2022山西在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（6）.docx
2022山西在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（6）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _.Aslightly above averageBhigher than in the 1998 World CupCquite unexpectedDas high as in a standard match 2.A: Im sorry Im calling you so late. B: _ okey.AThis isBYoureCThatsDIm 3.One thing almost everyone is agreed on, including Americans, is that they place a very high valuation upon success. Success does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sortpreferably measurable. If a boy turns out to be a preacher (传道者) instead of a businessman, thats all right. But he bigger his church is, the more successful he is judged to be. A good many things contributed to this accent on success. There was the Puritan (清教徒的) belief in the virtue of work, both for its own sake and because the rewards it brought were regarded as signs of Gods love. There was the richness of opportunity in a land waiting to be settled. There was the lack of a settled society with fixed ranks and classes, so that a man was certain to rise through achievement. There was the determination of an immigrant to gain in the new world what had been denied to him in the old, and on the part of his children an urge to throw off the immigrant onus(负担) by still more success and still more rise in a fluid and classless society. Brothers did not compete within the family for the favor of the parents as in Europe, but worked hard for success in the outer world, along paths of their own choosing.In this passage, the author indicates that_.Apreachers are not as successful as businessmenBmeasurable success can also be achieved by preachersCboys are advised to become preachers instead of businessmenDbusinessmen are not as successful as preachers 4.Receptionist:_ Caller: Hello. Id like to book a double-room for next weekend.AHello. Can I help youBJust a moment, please.CGood morning, Royal Hotel.DHello. This is Joanne Taylor speaking. 5.Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was_.Aslightly above averageBhigher than in the 1998 World CupCquite unexpectedDas high as in a standard match 6.Host: Are you sure youre leaving now Its so early. Guest:_AYes, I must. I have an assignment due tomorrow morning.BIm afraid so. Thank you for your wonderful cooking.CI dont want to, but I have to.DI think its, already very late now. 7.One thing almost everyone is agreed on, including Americans, is that they place a very high valuation upon success. Success does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sortpreferably measurable. If a boy turns out to be a preacher (传道者) instead of a businessman, thats all right. But he bigger his church is, the more successful he is judged to be. A good many things contributed to this accent on success. There was the Puritan (清教徒的) belief in the virtue of work, both for its own sake and because the rewards it brought were regarded as signs of Gods love. There was the richness of opportunity in a land waiting to be settled. There was the lack of a settled society with fixed ranks and classes, so that a man was certain to rise through achievement. There was the determination of an immigrant to gain in the new world what had been denied to him in the old, and on the part of his children an urge to throw off the immigrant onus(负担) by still more success and still more rise in a fluid and classless society. Brothers did not compete within the family for the favor of the parents as in Europe, but worked hard for success in the outer world, along paths of their own choosing.The word "accent" (Line 1, Para. 2)most probably means_.AdialectBattentionCemphasisDrecognition 8.In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity The evidence shows that while variety certainly makes the worker s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important. There is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus, although freedom of choice may be important, usually very little can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much a worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the workers contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we make their jobs more interesting, they will want neither more money nor shorter working hours.Degree of the workers contribution is greater when _.Aa factory possesses more expertsBa factory has many small production linesCworkers enjoy more freedomDworkers work at a large production line 9.Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.The findings of the experiment show that _.Aerrors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballBthe farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsCthe more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurDerrors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 10.Man: Excuse me, Miss. Do you know where I can find file holders Saleswoman: You see the kitchenware there _AThen youll surely see file holders.BStationery is just one isle after that.CPens and pencils are together with file holders.DIts somewhere nearby. 11.Waiter:_ Customer: Yes, Ill have a cheeseburger, medium rare, with French fries.AWhat do you want to eatBHave you decided what to have yetCExcuse me, are you ready to order nowDExcuse me, but whod like to order 12.Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.The findings of the experiment show that_.Aerrors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballBthe farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsCthe more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurDerrors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 13.One thing almost everyone is agreed on, including Americans, is that they place a very high valuation upon success. Success does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sortpreferably measurable. If a boy turns out to be a preacher (传道者) instead of a businessman, thats all right. But he bigger his church is, the more successful he is judged to be. A good many things contributed to this accent on success. There was the Puritan (清教徒的) belief in the virtue of work, both for its own sake and because the rewards it brought were regarded as signs of Gods love. There was the richness of opportunity in a land waiting to be settled. There was the lack of a settled society with fixed ranks and classes, so that a man was certain to rise through achievement. There was the determination of an immigrant to gain in the new world what had been denied to him in the old, and on the part of his children an urge to throw off the immigrant onus(负担) by still more success and still more rise in a fluid and classless society. Brothers did not compete within the family for the favor of
