2021年高中生英语学业水平知识点范本.docx

2021年高中生英语学业水平知识点中学英语学业水平考试学问点1 Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. Well-known for their expertise, his parents company . Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep. 过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或状况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。 Heated , water changes into steam . The professor came in, followed by a group of young people . 1 作缘由状语，等于as / since / because 引导从句 Moved by what she said ,we couldnt help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said 2 作时间状语，等于when 引导时间从句，假如分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。 When heated , water can be changed into steam . Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill 3 作条件状语等于 if / whether 引导从句 Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention . Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you 4 作方式或伴随状语 The actress came in , followed by her fans . She sat by the window , lost in thought . 5 作让步状语 Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he . 6 独立主格结构： 当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随状况。 The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat . All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers . Rewrite with proper conjunctions Example : United we stand, divided we fall. If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall. 1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it. When he was asked what had happened, 2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures. Because he was well known for his expert advice, 3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. If we were given more time, 4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers. Once it was translated into Chinese, 5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor. Because she was deeply interested in medicine, 6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all. Although he was left alone at home, 现在分词与过去分词作状语 现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。 Seeing these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. (see) 选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如： Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。 Using the book, I find it useful. 在运用的过程中，我发觉这本书很有用 留意:1.系表示主语所处的状态 _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose) _ in white, she looks more beautiful.( dress) be lost in be dressed in be interested in be devoted to be supposed to? be caught in the rain be seated in be prepared for be determined to 2.不与主语保持一样的固定结构 generally speaking一般说来 strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说 judging from 从推断 all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration全面看来 例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他肯定是病了。 Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。 (speaking 不是dogs 的动作) Practice 1. Complete each sentences using the P.P. of the right verb. build frighten trap follow shoot see examine 1 _ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room. 2 The lady returned home, _ by two policemen. 3 After having been _ carefully, the room was locked again. 4._ in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old. 5 _ from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails. 6 If _ in a burning building, you should send for help. 7 Although _ in the leg, he continued firing at the police. 中学英语学业水平考试学问点2 1. chat vi.n. 闲聊;闲聊 典例 1). What were you chatting to him about? 2). I had a long chat with her (about her job). 重点用法 chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人闲聊、闲谈 2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的;朝东的 典例 1). They were traveling eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他们朝着东边向幻想中的城市进发。 2). The plane flied in an eastward direction. 词语归纳 eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地 westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地 southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地 northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地 southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地 northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地 southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地 northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地 3. surround vt.vi. 包围;围绕 surrounding adj. 四周的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境 典例 1). Trees surround the pond. 2). The house was surrounded by high walls. 重点用法 surround.with. 用包围 be surrounded by/with. 四周都是 4. measure vi.vt. 测量;衡量;判定 n.c,u 尺寸;量具;计量单位;措施 典例 1). Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗? 2). It s hard to measure his ability when we haven t seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的实力。 重点用法 measure A by B 用B衡量A sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4米宽2米 measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服 5. mix vt.vi. 混合;调配 mixture n.u,c 混合(物);混合状态 典例 1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 2). Oil and water don t mix. 3). Oil won t mix with water. 词语归纳 mix的短语： mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来 mix sth. up 把某物拌和;混淆某物 mix sth. in/into把某物掺进去 be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关;与某人混在一起 6. nearby adj.旁边的;邻近的 adv.在旁边 典例 1). Her mother lived in a nearby town. 2). Her mother lived nearby. 重点用法 nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。 如： There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby. 7. terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓 terrified adj.恐惊的;受惊吓的 terrifying adj.(令人)可怕的 典例 1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 2). Her husband s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惊。 重点用法 be terrified at/by sth. 被某事(物)恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 胆怯某事(物) 8. impress vt.使印象深刻;使牢记 impression n.c印象;感想 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的 典例 1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。 2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为敬佩。 重点用法 impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人牢记某事物 make/give/crate an impression on/upon. 给一个印象 have/get the impression that 有的印象 中学英语学业水平考试学问点3 1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 赐予伤员的急救。 短语联想： give/offer aid 救济 come to sb's aid 帮助某人 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救援 with the aid of 借助于 get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如： The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。 中学英语学业水平考试学问点4 核心单词 1. persuade vt.劝服;劝服;使信任(同convince) 常用结构： persuade sb. of sth. 使某人信任某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 劝服某人做某事 persuade sb. into doing sth. 劝服某人做某事 persuade sb. out of doing sth. 劝服某人不要做某事 persuade sb. that-clause 使某人信任 联想拓展 talk sb. into/out of doing sth.=reason sb. into/out of doing sth. 劝服某人做/不做某事 trick sb. into/out of doing sth. 诱使某人做/不做某事 urge sb. into/out of doing sth. 怂恿某人做/不做某事 易混辨析 advise/persuade advise 强调劝说，建议的动作，不注意结果;而persuade强调已经劝服，重在结果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，也可以接that-clause (that sb. should do),而persuade则不能。 I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他信任这是真的。 We will persuade him to take the medicine. 我们将劝服他把药吃下去。 We persuaded her into taking the job. 我们劝服她接受了这份工作。 I persuaded my father out of smoking. 我劝服父亲戒了烟。 中学英语学业水平考试学问点5 重点单词 1.honest adj.诚恳的 2.ancient dj.古代的 pete vi.竞赛 petitor n.竞争者 5.medal n.奖章 6.host vt.主办 7.magical adj.魔术的 8.interview vt.面谈 9.athlete n.运动员 10.admit vt.承认 11.set n.组 12.slave n.奴隶 13.stadium n.露天大型体育场 14.gymnasium n.健身房 15.replace vt.取代 16.prize n.奖 17.sliver n.银 18.physical adj.物理的 19.root n.根 20.relate vt.有关 21.sail vt.航行 22.poster n. 海报 23.advertise vt.做广告 24.foolish adj.愚蠢的 25.promise vt.n.答应 26.golden adj.金的 重点短语 1.take part in 参与 2.used to 过去经常 3.change one's mind 变更办法 4.play an important role in 在.中起重要作用 pete against/for 与.竞赛 6.work out 计算出 7.make sure 有把握 8.a set of 一组 9.as well as 也;又 10.every four years 每四年 11.one after another 接连地 12.all over the world 遍及世界 13.as a matter of fact 事实上 14.pick up 捡起 2021年中学生英语学业水平学问点