概要写作公开课.pptx

作文突破概要写作 Learning contentswhat the summary writing isthe criteria(标准) of a good summary writinghow to write a good summary writingWhat is “summary writing”?A summary writing is a brief restatement of the essential thought of a longer composition. 概要是一篇较长文章概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用，它要求用尽量少的语言尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的本部分的准确准确再现。再现。What makes a good summary writing? 考试说明考试说明中评分标准规定概要写作阅卷时按中评分标准规定概要写作阅卷时按个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档（个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档（21-25points）：）：1. 理解准确，涵盖全部理解准确，涵盖全部要点要点；2. 能准确使用相应的能准确使用相应的语法语法结构和结构和词汇词汇；3. 完全使用完全使用自己的语言自己的语言；4. 有效使用了语句间的有效使用了语句间的连接成分连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧，使完成的概要结构紧凑。凑。(词数词数60-80）language skills (语言语言)contents (内容内容)structure (结构结构)少于少于60或多于或多于80，扣，扣2分分How to write a good summary writingDecide the style and topic of the passageGet the key information and the structure of the passage (捕捉关键信息，把握结构)Refine the points and paraphrase in your own words(提炼要点，改写句子)Add conjunctions and form a passage(布局谋篇)Check (检查)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Discussion about it is increasingly heated around the world.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart diseases. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the greatest amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved,therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families have genetic diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about genetic diseases. But gene technology can solve their problem perfectly. Sometimes just need to find the wrong gene and correct it , and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to create human beings in large quantities. In the past few days , scientists have succeeded in cloning animals such as mice, sheep, and dogs;therefore, these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned and that it would be beyond control, leading to some disastrous consequences. But many believe that cloned babies will come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way and they also believe measures will be taken to control the gene technology.记叙文记叙文说明文说明文议论文议论文 分清论点、论据和结论分清论点、论据和结论抓住事物的定义、特征、抓住事物的定义、特征、对介绍说明的事物的整体认知对介绍说明的事物的整体认知Step 1: Decide the style and topic of the article把握六大要素：事件的时间、地点、把握六大要素：事件的时间、地点、人物、起因、经过、结果人物、起因、经过、结果Step 1: Decide the style and topic of the article1. What is the style of the passage?A. Argumentation(议论文议论文) B. Exposition (说明文说明文)C. Essay D. Story 2. What is the topic of the passage?3. What is discussed in the passage? Gene technologyThe benefits of gene technology and different viewstowards it.Step 2: Underline or circle the key information.Para. 1: Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes,or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Discussion about it is increasingly heated around the world.Discussion about the research of gene technology is increasingly heated around the world.Tip 1 : Pay attention to the first sentence and the last sentence Para. 2:The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart diseases. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the greatest amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved,therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span can be prolonged.Gene technology can cure serious diseases, such as cancer and heart diseases.Tip 2 Pay attention to the transitional words(过渡词过渡词) : however, on the contrary , but, yet, still, therefore,etc. Para. 2:The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart diseases. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the greatest amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved,therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span can be prolonged.Gene technology can cure serious diseases, benefits the economy and human life span can be prolonged .Para. 3:Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families have genetic diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about genetic diseases. But gene technology can solve their problem perfectly. Sometimes just need to find the wrong gene and correct it , and a healthy child will be born.1. Which kind of people need the help of gene technology?2. How can the gene technology be applied to helping them? Gene technology can help people with genetic disease to give birth to healthy and clever children by correcting wrong gene.Para. 4:Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to create human beings in large quantities. In the past few days , scientists have succeeded in cloning animals such as mice, sheep, and dogs;therefore, these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned and that it would be beyond control, leading to some disastrous consequences. But many believe that cloned babies will come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way and they also believe measures will be taken to control the gene technology.Step 3 Rewrite the sentenceTip1: change words and phrases （替换字词）（替换字词）Tip2: change the part of speech （改变词性）（改变词性）Tip3：change sentence patterns （改变句式）（改变句式） 1. 用主动与被动互换用主动与被动互换 2. which 的非限制性定语从句的非限制性定语从句 3. 非谓语表达非谓语表达 4. 并列句并列句 5. It 形式主语形式主语或者或者宾语宾语 6. 状语从句状语从句以及状语从句的以及状语从句的省略省略 7. 强调句等特殊句式强调句等特殊句式 8. 反向表达反向表达Para.1 : Discussion about the research of gene technology is increasingly heated around the world. discussion=_research=_increasingly heated around the world=_be discussed/be talked aboutstudygain increasing worldwide attentionbecome the focus of worldwide attentionbecome more and more fierce worldwidePara.1 : Discussion about the research of gene technology is increasingly heated around the world.1. The _ of gene technology is becoming _ .（替换字词）2. The gene technology is gaining _.（变更词性)3. _ discuss the study of the gene technology fiercely all over the world. (变更主语)studymore and more heated worldwide and being talked about widely.increasing attentionPeoplePara.2 : Gene technology can cure serious diseases, benefits the economy and human life span can be prolonged .1=_2=_3=_fight against severe illnesses/save people from.help patients save money/reduce the medical expenseextend life span/have longer life/promote life span1. 用非谓语来表达2. 用定语从句来表达Para.2 : Gene technology can cure serious diseases, benefits the economy and human life span can be prolonged .Gene technology can save people from severe illnesses, helping patients save money and extending their life span. (非谓语表达)Gene technology can be used to fight against severe diseases, which enables patients to reduce their medical expenses and promote life span . (定语从句表达)Para.3 :Gene technology can help people with genetic disease to healthy and clever children by correcting wrong gene. 1=_2=_3=_assist/do a favor for sb./guaranteehave/breed/create/produceadjust/modify the defective gene1. 转换主语2. 改动词短语Gene technology asists people with genetic diseases to have healthy kids by adjusting wrong gene. (变动词)Families with genetic diseases are guaranteed to have healthy kids by modifying the defective genes with the help of gene technology . (转换主语/变主动为被动)Para.3 :Gene technology can help people with genetic disease to healthy and clever children by correcting wrong gene.Para.4 :Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to create human beings in large quantities,but many believe that cloned babies will come out in large quantities .Some people are against it for fear of mass-production of cloned humans, while others are in favor of it.1=_mass productionThere exists voices against it for fear of mass-production of cloned humans, but others dont see it as a problem.Step 4 Form a passage先后顺序先后顺序: to begin with, firstly, secondly,eventually因果因果:so, as a result, thus, therefore, consequently递进递进:moreover, at the same time, meanwhile, in addition, also, not only.but also对比转折对比转折:but, however, although，even though, on the contrary, by contrast归纳总结归纳总结: in summary, in conclusion, in short, in a word Step 4 add some transitional words Gene technology is gaining increasing attention and being talked about widely.(要点1) Gene technology can be used to fight against severe diseases, which enables patients to reduce their medical expenses and promote life span.(要点2) Families with genetic diseases are guaranteed to have healthy kids by modifying the defective genes with the help of gene technology.(要点3) Some people are against it for fear of mass-production of cloned humans, while others are in favor of it.(要点4) ItalsoAlthough some people are in favor of it, others are against it for fear of mass-production of cloned humans.Step 5 CheckGene technology is gaining increasing attention and being talked about widely.(要点1) It can be used to fight against severe diseases, which enables patients to reduce their medical expenses and promote life span. (要点2) Families with genetic diseases are also guaranteed to have healthy kids by modifying the defective genes with the help of gene technology.(要点3) Although some people are in favor of it, others are against it for fear of mass-production of cloned humans. (要点4) (73 words)How to write a summaryTo figure out the style and the topicTo underline the topic sentence and key words of each paragraphTip 1 : Pay attention to the first sentence and the last sentence Tip 2 Pay attention to the transitional words(过渡词过渡词) : however, on the contrary , but, yet, still, therefore,etc. Paraphrase Link sentences with connectives 1.Develop the habit of quickly finding the general idea and main points of the passage.2.Summarize the common structure of different types of passage.3.Pay attention to the accumulation(积累) of basic writing knowledge, such as vocabulary（词汇）and sentence patterns(句型)