英语国家社会与文化入门Unit3.pdf

Unit3一、 判断题1、It is no doubt Britain is the oldest representive democracy in theworld.（F F）毫无疑问英国是世界上最古老的表现性的民主。2、In Britain,the Process of state-building has been one of evolutionrather revoution,in contrast to France and the US.（T T）在英国,国家建设一直是进化的过程 ,而次大革命,相比之下,法国和美国。3、The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy.（T T）最古老的政府机构在英国是君主制。4、The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived hisauthority from his subjects.（F F）国王的神圣权利意味着主权权威来自他的臣民。5、As the king in theory had God on his side,it was tought that heshould exercise absolute power.（F F）国王在理论上有上帝在他的身边,想,他应该行使绝对权力。6、The termparliamentwas first offcially used in 1066 to describethe gathering of feudal barons and representatives from countiesand towns.（F F）“议会”这个词第一次被据 1066 年用来描述封建贵族的聚会和代表县和城镇。7、Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutionalmonarchy.（T T）英国是议会民主和君主立宪制国家。8、Britain,like Israel,has a written constitution of the sort whichmost countries have.（F F）像以色列,英国有一个成文宪法的,大多数国家。9、Commonlawsare whichhave beenestablishedthroughcommon practice in the courts.（T T）常见的法律已经建立了通过在法庭上常见的做法。二、选择题1、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Britaingovernment?A A下列哪个不是英国政府的特点吗?A A、IsIs offersoffers thethe QueenQueen highhigh politicalpolitical statusstatus andand supremesupremepower.power.女王是提供高的政治地位和最高权力。女王是提供高的政治地位和最高权力。A、It is both a parlimentary democracy and a constitutionalmonarchy.它既是一种议会民主和君主立宪制。B、It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.它是世界上最古老的代议制民主。C、It has no written from of constitution.它没有写的宪法。4、Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Council?C C下面哪个是不正确的委员会呢?A、It included barons and representatives from counties and twons.它包括大亨和代表县和小镇。B、It was sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money.这是有时国王召见了捐款。C C、It later developed into what we now as the Cabinet.It later developed into what we now as the Cabinet.后来发展成我们现在的内阁。后来发展成我们现在的内阁。D、It represented the aristocrats what as well as the communities.它代表着贵族以及社区。6、Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A A下列哪个不是与宪法有关吗?A A、ItIt isis a a writtenwritten documentdocument whichwhich listslists outout thethe basicbasicprinciples for government.principles for government.这是一个书面文件列出了政府的基本原则。这是一个书面文件列出了政府的基本原则。B、It is the foundation of Britain government today.今天是英国政府的基础。C、Conventions and Laws are part of the Parliament and part of theConstitution.约定和法律的议会和宪法的一部分。D、The common laws are part of the Constitution.共同的法律是宪法的一部分。7、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTcorrect?D D下列哪个陈述是不正确的?A、There are no legal restraints is NOT correct?没有法律限制是不正确的?B、Strictly speaking,the Queen is part of passing laws.严格地说,女王是通过法律的一部分。C、Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.议会已经通过法律的最高权力。D D、ParliamentParliament hashas nono powerpower toto changechange thethe termsterms ofof thetheConstitution.Constitution.国会没有权力改变宪法的条款。国会没有权力改变宪法的条款。8、Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queensrole?A A下列哪个不是一个真正的女王的角色的描述?A A、The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.女王选择首相和内阁。女王选择首相和内阁。B、The Queen symbolises the tradition and unity of the Britainstate.女王象征着英国的传统和统一的状态。C、The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.女王作为一个红颜知己的总理。D、The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.女王是英国教会的时间头。三、填空题1、KingKing EgbertEgbert,the ancestor of the present Queen,Elizabeth2,untied England under his rule in 829.埃格伯特国王的祖先现在的女王，伊丽莎白二世，英格兰829 年在他的统治下。2、The doctrine of thedivine right of kingsheld that the sovereignderived his authority from GodGod,not from his subjectshis subjects.“君权神授”的教义认为,主权派生的职权从神来的 ,不是从他的臣民。3、During the civil war in the 17th century,those who representedthe interests of Parliament are called roundheadsroundheads ,and those whosupported the King were called loyalistsloyalists.7、在内战期间在 17 世纪,那些议会者被成为“圆颅派”代表着利益,和那些支持国王被称为支持者。4、In 1215,some feudal barons and the Church forced King JohnJohn tosign the Magan CartaMagan Carta to palce some limits on the Kings power.1215 年,一些封建贵族和教会英王约翰被迫签署马江的法令来取代一些限制国王的权力。5、In medieval times,Kings would summon a group of wealthybarons and representatives of counties,towns and cities called thetheGreat CouncilGreat Council to raise money.在中世纪,国王会召唤一群富有的贵族代表县、乡镇和城市称为大议会来筹集资金。6、In 1689,Parliament passedthe Bill of Rightsthe Bill of Rights to ensure that theKing would never be able to ignore Parliament.1689 年,议会通过了权利法案,以确保国王将永远无法忽视议会。8、In the 18th century,King George I left the job of chairing cabinetmeeting to one of his ministers who later came to becalled Primecalled PrimeMinister.Minister.在 18 世纪,国王乔治我离开主持内阁会议的工作给他的一位部长们后来被称为首相。9、In Britain,the offcial head of state is the Queenthe Queen while the realcentre of political life is in the House of Commonsthe House of Commons.在英国,官方国家元首为女王,而真正的政治生活的中心是在下议院。10、The Britain Constitution consists of statute law, common lawcommon lawand conventionsconventions.英国宪法由成文法,习惯法和惯例。11、The most important function of the Parliament is to pass laws.pass laws.议会的最重要的功能是通过法律。12、Strictlyspeaking,theParliamenttodayconsistsoftheQueen,the House of Lordsthe House of Lords and the House of Commonsthe House of Commons.严格地说,今天的议会由女王、上议院和下议院。13、Life peers should be nominated by PrimePrime MinisterMinister andappointed by the sovereignthe sovereign.终身贵族应该由首相提名和任命的主权。英译汉1、The Bill of Rights of 16892、The Constitution1689 年的权利法案宪法议会的功能3、The functions of Parliament4、The House of Lords上议院下议院5、The House of Commons6、Magna Carta大宪章大议会7、The Great Council8、The civil war9、statute law内战成文法普通法10、The common laws11、Conventions12、life peers约定首相提名