2022职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（8）.docx

2022职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（8）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。B第一篇/BBMarch Madness/B For the rest of the month, an epidemic (流行病) will sweep across the US. It will keep kids home from school. College students will ignore piles of homework. Employees will suddenly lose their abilities to concentrate. The disease, known as "March Madness", refers to the yearly 65-team US mens college basketball tournament, it begins on March 15 and lasts through the beginning of April. Teams compete against each other in a single elimination tournament that eventually crowns a national champion. Nearly 20 million Americans will find themselves prisoners of basketball festival madness. The fun comes partly from guessing the winners for every game. Friends compete against friends, husbands against wives, and colleagues against bosses. Big-name schools are usually favored to advance into the toumament. But each year there are dark horses from little-known universities. This adds to the madness. Watching a team from a school with 3,000 students beat a team from a school with 30,000, for many Americans, is an exciting experience. Last year, the little-known George Mason University was one of the final four teams. Many people had never even heard of the university before the tournament. College basketball players are not paid, so the game is more about making a name for their university and themselves. But that doesnt mean money isnt involved. About 4 billion will be spent gambling on the event. According to Media Life magazine, the event will draw over 500 million in advertising revenue this year, topping the post-season revenue, including that of the NBA (全国蓝球协会).Which statement about the epidemic is NOT true AIt occurs every fourth yearBIt starts on March 15.CIt is known as "March Madness".DIt lasts through the beginning of April 2.下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Reduce Packaging Pressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti-waste campaign. (46) Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging. Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries. (47) When returned bottles are put in a vending machine(自动售货机), the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this. There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. (48) In response to a campaign by Britains The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. (49) But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti-waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non-recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. (50) In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles. A. If a product is over pack aged, dont buy it. B. In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. C. This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying. D. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. E. Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (装货箱)for transporting its fresh produce. F. The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper. 3.B第三篇/BBYouth Emancipation in Spain/B The Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest. Around 55 percent of people aged 18-34 in Spain still sleep in their parents home, says the latest report from the countrys state-run Institute of Youth. To coax(劝诱)young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs. Economists blame young peoples family dependence on the precarious labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000. Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists(社会学家). Family ties in south EuropeItaly, Portugal and Greeceare stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth Key for Understanding". "In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez. In Spainespecially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner. Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late-night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules. "A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain hell put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos III University in Madrid. Mothers willingness to do childrens household chores worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60- year-old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s. The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with Mum is good. "His Mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well." Masso said.Young peoples family dependence can be attributed to all the following factors EXCEPT Aparents toleranceBhousing problemsCunwillingness to get marriedDcultural traditions 4.请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。BNew Ideas/B Icelands President Olafur Grimsson is trying to drive carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) underground to U (51) /U its release into the air. Over the next two years, a team of scientists will try to U (52) /U carbon dioxidecharged water into the rock underground. Scientists say this should work. The CO2 will react with the rock to form a stable mineral that remains in the U (53) /U for millions of years. If the experiment succeeds, Iceland could give the world a new U (54) /U to reduce emissions. Sigurdur Gislason, a university professor in Iceland, says his country has an U (55) /U over other countries. "We have enormous amounts of clean U (56) /U and a small society. You can do experiments here that you cant do anywhere else." In an attempt to cut back on the use of air conditioners during summer, the Japanese government in2005 U (57) /U a campaign to keep office temperatures at 28 in summer. Men were also encouraged to change business suits for U (58) /U wear. In other words, no more ties. "The U (59) /U is meant to show the governments resolve to achieve Japans target of reducing greenhouse (温室) gas emissions by 6 percent," said Chief Cabinet Secretary Hiroyuki Hosoda. The U (60) /U has cut an estimated 79,000 tons of carbon dioxide gas emissions each year. As the countrys 2005 Energy Policy Act U (61) /U into force this year, more Americans will be encouraged to use U (62) /U cars and energy sources. According to the new law, those who buy hybrid (混合) cars such as the Toyota Prius can earn tax credits, or rebates (退款),of U (63) /U to 2,600 a year. Homemakers (主妇) can also save when they renovate, claiming tax rebates U (64) /U around 500 simply by fitting their homes with energysaving insulation (绝缘). If they U (65) /U in solar water heating, the payoff at tax time is equal to 30 percent of the appliances cost or a maximum of 2,000. AairBrockCwaterDsoil 5.下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Reduce Packaging Pressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti-waste campaign. (46) Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging. Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries. (47) When returned bottles are put in a vending machine(自动售货机), the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this. There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. (48) In response to a campaign by Britains The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. (49) But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti-waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non-recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. (50) In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles. A. If a product is over pack aged, dont buy it. B. In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. C. This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying. D. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. E. Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (装货箱)for transporting its fresh produce. F. The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper. 6.B第三篇/BBYouth Emancipation in Spain/B The Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest. Around 55 percent of people aged 18-34 in Spain still sleep in their parents home, says the latest report from the countrys state-run Institute of Youth. To coax(劝诱)young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs. Economists blame young peoples family dependence on the precarious labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000. Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists(社会学家). Family ties in south EuropeItaly, Portugal and Greeceare stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth Key for Understanding". "In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez. In Spainespecially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner. Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late-night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules. "A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain hell put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos III University in Madrid. Mothers willingness to do childrens household chores worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60- year-old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s. The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with Mum is good. "His Mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well." Masso said.Which of the following statements is NOT true of Dionisio Masso AShe has a boyfriendBShe is 60 years oldCShe has three childrenDShe lives in Madrid 7.B第二篇/BBDecling Internet in Developing Foreign Language Skills/B Australians foreign language skills are declining, Voice of America has reported. New figures show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decade ago, 40 percent had foreign language skills. Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career. She believes that Australias economic boom, which is driven by red-hot demand for its minerals, is helping mask serious deficiencies (缺陷) in its language skills. Australia does business very successfully in English with most of its trading partners. But as the worlds economic power shifts to emerging regions such as Asia, its language gap could soon be exposed. According to the new figures, less than 6.5 percent of high school graduates are proficient in an Asian language. Academics worry that this means Australia will increasingly be isolated from its economically important Asian neighbors, Dilip Dutta, from the economics and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills can enhance trading opportunities. If Australians want to trade with Asian countries, it is very important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture. But students have different opinions about Asian language learning. Pippa McCowage, a 22-year-old Australian student, says many young Australians have a half-hearted approach to foreign languages, and the language curriculum is often weak. "While were encouraged in high school to learn another language, its not really apparent to me as a realistic expectation that you will have to speak it," said McCowage. "For example, I learned Japanese in high school. When I went on an exchange in Year 10,I found that the Japanese students of my age had a much greater proficiency in English than I did in Japanese. So in that sense, it almost discourages you." At present, about 70 percent of Australias major exports go to Asia and the Australian government has been keen on developing closer economic and diplomatic ties with Asia. Academics say that, as Asia becomes one of the worlds economic powerhouses (经济体), Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.Why has the Australian government been keenly interested in strengthening ties with Asia ABecause Asia is where Australia is locatedBBecause Asia is where Australias major exports goCBecause Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidaysDBec