2022年河南职称英语考试模拟卷（5）.docx

2022年河南职称英语考试模拟卷（5）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.How to Do Well In Exam Do not underestimated(低估) the power of revision in the days and hours before and examination. The closer you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storing and retaining crucial information. But do not overdo it._(46). An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up to your first exam, get into the habit of being up and ready to work by game. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it. On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack two of everything you need ( pens, pencils, erasers, etc. ) ,then make your way to the examination hall in good time._(47). Once in your seat, simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts. Close your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a short period reading through all the instructions and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as "discuss", "compare" and "evaluate". _(48). It is always wise to allow 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers. Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence when you see a well-answered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afraid to express the unexpected: after all, examiners can get very bored marking stereotypical(千篇一律的) answers. _(49). If you do need something else to focus on to help you collect your thoughts, choose a fixture(固定设施) in the room, such as the ceilingor anything else that will not allow you to be distracted. Finally, once you have finished, never hang around outside afterwards to attend the discussion by other students._( 50 ) .A. Try not to be tempted to look at those around you, or at the clock.B. When you get home, read the examination paper through and look up the words you didnt understand.C. Sleep, exercise and relaxation are all just as important.D. Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how much time you should spend on each question.E. Go and have a well-earned restthen prepare for your next exam.F. Do not arrive too early, though, as other peoples anxiety can be contagious(传染性的), and you may suffer from undue panic. 2.Hints for Reading Practice1. Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some specific regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always made it a rule to spend at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p. m. or 2. 30 a. m. made no difference.2. Nearly all "Speed Reading" courses have a "pacing"some timing device which lets the studentsknow how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached.3. Obviously there is little point in increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, re-read the section or chapter.4. Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading at the time. Read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not bother about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this "lightning speed" reading for an extended period of time, you will usually find that your "normal" speed has increased.5. Most paragraphs in an article have a "a topic sentence" which expresses the central ideas. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the piece, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence of what has been said.A. The Organization of an ArticleB. An Effective Way to Increase Reading SpeedC. Set Aside Time Each DayD. Check Your ComprehensionE. Check Your Reading SpeedF. Hints for Reading PracticeParagraph 3 3.Natural Medicines Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment. Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured. How By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however. Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of todays most serious diseases. Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature. Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because the earths supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.Which of the following statements is NOT trueAMany big and modern hospitals are expensive.BModern medicines are now available all over the world.CTraditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.DHumans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days. 4.How to Be a Nurse The physicians in a hospital form the core of the medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. From the view point of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital. A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. Under the supervision of the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend to patients needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. Some take turns working night duty; others work odd shifts. All of them work out of a central area on the ward called the nurses station. A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital. Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession.Why dont nurses study for as many years as doctorsAMost nurses work long days.BThey dont treat patients for illness and injury.CCaring for sick patients requires patience and concern.DThey are not dedicated. 5.Food Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the university of Massachusetts Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe. "The streets would be littered with people lying here and there." Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plants weight is made up of natural pesticides(杀虫剂) . Says he; "Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare. " And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogensa substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms (蘑菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University:" Weve got far worst natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made. " Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to the terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink. To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicals.ARightBWrongCNot Mentioned 6.Heart Attack In the United States, and especially in big cities and rural areas, tens of thousands of people with hearts that should be good to keep them alive die each year for lack of adequate first aid. In New York City, for example, a new study has shown that only one person in 100 outside of hospitals after the heart suddenly stops pumping. In contrast, in Seattle, the survival after such heart attacks is one in five. "The difference can be traced the effectiveness of the chain of survival", Dr. Joseph P. Ornato said. " Each link in the must be strong enough for many lives to be ". The chain begins with an immediate telephone for emergency help and the start within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the working, by a family member or bystander (旁观者). It continues with the prompt arrival-within eight ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a special instrument that can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm. And it ends with the administration (给予, 实施) of advanced (先进) emergency care by nurses to maintain the hearts ability to survive until the doctors at the hospitals can take When one or more links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the of a victim surviving heart attack falls rapidly. Because of widespread weaknesses in the chain of , experts in emergency heart care estimate that 20,000 to 80,000 people needlessly of heart attack each year, a number comparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile . One expert says, "Sending an emergency vehicle to a heart attack victim, the special equipment is like having policemen with guns but no bullets. They may put on a good show, but they lack the weapon needed to get the job done."AdiesBstopsCsurvivesDwakes 7.Food Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the university of Massachusetts Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe. "The streets would be littered with people lying here and there." Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plants weight is made up of natural pesticides(杀虫剂) . Says he; "Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare. " And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogensa substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms (蘑菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University:" Weve got far worst natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made. " Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to the terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink. To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.By saying "they employ chemical warfare" Line 4, Para. 2, Bruse Ames means "plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and disease. "ARightB