2022广西职称英语考试真题卷（1）.docx

2022广西职称英语考试真题卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，清根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B项；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。 BPlants in Desert/B Only special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions when the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75. Furthermore, during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plans from the sun s ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds that drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants,earing and damaging them. The most difficult probiem for all forms of plant life, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring. Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the fight amount ofrain falls. If no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time the water from the spring rains disappears just a few weeks after it falls such plants no longer need any. The perennials (多年生植物) have special features that enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in short time. The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation. Another feature of many perennials is that after the rainy season they 10se their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation (蒸发) duing the dry season. Then, in next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.Winter is the toughest season for the grasses and flowers to survive. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 2. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。 B第一篇/B BA Thirsty World/B The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This seems strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is from sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of iceberg (冰山) and glaciers (冰串). Even worse, some of it has been polluted. At the moment, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. However, our need for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on. A limited water supply would have a bad effect on agriculture and industry. In addition to stopping wasting our precious water, one useful step we should take is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this field, but only on a small scale. Today, in most large cities tanks, water is used only once and it eventually returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe water that has been used to a purifying (净化) plant. There it can be filtered (过滤) and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again just as it were fresh from a spring. But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the wodd.Which of the following statements, according to the passage, is NOT true AA limited water supply will affect industrial production.BEvery large city purifies and reuses its water.CPurified water is not exactly as fresh as spring water.DOceans are the largest water source. 3.B第二篇/B BStress Level Tied to Education Level/B People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. "Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward tums in their health." lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz,of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. "The downward tums in health were connected with daily stressors. and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged." Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. "If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor" Grzywacz says. "Maybe it is just life." stressor n.紧张刺激物 devastating adj.毁灭性的 follow-up n. (对病人的)随访The less advantaged people are, the greater _. Athe impact of stress on their health isBthe effect of education on their health isCthe level of their education isDthe degree of their health concem is 4.阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)14题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 25段每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第58题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。 Ford Fords great strength was the manufacturing process not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile.the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market. The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire .car, Fords friends, who were great toohnakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes. The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $ 5a day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $ 2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didnt involve all awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime", and critics everywhere laughed at Ford. But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible (可及的) to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matter except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars.The assembly line made it possible to _. 5.B第三篇/B BFlorida Hit by Cold Air Mass/B In January, 2003, the eastern two thirds of the United States was at the mercy of a bitterly cold air mass that has endangered Floridas citrus trees, choked 3 northern harbors with ice and leftbewildered residents of North Carolinas Outer Banks digging out of up to a foot of snow. The ice chill deepened as temperatures fell to the single digits in most of the South, with an unfamiliar dip below the freezing mark, as far South as parts of interior South Florida. Temperatures in Florida plunged, with West Palm Beach dropping to a record low of 2 degrees. "We couldnt believe how cold it was," said Martin King, who arrived this week in Orlando from England "We brought shorts, T-shirt, and I had to go out and buy another coat." The temperature plunge posed a threat to Floridas USS 9.1 billion-a-year citrus crop, more of which is still on the trees. Growers were hurrying to harvest as much of the fruit as possible before it was damaged by cold. "Time is of the essence in getting fruit to the plant," said Tom Rogers, a citrus grower who expected to see damage to oranges and grapefruit at that time. In Florida, Governor Jeb Bush signed an emergency order to eliminate the weight limit on trucks so citrus growers could get as much fruit to market as possible. Casey Pace, a spokeswoman for Florida Citrus Mutual, said growers had sprayed trees with sprinklers, which created a layer of ice and helped maintain a temperature near freezing. Citrus trees are considered in danger of damage if the temperature drops below minus 2 degrees Celsius for four hours or more. Snow ranging from a dusting to up to 30 centimeters blanketed the Carolinas, Tennessee and parts of Virginia. citrus n. 柠檬，柑橘；柑橘属果树 bewilder v. 使迷惑；使为难；弄糊涂 sprinklern. 洒水器；洒水手 Celsius adj.摄氏的 shorts n. 宽松运动裤；男式短衬裤Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph ASprinklers were used to protect citrus trees from being damaged.BCitrus uees would be damaged if the temperature drops below minus 2C for four hoursCThe Carolinas, Tennessee and parts of Virginia were covered with snow.DFlorida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers. 6. 阅读短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并填入题前的括号内。 Where Did All the Ships Go The Bermuda Triangle is one (1) the greatest mysteries of the sea. In this triangular area between Florida, Puerto Rico and Bermuda in Atlantic, ships and airplanes (2) to disappear more often than in (3) parts of the ocean. And they do so (4) leaving any sign of all accident or any dead bodies. It is (5) that Christopher Columbus was the first person to record strange happenings in the area. His compass stopped working, a flame came down from the sky, and a wave 100 to 200 feet high carried his ship about a mile away. The most famous disappearance in the Bermuda Triangle was the US Naval Air Flight 19. (6) December 5, 1945, five bomber planes carrying 14 men. (7) on a training mission from the Florida coast. Later that day, all communications with Flight 19 were lost. They just disappeared without a trace. The next morning, 242 planes and 19 ships took part in the largest air-sea search in history. But they found nothing. Some people blame the disappearances (8) supernatural forces. It is suggested the (9) ships and planes were either transported to other times and places, kidnapped by aliens (10) attacked by sea creatures. There are (11) natural explanations, though. The US Navy says that the Bermuda triangle is one of two places on earth (12) a magnetic compass points towards tree north (13) magnetic north. (14) planes and ships can lose their way if they dont make adjustments. The area also has changing weather and is know (15) its high waves. Storms can turn up suddenly and destroy a plane or ship. Fast currents could then sweep away any trace of an accident. Bermuda Triangle 百慕大三角区 Pueto Rico 波多利加 compassn. 罗盘，指南针 supernatural adj.超自然的 kidnap v.绑架 alien n.外星人 magnetic adj. 有磁性的 1. A. from B. of C. about D. on 2. A. often B. look C. sometimes D. seem 3. A. rest B. another C. other D. others 4. A. without B. by C. from D. upon 5. A. saying B. being said C. said D. says 6. A. On B. In C. From D. Since 7. A. took up B. took as C. took after D. took off 8. A. for B. about C. on D. from 9. A. missing B. missed C. miss D. having missed 10. A. and B. or C. nor D. neither 11. A. also B. no C. more D. beside 12. A. which B. there C. where D. that 13. A. instead of B. except C. than D. nor 14. A. Similarly B. Furthermore C. However D. Therefore 15. A. as B. for C. by D. from 7. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。 B第一篇/B BA Thirsty World/B The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This seems strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is from sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of iceberg (冰山) and glaciers (冰串). Even worse, some of it has been polluted. At the moment, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. However, our need for water is increasing rapidly. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on. A limited water supply would have a bad effect on agriculture and industry. In addition to stopping wasting our precious water, one useful step we should take is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this field, but only on a small scale. Today, in most large cities tanks, water is used only once and it eventually returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe water that has been used to a purifying (净化) plant. There it can be filtered (过滤) and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again just as it were fresh from a spring. But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the wodd.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by._. Aheating