2022重庆职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（6）.docx

2022重庆职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（6）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 2.1. Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents DifferentlyIt is already known that aircraft crashes are mostly caused by young and inexperienced pilots.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 3.Some Things We Know about Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek. A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.Which of the following statement is INCORRECTA. Language is a means of expressing a particular culture.B. All languages can well express their respective Cultures.C. Some primitive languages can also express their cultures.D. Some primitive languages are better than other languages.4.Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the drivers seat, starts up the car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadnt stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isnt real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isnt really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel. The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting or whether any distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations. "Were looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers," said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor leading the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual Cues. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy vs. light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people "get into more challenging driving situations, they dont have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the environment," Baldwin said. But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information and how those methods change the drivers mental workload. "Is it best if they see a picture.that shows their position, a map kind of display" Baldwin said. "Is it best if they hear it" Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route. "Theyre very unforgiving," Baldwin said. "If you miss a turn, they can almost seem to get angry." That style of directions also can be frustrating for people who prefer more general instructions. But such broad directions can confuse drivers who prefer route directions, Baldwin said. Perhaps manufacturers should allow drivers to choose the style of directions they want, or modify systems to present some information in a way that makes sense10 for people who prefer the survey style, she said. Interestingly, other research has shown that about 60 percent of men prefer the survey style, while 60 percent women prefer the route style, Baldwin said. This explains the classic little thing of why men dont like to stop and ask for directions and women do, Baldwin added.The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchersA. are designing a visual navigational information system.B. are designing an audio navigational information system.C. are designing an audio-visual navigational information system.D. want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system.5.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 6.Ancient Egypt Brought down by Famine 7.Some Things We Know about Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek. A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.According to the author language changes are most likely to occur in _.A. grammarB. pronunciationC. vocabularyD. intonation8.1. Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents DifferentlyBoth male and female pilots flying general aviating(private) aircraft are under great stress.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 9.Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the drivers seat, starts up the car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadnt stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isnt real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isnt really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel. The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting or whether any distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations. "Were looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers," said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor leading the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual Cues. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy vs. light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people "get into more challenging driving situations, they dont have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the environment," Baldwin said. But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information and how those methods change the drivers mental workload. "Is it best if they see a picture.that shows their position, a map kind of display" Baldwin said. "Is it best if they hear it" Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route. "Theyre very unforgiving," Baldwin said. "If you miss a turn, they can almost seem to get angry." That style of directions also can be frustrating for people who prefer more general instructions. But such broad directions can confuse drivers who prefer route directions, Baldwin said. Perhaps manufacturers should allow drivers to choose the style of directions they want, or modify systems to present some information in a way that makes sense10 for people who prefer the survey style, she said. Interestingly, other research has shown that about 60 percent of men prefer the survey style, while 60 percent women prefer the route style, Baldwin said. This explains the classic little thing of why men dont like to stop and ask for directions and women do, Baldwin added.What kind of directions do men and women preferA. Women prefer more general directions and men prefer route directions.B. Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route directions.C. Both men and women prefer general directions.D. Both men and women prefer route directions.10.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 11.Ancient Egypt Brought down by Famine 12.1. Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents DifferentlyThe research data involved more than 400 pilots aged 40 -63.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 13.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 14.1. Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents DifferentlyThe majority of the crashes are due to bad weather conditions.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 15.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 16.1. Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents DifferentlyLoss of control on landing or takeoff and stalling is the most common error of crash with female pilots.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 18.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 19.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 20.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 21.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 22.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 23.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 24.On the Net Friends Come and Go, Talking of. 25.The Cold Places 26.Problems of Anxiety 27.E-commerce 28.The Body Clock 29.The Cold Places 30.Tatoo 31.E-commerce 32.The Cold Places 33.Tatoo 34.The Body Clock 35.Problems of Anxiety 36.E-commerce 37.The Cold Places 38.Tatoo 39.Problems of Anxiety 40.The Body Clock 41.The Cold Places 42.E-commerce 43.Tatoo 44.Problems of Anxiety 45.The Body Clock 46.E-commerce 47.The Cold Places 48.Tatoo 49.Problems of Anxiety 50.E-commerce第15页 共15页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页第 15 页 共 15 页