossibility 5.Sea horses have unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs, but unlike other creatures. Its the males that give birth to the young. Male sea horses have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms a pocket, called a brood pouch. During the breeding season, the sea horses pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off, leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs, but she doesnt stay long,nor does she take part in the birth. It takes from five to six weeks for the eggs in the males pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult from him to swim, so the male often uses his tall to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly, gripping the grass, he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change Iris color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs. The eggs hatch inside the males pouch. When the babies begin moving around, the mate sea horse knows its time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking, bending his body back and forth, this causes the opening to enlarge until wide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. the father sea horse continues rocking, bending, and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to force the young out. Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tiered when its over. Soon after giving birth to one brood, the male will approach his mat and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.Which fact does the author want the reader to remember mostAThe male sea horse gives birth to the young.BThe female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time.CBaby sea horses are born in groups of five or more.DThe female will return every day to check on the eggs. 6.Elephants who paint arent new. Paintings by Ruby, an Asian elephant who lived at the Phoenix Zoo in Arizona, sold for up to $ 5,000 in the late 1980s, said Dick George, a consultant with the zoo. "Ruby was about seven months old when she first came to the zoo," said George. "She lived with a goat and some chickens, but she didnt have an elephant companion for a number of years. She spent a lot of time drawing in the dirt with a stick to make her days more stimulating. Her keeper bought her some art sup- plies." George said, "Ruby was excited about painting right from the beginning." The elephants at the art academies in the Southeast Asia are taught to hold a paintbrush with the tip of their trunks. Initially, the keeper guides the elephants trunk over the canvas(画布) and offers rewards for good performance. "It only takes a few hours to a day to teach them," said Mia Fineman, an art historian whose book When Elephants Paint is an illustrated history of the Asian Elephant Art and Consrvation Project.When Elephants Paint is a book_.Aon the history of artsBabout the painting elephants in AsiaCexplaining how to teach elephants to paintDchiefly theorizing about elephant art 7.Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or (31) "continuing education" courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university. Educating adults differs from educating (32) in several ways. One of the most important (33) is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can (34) add value to a learning experience or interfere with it. Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some (35) fashion in order to learn effectively there must be a (36) and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal. One example, (37) in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in (38) adults, most of them office workers, could enroll These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application (39) . Because the skills (40) to interact with a PC were so new, many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses, either of their own will (to gain computer skills and thus can higher pay) or at the request of their managers.AnormalBcommonCregularDprofitable 8.Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or (31) "continuing education" courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university. Educating adults differs from educating (32) in several ways. One of the most important (33) is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can (34) add value to a learning experience or interfere with it.A. that B which C. those D. whoseAnother important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some (35) fashion in order to learn effectively there must be a (36) and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal. One example, (37) in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in (38) adults, most of them office workers, could enroll These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application (39) . Because the skills (40) to interact with a PC were so new, many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses, either of their own will (to gain computer skills and thus can higher pay) or at the request of their managers.9.Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or (31) "continuing education" courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university. Educating adults differs from educating (32) in several ways. One of the most important (33) is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can (34) add value to a learning experience or interfere with it. Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some (35) fashion in order to learn effectively there must be a (36) and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal. One example, (37) in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in (38) adults, most of them office workers, could enroll These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application (39) . Because the skills (40) to interact with a PC were so new, many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses, either of their own will (to gain computer skills and thus can higher pay) or at the request of their managers.AsoftwareBhardwareCtechnologyDframework 10.Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or (31) "continuing education" courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university. Educating adults differs from educating (32) in several ways. One of the most important (33) is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can (34) add value to a learning experience or interfere with it. Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some (35) fashion in order to learn effectively there must be a (36) and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal. One example, (37) in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in (38) adults, most of them office workers, could enroll These courses would teach basic use of the operat