2022浙江在职攻读硕士联考考试真题卷（3）.docx

2022浙江在职攻读硕士联考考试真题卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.(Despite of) (many) attempts (to introduce) a universal language, notably Esperanto and Idiom Neutral(世界语和人造语言), the effort has met with very (little) success.（）A.Despite ofB.manyC.to introduceD.little2.Until recently, the British system of money was not based on the decimal system. But in February, 1971, Great Britain (41) its currency to the decimal system(十进制). The pound is still the basic monetary unit, but it is now made up of 100 pennies (42) pence. In the new system, there are six coins. The coins are known (43) their values. They have the following values: 1/2 pence or penny, 1 penny, 2 pence, 5 pence, 10 pence, and 50 pence.In Great Britain, the word note is used to refer to paper money. The notes you would most probably use if you (44) England are the one-pound note, the five-pound note, and the ten-pound note.It isn’t (45) for a country to convert(转换) its currency from one system to (46) . In England the Decimal Currency Board spent $ 3 million to explain the new system to the people.The change (47) the decimal method of counting is to go much (48) than the money system. Great Britain will (49) the metric system for all weights and measurements. The (50) will be enormous. According to one estimate, it will run (51) $12 billion. There must be new (52) for businesses and factories, new bottles and cans for the food and dairy industries, new traffic (53) for the highways (the speed limits and distances must be (54) in kilometers rather than miles), new thermometers (water will freeze (55) 0 degrees centigrade instead of 32 degrees Fahrenheit). But the changeover is inevitable. In the long (56) , the new system, which is uniform and (57) , will save money. And now that Great Britain has joined the Common Market, it will be necessary for British exporters to use the (58) system as that of the other countries (59) Britain has formed such close economic (60) .41（）AvariedBdifferedCconvertedDexchanged3.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine(削弱) healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infants, according to a long-term national study. The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week.Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. This research helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail. contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist at Pennsylvania State University. Belsky and several of his colleagues announced their findings last week at the international conference.The investigation consists of 1 153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the study in 1991, will be tracked until the age of 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. Unlike most previous studies, this one allows researchers to observe each caretaker’s personality at child nursing, and kids’ emotional reaction by the equipment.After taking family factors into account, other psychologists state that the researchers found no relation between the quality of child care and infants’ response. But the experimenters contend that the boys who spent more than 30 hours per week in child care exhibited more emotion for their mothers than other boys who didn’t, and the girls who spent the same hours per week in child care showed a modest rise in this emotion. Therefore, quality of child care outside home plays an important role in the connection between mothers and infants.From the first paragraph we know that （）.Amother care is the best according to a national studyBchild care outside home is the best in accordance with the studyCregular child care outside home may play a role as a motherDconnections between mothers and infants are damaged by outside care4.Career education is instruction intended to help young people identify, choose, and prepare for a career. Such instruction may focus on a person’s role in work, leisure, or family life. Career education differs from vocational education, which is designed to teach specific occupational skills.Career education includes the formal and informal learning that occurs in the family, in the community, and in schools. In school, career education consists of instructive activities included in many courses. These activities are designed to improve the attitudes, knowledge, and skills important for work roles. Career education helps students develop self-understanding and use it to plan their education and working life.A complete career education program in school begins in kindergarten and continues at least through high school. Many colleges and universities also offer career education through their counseling programs. In kindergarten and elementary school, youngsters learn about different types of work. In middle school or junior high school, children begin to explore the occupations and leisure activities that interest them most. In high school, students get more specific information about occupations and life styles. They may be in classroom, small group, or individual sessions where they learn how to make career decisions. They also should obtain the skills they need for further study or for a job after graduation. Counselors provide information on such matters as how to locate and apply for jobs and how to be successful in interviews. Teachers and counselors use a variety of methods to provide career education, including films about occupations or industries. Children may invite parents or other adults to come to school and describe their jobs. A student may accompany a worker on the job. Cooperative education combines classroom study with practical work experience.According to the passage, which statement is true ？（）ACareer education is carried out in primary school.BCareer education is carried out in middle school.CCareer education is carried out in college.DCareer education is carried out in the whole process of children’s education.5.As America’s prison population has exploded, hard-pressed officials have relied on private prisons to house about 5 percent of the nation’s 1.7 million prisoners. But a number of recent incidents have strengthened accusations that for-profit prisons do not always measure up on security and reliability. A judge ordered a Youngstown, Ohio, prison for criminals from Washington, D. C. to remove violent prisoners after 13 stabbings(刺伤案), two of them fatal. Colorado closed a center for teen lawbreakers after a suicide and evidence that prisoners had been abused. Tennessee legislators have now put on hold a plan to privatize most of that state’s prison system.Last week, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees issued a report charging that private prisons save taxpayers little money and are full of waste and deception (欺骗). The union accused some firms of persuading public officials for profitable contracts and then running substandard facilities.Nashville-based Corrections Corp of America, a privatization leader, insists it can cut costs and operate high-quality prisons. A spokeswoman blanked some problems at its Youngstown unit on errors by Washington, D.C. officials and said the new report reflects union fears of change and a loss of power. A new test is shaping up in the capital: Congress has voted to put 2 000 more local prisoners in private prisons by mid-1999.What do the two examples in the first paragraph illustrate ？（）AThere are not enough public prisons.BPrivate prisons are for making money.CPrivate prisons are not as good as public prisons.D5% of the prisoners in the US now live in private prisons.6.Until recently, the British system of money was not based on the decimal system. But in February, 1971, Great Britain (41) its currency to the decimal system(十进制). The pound is still the basic monetary unit, but it is now made up of 100 pennies (42) pence. In the new system, there are six coins. The coins are known (43) their values. They have the following values: 1/2 pence or penny, 1 penny, 2 pence, 5 pence, 10 pence, and 50 pence.In Great Britain, the word note is used to refer to paper money. The notes you would most probably use if you (44) England are the one-pound note, the five-pound note, and the ten-pound note.It isn’t (45) for a country to convert(转换) its currency from one system to (46) . In England the Decimal Currency Board spent $ 3 million to explain the new system to the people.The change (47) the decimal method of counting is to go much (48) than the money system. Great Britain will (49) the metric system for all weights and measurements. The (50) will be enormous. According to one estimate, it will run (51) $12 billion. There must be new (52) for businesses and factories, new bottles and cans for the food and dairy industries, new traffic (53) for the highways (the speed limits and distances must be (54) in kilometers rather than miles), new thermometers (water will freeze (55) 0 degrees centigrade instead of 32 degrees Fahrenheit). But the changeover is inevitable. In the long (56) , the new system, which is uniform and (57) , will save money. And now that Great Britain has joined the Common Market, it will be necessary for British exporters to use the (58) system as that of the other countries (59) Britain has formed such close economic (60) .42（）AandBorCplusDwith7.Career education is instruction intended to help young people identify, choose, and prepare for a career. Such instruction may focus on a person’s role in work, leisure, or family life. Career education differs from vocational education, which is designed to teach specific occupational skills.Career education includes the formal and informal learning that occurs in the family, in the community, and in schools. In school, career education consists of instructive activities included in many courses. These activities are designed to improve the attitudes, knowledge, and skills important for work roles. Career education helps students develop self-understanding and use it to plan their education and working life.A complete career education program in school begins in kindergarten and continues at least through high school. Many colleges and universities also offer career education through their counseling programs. In kindergarten and elementary school, youngsters learn about different types of work. In middle school or junior high school, children begin to explore the occupations and leisure activities that interest them most. In high school, students get more specific information about occupations and life styles. They may be in classroom, small group, or individual sessions where they learn how to make career decisions. They also should obtain the skills they need for further study or for a job after graduation. Counselors provide information on such matters as how to locate and apply for jobs and how to be successful in interviews. Teachers and counselors use a variety of methods to provide career education, including films about occupations or industries. Children may invite parents or other adults to come to school and describe their jobs. A student may accompany a worker on the job. Cooperative education combines classroom study with practical work experience.It may be inferred from the passage that （）.Anot only teachers but alto parents are responsible for the career educationBin high school, students know more specific information about occupationsCcareer education may be in classroom, small group, or individual sessionsDteachers use a variety of methods to provide career education, including films8.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine(削弱) healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infants, according to a long-term national study. The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week.Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. This research helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail. contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist at Pennsylvania State University. Belsky and several of his colleagues announced their findings last week at the international conference.The investigation consists of 1 153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the study in 1991, will be tracked until the age of 7. Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6, and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. Unlike most previous studies, this one allows researchers to observe each caretaker’s personality at child nursing, and kids’ emotional reaction by the equipment.After taking family factors into account, other psychologists state that the researchers found no relation between the quality of child care and infants’ response. But the experimenters contend that the boys who spent more than 30 hours per week in child care exhibited more emotion for their mothers than other boys who didn’t, and the girls who spent the same hours per week in child care showed a modest rise in this emotion. Therefore, quality of child care outside home plays an important role in the connection between mothers and infants.Jay Belsky implies that the study of child care （）.Awas never carried out in the pastBwas not much done in detail in the pastCwas greatly ignored by psychologists and researchersDwas interesting, but very difficult to make discovery9.As America’s prison population has exploded, hard-pressed officials have relied on private prisons to house about 5 percent of the nation’s 1.7 million prisoners. But a number of recent incidents have strengthened accusations that for-profit prisons do not always measure up on security and reliability. A judge ordered a Youngstown, Ohio, prison for criminals from Washington, D. C. to remove violent prisoners after 13 stabbings(刺伤案), two of them fatal. Colorado closed a center for teen lawbreakers after a suicide and evidence that pris