2022大学英语考试考前冲刺卷（1）.docx

2022大学英语考试考前冲刺卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Task 2 Many of the world's population problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. Supply for the needs of the people leads to further pollution by industry. If rapid increase of world population in countries continues at the present rate, there may be much greater harm to human beings. Some scientists speak of the increase in numbers of people as "population pollution". About 2000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 million; it reached a billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was two billion. It is now three and a half billion. It is expected to double by the year 2005. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there will be 25 billion people in the world a hundred years from now! Man has been using the earth's resources more and more rapidly over the past years. Some of them are ah-nost used tip. Now many people believe that man's greatest problem is how to control the growth of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to support the human population in time to come, if the present rate of increase continues. Already there is over-crowding in many cities and hunger in some countries. Should man's population keep on growing so rapidly as before? Many people believe that human survival in the future depends on the answer to this question. 2.Task 3 The Chang, jiang River is not the longest, the widest, or the most powerful river in the world. But in one sense it is the most important river, because it serves more people than any other river. In every way the Changjiang River is China's life stream. The Changjiang isn't just a trade river, a high way along which goods are picked up and sent. It is an agricultural river as well. A lot of irrigation ditches go out from it to millions of tiny garden-size farms. There men and women work endlessly with very old hand tools -planting, watering, fertilizing, weeding, harvesting, raising the family's food and raising the nation's food. It begins somewhere high in the place north of Tibet, running down from a three-mile height, tt goes for hundreds of miles, shouting loud through valleys. Only in the last 1,000 miles of its 3,900-mile journey does the Changjiang River become the sunny and cheerful river. 3.Task 4 Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quicldy than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own ways to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find the people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate; they are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it. 4.Task 5 In an experiment designed to study the effect of majority opinion, small groups of subjects (实验对象) observed a standard straight line, and then judged which of three other lines equaled its length. One of the other lines was longer, one shorter, one equal to the standard; the differences were great enough that they could be told easily. All but one member of each group had been instructed to agree upon a wrong answer for a majority of the trials. The experimental subject was thus put against a majority, and the subject's problem was whether to disagree with the majority, or to doubt his or her own judgment and agree. Many subjects refused to change and continued to hold to their independent ideas. But a rather large number of them yielded under pressure from other's apparent judgments. The amount of yielding depended on the clarity of conditions (lack of clariw led to their following majority opinion) , individual differences, and the size of the opposition. With the opposition of only one other person, there was very little yielding; with two against one the amount of yielding became pronounced (显著的) ; and a majority of three was nearly as effective as larger majorities against the only one who disagreed. 5.Task 6 The sense of sound is one of our most important means of knowing what is going on around us. Sound has a wasted product, too, in the form of noise. Noise has been called unwanted sound. Noise is growing and it may get much worse before it gets any better. Scientists, for several years, have been studying how noise affects people and animals. They are surprised by what they have learned. Peace and quiet are becoming harder to find. Noise pollution is a threat that should be looked at carefully. There is a saying about it being so noisy that you can't hear yourself think. Doctors who study noise believe that we must sometimes hear ourselves think. If we don't, we may have headaches, other aches and pains, or even worse mental problems. Noise adds more tension (紧张) to a society that already faces enough stress. But noise is not a new problem. In ancient Rome, people complained so much about noise that the government stopped chariots (四轮马车) from moving through the streets at night! Ways of making less noise are now being tested. There are even laws controlling noise. We cannot return to the "good old days" of peace and quiet. But we can reduce noise-if we shout loudly enough about it. 6.Task 7 Life in the twentieth century demands preparation. Today, all individuals in a country must have adequate schooling to prepare them for their work as well as for their responsibilities as citizens. With this in mind, national leaders everywhere are placing more emphasis on the education of the young. In the United States, government officials, parents, and teachers are working hard to give the children -tomorrow's decision makers -the best preparation available. There is no national school policy in the United States. Each of the fifty states makes its own rules and regulations for its schools, but there are many similarities among the fifty school systems. Public schools in all states are supported by taxes paid by the citizens of the individual state. In most states the children are required to attend school until they reach the age of six. When they become six years old, children begin elementary school. After six years in elementary school, they go into junior high school and remain there for three years. The last three years of their public school education are spent in senior high school, from which they graduate at the age of eighteen. A great number of high school graduates continue their education in one of the many colleges or universities in the country. After four years, they receive a Bachelor's degree. Some continue studying for a Master's degree and perhaps a Doctor' s degree. 7.Task 8 Primitive man learned that he could have more of the good thing of life by trading with other men. For example, he could exchange an extra animal skin for food, a club, or a spear. With the coming of civilization man began to use grain, olive oil, crops, and cattle as barter items. But trading with goods was inexact and burdensome. It was necessary to carry around a load of hay on your back to exchange for a dozen bushels of wheat. In about 700 B.C., a people in Asia Minor known as the Lydians decided that gold, silver, and other metals should stand for the value of goods. They invented a rough coin called the stater, which was made of gold and silver. A certain number of staters could be used to buy a bag of salt, a tool, or clothing. In this way the old custom of barter was gradually replaced by the use of money, although some primitive people still use goods as a medium of exchange. 8.Task 9 In the past two years, millions of Americans have suddenly embraced the bicycle as if it were a startling new invention. Annual bike sales doubled between 1960 and 1970, and there are nearly 70 million bikes in the United States today. That's more than two for every three automobiles. Of course, the bike has been around for more than 150 years, and this isn't America's first bicycle boom. A wave of bike enthusiasm swept the land in the late 1800s and bicycle production hit two million units in 1897. Then with the coming of the auto, bicycling declined, and for decades remained popular only with children and a few adult faddists. Now, national preoccupation with air pollution and physical fitness has brought the bike back to the forefront -particularly with adults. More than eight million bikes were sold in the United States last year and a third of them went to adults. The year before, only 15 percent of new bike sales were for adults. 9.Task 10 With the invention and development of television, entertainment has grown much more visual in character and is demanding less and less use Of the imagination, considered by many to be man's greatest faculty; but its greatest inadequacy lies in its inability to exercise just those creative powers in men which are called upon and developed in the pursuit of a worthwhile hobby. This lack is not serious while a man is still fully employed in his day-to-day work which itself often gives him opportunities to create either with his hands or with his mind. At this time he seeks only some form of relaxation in his leisure. There comes a time, however, when he must retire from his occupation on account of age, and it is then that these shallower pastimes, useful enough as a form of relaxation, might cease to satisfy the hitherto active man. Today, many elderly people are finding this to be true, and seem constantly to be suffering from a sense of frustration after retirement, which reveals itself in a short temper and slow degeneration of health, the two most common symptoms. 10.In addition to installation instructions the manual also offers informative and interesting chapters for both beginners and advanced players A. 除安装说明外，手册还为初学者和高级玩家提供了知识丰富、趣味浓厚的章节。 B. 初学者和高级玩家都能按照安装说明去做。 C. 手册除提供了安装说明外，还有初学者和高级玩家都感兴趣的游戏。 D. 安装说明让初学者和高级玩家了解怎样安装。 11.When Peter got home he fell so tired that he was in no mood for preparing the report A. 当彼得回到家时他已经筋疲力尽了，根本没有精力去做报告。 B. 彼得回到家后觉得很累，对准备报告一片空白。 C. 当彼得回到家里他感到很累，根本没有心情去准备那份报告。 D. 彼得不想在报告中提到他回家时感到很累的问题。 12.Clearly，it is very important that a solution to the financial problem be found quickly A1很显然，迅速发现一个解决财政问题的出路是重要的。 B) 显然，当务之急是尽快找到解决财政问题的办法。 C) 很清楚，找到经济问题的答案是非常重要的。 D1显然地，这是个可以迅速解决经济问题的重要办法。 13.A word processor allows you to create a document and store it in electric form A) 文字处理器可以使你创建一个文件，并以电子的方式将它储存起来。 B) 文字处理器允许你创建文件，并可将它变成电子的形式。 C1你可以在文字系统里打开文件，然后再次储存到计算机中。 D) 你的文件在文字系统中，它是以电子的方式储存起来。 14.This book is also designed to be used by adult students who will be entering the world of business at the end of their course of studies A. 这本书同时也是为那些经商的成年人将来进一步学习深造时使用的。 B. 这本书也是为那些从事商业设计的成年学生毕业后进修学习使用的。 C. 这本书也是为那些课程结业后即将进入商界的成人学生使用而编写的。 D. 这本书的设计同时也是供那些将在毕业后进入商界的成人学生使用的。 15.For safety all passengers are required to review this card and follow these instructions when needed A. 为了安全，请各位乘客反复阅读本卡片，务必按照各项规定执行。 B. 为了保险起见，请各位乘客务必阅读本卡片，并参照相关内容认真执行。 C. 为了保险起见，要求所有乘客在需要时都能看到这张卡片及以下这些内容。 D. 为了安全，要求所有乘客仔细阅读本卡片各项内容，必要时照其执行。 16.Everybody here is well taken care of no matter what his position is A. 每个人都在这里得到好的照料，不管他的位置。 B. 每个人都在这里好好地照料，不管他的位置。 C. 这里的每个人都很好照顾，不管他的地位如何。 D. 这里的每个人都得到很好的照顾，不管他的地位如何。 17.It is well-knOWD that the more the old people use their brains the more mentally active they will be A. 这件事传开了，老人越多用脑，智力就越灵活。 B. 大家知道了，老人更多用脑，主动性更强。 C. 众所周知，老人用脑越多，智力就越活跃。 D. 众所周知，老人用脑越多，智力会更活跃。 18.It is commonly believed that the more complicated animals developed from the simpler ones A. 人们认为，复杂的动物是由简单的动物发展而来的。 B. 人们普遍认为，较高级的动物是由比较低级的动物进化而来的。 C. 人们一般认为，动物都是从简单到复杂转变而来的。 D. 它被相信，动物的变化都是从麻烦到简单。 19.Several complaints have been received from customers who have been sent the correcl orders with the wrong invoices and wrong orders with the correct invoices A. 从客户中已经收到一些投诉，他们被送到具有错误发票的正确订货和具有正确发票的错误订货。 B. 我们已收到那些正确订货和错误发票或错误订货和正确发票的客户的投诉。 C. 我们收到了不少客户的投诉说，有的人收到的订货是对的，但发票开错，有的订货有误，但发票没错。 D. 我们收到不少客户的投诉，他们中有的人收到了正确的订货和错误的发票，另一些人收到了错误的订货和正确的发票。 20.You may use this computer on condition that you are able to handle it properly so as not to damage it A. 这台计算机你可以使用，但如有损坏，你要有条件进行维修。 B. 只要你能正确地使用计算机，不损坏它，你就可以使用。 C. 你可以使用这台计算机，条件是如有损坏，你能维修。 D. 在有条件的情况下你可以使用计算机，千万别损坏它。 21.No sooner had he got off the train than his coat was taken off A. 他下火车不久，就脱下了大衣。 B. 他下火车不久，大衣就被偷走了。 C. 他刚一下火车，就脱下了大衣。 D. 他刚一下火车，大衣就被偷走了。 22.He has in mind not a particular group of readers but men and women in general A. 他所考虑的不是一个特殊的读者群，而是一般的男女读者。 B. 他所顾及的读者群不是普通男女而是特殊读者。 C. 他所考虑的是一般男女读者以及特殊的读者群。 D. 他所想象的并非某一群读者，而是总体上男女都有的读者。 23.Customers prefer to purchase our imported products though they seem to be higher in price A. 顾客情愿购买我们那些价格看上去较高的进口产品。 B. 虽然我们的进口产品价格似乎高了一些，顾客仍喜欢购买。 C. 消费者宁愿买我们的进口产品，不过它们的价格似乎高了一些。 D. 尽管我们的进口产品价格很高，人们虽不情愿但仍然购买。 24.Some interviewees lose their chance simply because they fail to display self-confidence A. 一些面试者失去了机会，简单地说就是因为他们显得不够自信。 B. 一些面试者因为不相信自身的能力而轻易地放弃了这次机会。