八上英语unit1SectionA-2.ppt
Unit 1Where did you go on vacation?Section APeriod 2 (3a-3c)不定代词不定代词不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。常见不定代词容词的代词叫做不定代词。常见不定代词如下所示：如下所示：some 一些一些somebody 某人某人someone 某人某人something 某事某事; 某物某物nothing 无物无物all 全体；全部全体；全部both 两个两个(都都)none 没人或物没人或物（指两个以上）（指两个以上）other(s) 另一个另一个（些）（些）another 另外一另外一个；又一个个；又一个much 很多很多many 很多很多anybody 任何任何人人anyone 任何人任何人anything 任何任何事物事物no 无无nobody 无人无人no one 无人无人neither 没人或物没人或物 （指两个当中）（指两个当中）either 任何一个任何一个（指两个当中）（指两个当中）each 每个每个every 每个每个everybody 每人；每人；大家；人人大家；人人everyone 每人每人everything 每一每一件事物；一切件事物；一切few 很少很少a few 一些；几一些；几个个little 很少很少a little 一些一些one 一个一个(人或人或物物)不定代词的用法中有几点需要注意：不定代词的用法中有几点需要注意：1. some 和和any 既可修饰可数名词复数，也既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。可修饰不可数名词。some 多用于肯定句，多用于肯定句，any则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。例如：例如： 但是，在但是，在Would you like some tea? 这类这类问句中则用问句中则用some, 而不用而不用any, 这是因为问这是因为问话者希望得到对方肯定的答复。话者希望得到对方肯定的答复。 A: Are there any apples in the fridge? B: Yes, there are some. / No, there arent any. A: Is there any water in the bottle? B: Yes, there is some water. / No, there isnt any water.1.There are _ tables in the room, but there arent _ chairs.2. Would you like _ milk?3. Will you give me _ paper?Fill in the blanks with some or any.someanysomesome2. 由由some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。例如：用单数第三人称形式。例如： Something is wrong with my watch. Well, everyone wants to win. Nobody knows what the future will be like. There is something for everyone at Greenwood Park.3. 除除no one 以外，其他复合不定代词都写以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。成一个词。4. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后。例如：其后。例如： Did anyone see something good at the cinema? For lunch, we had something very special-Malaysian yellow noodles. Do you have anything to say?1. I have three pens. One is red, _ two are black. A. another B. other C. the other D. the others 2. I have two sisters. One is a farmer, _ is a driver. A. other B. others C. the other D. another Choose the right answers.CC3. There is _ water left in the bottle. Would you go and get some? A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 4. There are several bottles on the desk. A. a lot of B. many C. a few D. few5. There isnt _ in todays newspaper. A. anything interesting B. something interesting C. nothing interesting D. interesting anything ACAFill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation.3aLinda: Did you do _ fun on your vacation, Alice?Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so _ was really interesting.anyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothinganythingeverythingLinda: Did you go with _?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: Of course! I bought _ for my parents, but _ for myself.Linda: Why didnt you buy _ for yourself?Alice: I didnt really see _ I liked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganything3bFill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box. anything everything nothing everyone no oneDear Bill,How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. anythingeveryone_ was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. Theywere so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in theevening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now!MarkEverythingnothingno one3cAsk your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results.Did you Everyone Someone (write classmates name)No oneeat anything at a restaurant?read anything interesting?visit anyone in your family?buy anything?keep a diaryWhere did go on vacation?stayed at homeWhere did go on vacation?went to Sanya/ the beachWhere did go on vacation?went shoppingWhere did go on vacation?went to a friends farm一般过去时一般过去时构成构成用法用法动词的过去式动词的过去式1. 表示表示过去过去某个时间发某个时间发生的生的动作动作或存在的或存在的状态状态。2. 表示表示过去过去经常经常或或反复反复发生的动作。发生的动作。(the day before) yesterdaylast night / weekin 1990 / just nowOn Sunday morningtwo days ago一般过去时一般过去时常用时间状语常用时间状语 SentencesI did my homework yesterday.I played soccer last Sunday.I cleaned my room last week.I went to the beach three years ago.I played tennis with my friends last weekend.I went to the movies three days ago.He was here only a few minutes ago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I came home just now.我刚回到家。我刚回到家。 I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他又迟到了。今天他又迟到了。动词过去式动词过去式的构成的构成规则动词规则动词regular verbs不规则动词不规则动词irregular verbs1. 动词动词be的变化：的变化：waswere am isare 2. 助动词助动词do的变化：的变化： do did (在过去时里助动词在过去时里助动词do没有人称没有人称和数的变化和数的变化) 如：如：Did you play soccer yesterday? Did he play soccer yesterday? b）动词变化规则）动词变化规则 规则变化规则变化1. 直接加直接加ed：work worked looklooked playplayed 2. 以以e结尾的单词，直接加结尾的单词，直接加d： live lived hopehoped useused3 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i加加ed：study studied carrycarried worryworried 4 以元音字母以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy enjoyed playplayed 5 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母母+ed：stop stopped planplanned 规则动词过去式词尾规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音的读音在浊辅音和元音在浊辅音和元音后面后面 /d/ /d/ moved / moved /mu:vdmu:vd/ / 在清辅音后面在清辅音后面/t/t/ passed / passed /pa:stpa:st/ /在浊辅音和元音在浊辅音和元音后面后面/id/id/needed /needed /ni:didni:did/ /am, iswas areweregowent dodidhavehad comecametaketook saysaideatate seesawgetgot putputsleepslept givegavewritewrote readread动词不规则变化动词不规则变化/red/buybought sitsat runran swim swam makemade feelfelt hearheard growgrew telltold knowknew findfoundbeginbegan bring broughtstandstood spendspentcatchcaught teachtaught动词不规则变化动词不规则变化句子构成句子构成:系动词系动词be的过去时的过去时. am (is) was are were陈述句：陈述句：He was at home yesterday.否定句：否定句：He wasnt at home yesterday.疑问句：疑问句：Was he at home yesterday? Yes, he was./ No, he wasnt.行为动词的一般过去时行为动词的一般过去时:陈述句：主语陈述句：主语+动词过去式动词过去式+其它其它I go to the movie. 否定句：主语否定句：主语+助动词助动词didnt+动词原形动词原形+其它其它I dont go to school today. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Did +主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其它其它Do you have breakfast? I went to the movie.I didnt go to school.Did you have breakfast?Yes, I do./ No, I dont.Yes, I did./No, I didnt.Past 过去过去Now 现在现在go to the moviesdo my homeworkplay tennisplay soccerclean the roomwent to the moviesdid my homeworkplayed tennisplayed soccercleaned the roomHe was here only a few minutes ago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I came home just now.我刚回到家。我刚回到家。 I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他又迟到了。今天他又迟到了。动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；bebe用用waswas或用或用werewere, , have,hashave,has变变hadhad；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加一般动词加- -eded，若是特殊得硬记。，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后否定句很简单，主语之后didndidnt t添；添；疑问句也不难，疑问句也不难，diddid放在主语前；放在主语前；如果谓语之前有如果谓语之前有diddid，谓语动词需还原谓语动词需还原；动词若是动词若是was,werewas,were, ,否定就把否定就把notnot添。添。 Did you do your homework yesterday? Did she play soccer last Sunday? Did he clean his homework last week?Was it? 改成一般疑问句改成一般疑问句 Did they have a ? Did Tom and Jack study? Did your father go to? didnt do didnt play didnt cleannot改成否定句改成否定句 didnt have didnt go didnt study1. - How _ your vacation? - It was pretty good.A. was B. were C. did2. - Where _ they go yesterday? - They went to the Summer Palace. A. are B. do C. did3. - Where did you go on vacation? - I _ my grandma. A. visit B. visited C. visitsChoose the right answers.4. - Did she _ to the movies? - No. She went to the party. A. goes B. go C. went5. Betty stayed at home and _ for the test last weekend.A. study B. studies C. studied6. - _ your mother go fishing? - No, she didnt. She went shopping.A. Does B. Is C. Did1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. _ she _ (practice) the guitar yesterday? No, she _.3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _ (read) an interesting book.Fill in the blanks with the right form of each word.hadDidpracticedidntdiddowatchedread4. They all _ (go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. She _ (not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _ (do) some cleaning.wentdidnt visitstayeddid1. Lucy did her homework at home.（改否（改否定句）定句） Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2. He found some meat in the fridge（冰（冰箱）箱）.（变一般疑问句（变一般疑问句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge?Change the sentences.didntdoDidfindany3. There was some orange in the cup.(变一变一般疑问句般疑问句) _ there _ orange in the cup?4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）（一般疑问句） _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? WasanyDidread
