定语从句讲解（2）.pptx
定语从句讲解（二） 定语从句必须跟定语从句必须跟在在先行词后面先行词后面.as从句例外从句例外1. They passed the village where his grandparents lived.2. A bookstore is a store that sells books.先行词/被修饰词在前修饰句首句中句尾1. As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of of China.2. Taiwan, as is known to all, is a part of of China.3. Taiwan is a part of of China, as is known to all.不要了 他们经过了住着他们祖父母的那个村庄.修饰修饰汉语与英语中定语的位置正好相反定语从句在后书店就是 售书的 店.修饰As从句who指人,是主格,在从句中作主语1. The woman who is talking with him is a doctor. 2. Where is the man who was here?正在和他交谈的那位妇女是医生.刚才在这儿的那个人现在在哪儿?从句中作主语从句中作主语3. I dont know the girls who _(be)from the No. 2 middle school. are who 的单复数取决于先行词whom 指人,是宾格,在从句中作宾语,可以省略1. The young writer ( whom ) we visited last week has left for Paris.who 可以代替 whom 也可以说: The young writer who we visited last week has left for Paris.因此，此句共有三种说法从句中作宾语介词可以放在whom前面, 这时whom不可省略 , who不能做介词宾语 The woman (whom / who ) you spoke to is our class teacher.The woman to whom / to who you spoke is our class teacher.2. Thats the man (whom /who) you should pay attention ( ？)漏了 to , (whom /who) 是 pay attention to的宾语请翻译: 你和她讲话的那位妇女是我们的班主任.又如: 昨天我和他一起回家的那个男孩是约翰. (五种说法)The boy whom I went home with is John.The boy with whom I went home is JohnThe boy I went home with is John.The boy who I went home with is John错to.The boy that I went home with is John. that 可以指人3. The teacher you saw him in the park teaches physics. ( )saw的宾语是whom, 这里省略了, him多余说出其他三种正确的说法:whose是所有格, “的” , 指人,也指物,可与of which互换使用1. The boy whose sister is a singer sings well. 2. The classroom whose windows (= the windows of which ) face south is large and bright. 那个姐姐是歌唱家的姐姐是歌唱家的男孩歌唱的很好. 指人那个窗子朝南的窗子朝南的教室又大又明亮. 指物又: 我借了一本红封面的书. (两种说法)1.I borrowed a book whose cover is red.2. I borrowed a book the cover of which is red. 无区别错More 1 whose+名词=the名词+of whichMore 2 which / that 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以被省略 1. The ball-pen which / that lies on the desk is mine.2. The necklace ( which / that ) she lost yesterday was a gift from her mother.3. He showed me the pictures which /that _ ( be ) interesting.书桌上的圆珠笔是我的. (作主语, 是单数)昨天她丢失的项链是她母亲给的生日礼物. (作宾语可以省略) were which /that 指 pictures 因此复数只能用which时在介词后面, 作介词宾语时只用whichThe pen with which he wrote the letter was expensive.不能说with that 只能用 that 时 1. 代替who / whom, 指人 Who is the girl that is standing there? which不能指人 2. 在从句中作表语He is not the man ( that ) he was before. 表语时不能用whoIt was the only school ( that ) there was then. 也不用 which 3. Who / Which 问句中不能用thatWhich is the book ( that ) you bought yesterday? who 见上例4 . 当先行词为something, anything,nothing, everything, little all, much 时1. There is little that the enemy could do besides surrender. was的表语 Those _ want to go please stay behind. those后只接whowho八种情况2. Only Mr. White could understand all ( that ) she said.比较: She told us all what she did during the summer vacation. all 不做先行词,是 us 的同位语, what 引导的是宾语从句 3. Im sure she has something ( that / which ) you can borrow. 实际使用中something后面也可用which5. 当先行词any, no, all, little, every, much, some被修饰时All little namesIve read all the books that you lent to me.注意: Anyone who smokes on the ferry will be fined. 任何人在渡船上吸烟都将被罚款. 指人时仍用who
