2022年广西同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2022年广西同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为2大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共30题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In (61) a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend (62) can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are (63) readers. Most of us develop poor reading (64) at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency (65) in the actual stuff of language itselfwords. Taken individually, words have (66) meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. (67) , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to (68) words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over (69) you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which (70) down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word either orally or mentally as (71) reads. To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an (72) , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate (73) the reader finds comfortable, in order to "stretch" him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, (74) word-by-word reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible. At first (75) is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but also your comprehension will improve.AmeaningBcomprehensionCgistDregression 2.Man: Why do you want to move out You really have a happy life. I do envy you. Woman: You dont know that I have been over-protected by my mother these years. I want to spread my own wings. Question: What does the woman meanAShe doesnt love her mother.BShe wants to be independent.CShe actually envies the man.DShe doesnt like family lif 3.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会) of each new skillthe first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and exeuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skills_.Ashould be avoidedBis universal among parentsCsets up dangerous states of worry in the childDwill make him lose interest in learning new things 4.Man: When are Georges parents coming back Woman: My sister says both she and Georges father will stay on for the weekend since George is all right here with us. Question: What is the relationship between George and the womanAGrandmother and grandchild.BMother and son-in-law.CAunt and nephew.DAunt and niec 5.Man: Im frustrated. Were supposed to do our assignment on the computer, but I have difficulty getting access to the computers in the library. Woman: I understand the way you feel. Im looking forward to the day when I can afford to get my own. Question: What does the woman meanAShe cant finish her assignment, either.BShe cant afford a computer right now.CThe man can use her computer.DThe man should buy a computer right away. 6.A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of" news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特写) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that days paper, his own se- lection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its_.Awide coverageBuniform styleCspeed in reporting newsDpopularity 7.American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep. " Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. " Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. "We have to totally change our attitude toward napping," says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness, people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half hour snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase" also called "a secondary sleep gate. " Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we "snack" on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is_.AunreasonableBcriminalCharmfulDcostly 8.Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious (61) to how they can be best (62) such changes. Growing bodies need movement and (63) , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. (64) they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the (65) that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are (66) by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be (67) to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, (68) , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, (69) student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can pro- vide (70) opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful (71) dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the (72) of some kind of organization with a supportive adult (73) visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have (74) attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized (75) participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down.AthoughtBideaCopinionDadvice 9.The first thing to notice is that the media were all familiar withfrom books to television are one-way propositions: they push their content at us. The Web is two-way, push and pull. In finer point, it combines the one-way reach of broadcast with the two-way reciprocity (互惠) of a mid-cast. Indeed, its user can at once be a receiver and sender of broadcasta confusing property, but mind-stretching! A second aspect of the Web is that it is the first medium that honors the notion of multiple intelligences. This past centurys concept of literacy grew out of our intense belief in text, a focus enhanced by the power of one particular technologythe typewriter. It became a great tool for writers but a terrible one for other creative activities such as sketching, painting, notating music, or even mathematics. The typewriter prized one particular kind of intelligence, but with the Web, we suddenly have a medium that honors multiple forms of intelligenceabstract, textual, visual, musical, social, and kinesthetic. As educators, we now have a chance to construct a medium that enables all young people to become engaged in their ideal way of learning. The Web affords the match we need between a medium and how a particular person learns. A third and unusual aspect of the Web is that it leverages (起杠杆作用) the small efforts of the many with the large efforts of the few. For example, researchers in the Maricopa County Community College system in Phoenix have found a way to link a set of senior citizens with pupils in the Longview Elementary School, as helper-mentors (顾问). Its wonderful to see kids listen to these grandparents better than they do to their own parents, the mentoring really helps their teachers, and the seniors create a sense of meaning for themselves. Thus, the small efforts of the manythe seniorscomplement the large efforts of the fewthe teachers. The same thing can be found in operation at Hewlett-Pack- ard, where engineers use the Web to help kids with science or math problems. Both of these examples barely scratch the surface as we think about whats possible when we start interlacing resources with needs across a whole region.What does the word "mind-stretching" implyAObtaining ones mental power.BStrengthening ones power of thought.CMaking great demands on ones mental power.DExerting ones mental power as far as possibl 10.Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the worlds greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. "It is very clear," he told me. "They were all Jews (犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. " As a result, every Jewish parents dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. "In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. " says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War , that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. Thats a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because_.Ait would allow them access to a better life in the WestBJewish children are born with excellent musical talentCthey wanted their children to enter into the professional fieldDit would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country 11.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会) of each new skillthe first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly i