2022年美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试模拟卷（6）.docx

2022年美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试模拟卷（6）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.A 20-year-old woman has just been diagnosed with Crohns disease. She has lost 10 lb (4.5kg) and has cramps and occasional diarrhe().A. The nurse should include which of the following when doing a nutritional assessmentA. Let the client eat as desired during hospitalization.B. Weigh the client daily.C. Ask the client to list what she eats during a typical day.D. Place the client on IO status and draw blood for electrolyte levels.2.Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suspect dehydration in a preterm neonateA. Bulging fontanels.B. Excessive weight gain.C. Urine specific gravity below 1.012.D. Urine output below 1 mL/hour. 3.A client with hepatitis A expresses concern that his friends may also acquire hepatitis. Which of the following is most commonly used for prophylactic treatment of people exposed to hepatitis AA. Penicillin.B. Sulfadiazine (Microsulfon).C. Immune serum globulin.D. Interferon. 4.A client with a spinal cord injury and subsequent urine retention receives intermittent catheterization every 4 hours. The average catheterized urine volume has been 550mL. What should the nurse doA. Increase the frequency of the catheterizations.B. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.C. Place the client on fluid restrictions.D. Use a condom catheter instead of an invasive on 5.A neonate receives an Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 5-minute Apgar score is more predictive for which of the followingA. Residual neurologic damage.B. Residual respiratory depression.C. Congenital heart defects.D. Gestational age of the neonat 6.While inspecting the clients chest, the nurse notes that the chest wall contracts on inspiration and bulges on expiration. The nurse suspects which of the following problem from this assessmentA. Hemothorax.B. Flail chest.C. Pneumothorax.D. Tension pneumothorax. 7.A client in a psychiatric clinic unit tells the nurse, "I dont think I can face going home tomorrow. " The nurse replies, "Do you want to talk more about it" The nurse is using which of the following techniquesA. Presenting reality.B. Making observations.C. Restating.D. Explorin 8.The nurse instructs the client with diabetes mellitus that it is vital to recognize and treat hypoglycemia promptly based on which of the following knowledgeA. Hypoglycemia can cause brain damage.B. Hypoglycemia necessitates increased insulin dosage.C. The client may become dehydrated quickly.D. The client may become confused, increasing the risk of injury. 9.A client with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus who is a multigravida visits the clinic at 28 weeks gestation. Which of the following instruction by the nurse is appropriate for the clientA. Nonstress testing is performed weekly until 32 weeks gestation.B. Weekly fetal movement counts are made by the mother.C. Contraction stress testing is performed weekly.D. Induction of labor is begun at 34 weeks gestation. 10.Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in a client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidismA. Hypocalcemia.B. Hypercalcemia.C. Hyperphosphatemia.D. Hypophosphaturi 11.A client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism has been started on propylthiouracil (PTU) as drug therapy. The nurse should closely observe the client for which of the following side effectsA. Unusual bleeding or bruising.B. Hypertension.C. Hypokalemia.D. Peripheral edem 12.A client with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus is learning about diabetic foot care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates further instruction is neededA. "I should use lotions. "B. "I should use antiperspirants. "C. "I should use foot soaks. "D. "I should use nail files. " 13.Parents of a child with cystic fibrosis demonstrate knowledge of the effects of hot weather on their child when they state that hot weather is hazardous because the child has which of the followingA. Poor ability to concentrate urine.B. Little skin pigment to prevent sunburn.C. Poorly functioning temperature control center.D. Abnormally high salt loss through perspiration. 14.When assessing a client as a candidate for crutch walking, the nurse should take into account that for some elderly people, crutch walking is an impractical goal primarily because which of the following reasonA. Decreased reaction time.B. Decreased visual acuity.C. Decreased motor coordination.D. Decreased level of comprehension. 15.The nurse discusses discharge plan with the parents of a child following a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize the need to seek prompt health careA. Headaches and nausea.B. Fatigue and lassitude.C. Skin rash and itching.D. Sore throat and fever. 16.As part of the annual health screening, the nurse visits the eighth-grade physical education classes and asks each student to bend forward at the waist with the back parallel to the floor and the hands together at midline. For which of the following is the nurse assessingA. Slipped epiphysis.B. Developmental dysplasia of hip.C. Idiopathic scoliosis.D. Physical dexterity. 17.Which of the following criteria would be a reliable indicator of improvement in a patient who has a diagnosis of anorexia nervosaA. Electrolyte balance.B. Energy level.C. Fluid intake.D. Desire to eat. 18.The nurse is administering sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) to the client. Immediately afterward, the client may experience which of the following symptomsA. Nervousness or paresthesia.B. Throbbing headache or dizziness.C. Drowsiness or blurred vision.D. Tinnitus or diplopi 19.Which of the following concepts would the nurse incorporate into the plan of care for a 4-year-old child to psychologically prepare the child for cardiac catheterizationA. Anxiety decreases when a preschooler is protected from learning about unpleasant events.B. Preschoolers are unable to understand the procedure.C. Little psychological preparation can be given to preschoolers.D. Preparation is a joint responsibility of the physician, parents, and nurs 20.Oxytocin (Pitocin) is administrated to a client during labor. Which of the following is the most serious adverse effect associated with oxytocinA. Water intoxication.B. Tetanic contractions.C. Elevated blood pressure.D. Early decelerations of fetal heart rat 21.The client with cirrhosis is put on a sodium-restricted diet and a diuretic. The nurse would expect to administer a potassium-sparing diuretic. Which of the follow is a potassium-sparing diureticA. Furosemide (Lasix).B. Spironolactone (Aldactone).C. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL).D. Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin). 22.Which of the following case meets the criteria for involuntary commitmentA. A single parent who leaves her minor children unattended and stays out all night drinking.B. A person who lives alone and isnt able to care for himself and has schizophrenia with delusions of persecution.C. A man who threatens to kill his wife.D. A person with depression who says hes tired of living but doesnt have a suicide plan. 23.A 6-week-old female infant exhibits dry scaly skin and a protruding tongue after having trouble breast-feeding. A diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism is made. The mother asks the nurse why the child was not diagnosed with this condition at birth. Which of the following would be the nurses best responseA. "We had the results of the newborn screen, but you did not bring the baby in for the 2-week checkup. "B. "We could not reach you at home to give you the results of tests taken at birth. "C. "Your baby had little need for thyroid hormone until she was 1 month old. "D. "Newborns generally receive enough thyroid hormone from the mother to get by the first few weeks. " 24.A client with intrauterine growth retardation is admitted to the labor and delivery unit and started on an IV infusion of oxytocin (Pitocin). Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in her plan of careA. Monitoring vital signs, including assessment of fetal well-being, every 15 to 30 minutes.B. Allowing the client to ambulate as tolerated.C. Helping the client use breathing exercises to manage her contractions.D. Carefully titrating the oxytocin based on her pattern of labor. 25.The nurse discusses with the 4-year-old child and parents the plan of care that will be implemented when the child returns from the throat surgery. Which of the following interventions should the nurse emphasizeA. Need for frequent coughing.B. Use of acetylsalicylic acid for pain, as needed.C. Ability to have ice cream right after surgery.D. Use of sips of clear liquids when awake and alert. 26.Opiate withdrawal causes severe physical discomfort and can be life-threatening. To minimize these effects, opiate users are commonly detoxified with which drugA. Barbiturates.B. Amphetamines.C. Methadone.D. Benzodiazepines. 27.Which of the following factors would be most important in selecting the needle length to use for a subcutaneous injection of hydromorphone hydrochlorideA. The diameter of the needle.B. The amount of adipose tissue at the administration site.C. The amount of medication to be administered.D. The viscosity of the solution to be injecte 28.Which outcome would indicate successful treatment of diabetes insipidusA. Fluid intake of less than 2,500 mL in 24 hours.B. Urine output of more than 200 mL/hour.C. Blood pressure of 90/50 mmHg.D. Pulse rate of 126 beats/minut 29.The primary reason for withholding food and fluids from a client who will receive general anesthesia is to help preventA. constipation during the immediate postoperative period.B. vomiting and possible aspiration of vomitus during surgery.C. pressure on the diaphragm with poor lung expansion during surgery.D. gas pains and distention during the immediate postoperative perio 30.Which of the following laboratory tests is considered the most reliable indicator of renal functionA. BUN.B. Urinalysis.C. Serum potassium.D. Serum creatinin 31.When caring for a client with ulcerative colitis, the nurse should include which of the following nursing interventions in the plan of careA. Encouraging the use of stool softeners.B. Suggesting sitz baths as needed.C. Arrange for the client to have a private bathroom.D. Wearing a gown to provide direct car 32.All of the following would be appropriate interventions for a client with acute epididymitis EXCEPT which of the followingA. Maintaining bed rest.B. Elevating the testes.C. Applying ice packs intermittently.D. Applying hot packs to the scrotum. 33.Prevention of preterm births is vital for which of the following reasonsA. Its costly to care for these neonates.B. These neonates are usually mentally retarded.C. Preterm birth causes high incidence of the neonatal deaths.D. These neonates usually wind up with long-term health care needs. 34.The nurse is caring for a client who exhibits signs of somatization. Which of the following statements is most relevantA. Clients with somatization are cognitively impaired.B. Anxiety rarely coexists with somatization.C. Somatization exists when medical evidence supports the symptoms.D. Clients with somatization often have lengthy medical records. 35.Eight hours after catheterization, the postoperative client with abdominal hysterectomy has not voided. The client tells the nurse, "I dont think I can urinate. " What should the nurse doA. Call and inform the surgeon of the clients status.B. Administer additional pain medication.C. Increase the clients fluid intake.D. Assess the clients bladder. 36.The physician decides to artificially rupture the membranes. Following this procedure, the nurse needs to check the fetal heart tones. Why should the nurse do soA. To determine fetal well-being.B. To prepare for an imminent delivery.C. To assess for prolapsed cord.D. To assess fetal position. 37.The skin lesions evident in herpes zoster are similar to those seen in which diseaseA. Impetigo.B. Syphilis.C. Varicella.D. Rubell 38.The nurse is caring for a client who has a history of alcohol abuse. Why would the client act as if he didnt have a problemA. The client has never taken the CAGE questionnaire.B. Denial is a defense mechanism commonly used by alcoholics.C. Thought processes are distorted.D. Alcohol is expensiv 39.The nurse must assess judgment to determine a clients mental status. Which test best accomplishes thisA. Interpreting proverbs.B. Spelling words backward.C. Counting by serial sevens.D. Discussing hypothetical ethical situations. 40.The client has a newly positive Mantoux skin test although she does not have active tuberculosis. Which medical therapy would be appropriate for herA. Reevaluating the clients condition every 6 months.B. Performing a repeat skin test every 6 months.C. Administering isoniazid for about 9 months.D. Administering isoniazid until the skin test reverts to negativ 41.An 89-year-old client is suffering from dementia of the Alzheimers type. Which intervention would be most useful in managing his dementiaA. Provide a safe environment.B. Provide a stimulating environment.C. Avoid the use of touch.D. Use restraints whenever necessary. 42.The nurse identifies a clients responses to actual or potential health problems during which step of the nursing processA. Assessment.B. Analysis.C. Planning.D. Evaluation. 43.Which of the following would the nurse do for a 4-year-old girl who has just had a lumbar punctureA. Administer narcotic analgesic for insertion site pain.B. Encourage the parents to hold the child.C. Ensure the child lies flat for at least 8 hours.D. Place a sandbag over the puncture site for 3 hours. 44.Hormonal effects of the antipsychotic medications include which of the followingA. Retrograde ejaculation and gynecomastia.B. Dysmenorrhea and increased vaginal bleeding.C. Polydipsia and dysmenorrhea.D. Akinesia and dysphasi 45.A 22-year-old client is diagnosed with dependent personal