人教版小学英语语法总复习与练习.ppt

1. 一般情况，直接加一般情况，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats2. 以以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches(手表)3. 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾，变结尾，变y为为i, 再加再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 但boy-boys4. 以以“f或或fe”结尾，变结尾，变f或或fe为为v, 再加再加-es，如：knife-knives leaf-leaves5. 以o结尾 有生命的加es 无生命的加s，如：potato-potatoes tomatoes photo-photos piano-pianos不规则名词的复数不规则名词的复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, goose-geese不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词没有复数形式： paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea 在具体句子中我们应该把不可数名词当成单数看待 写出下列各词的复数写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _ her _ child _photo _ diary_day_ foot_book_dress_tooth_ sheep _box_peach_ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_wethemthesetheirchildrenphotoesfeetbooksdressesdiariesdayssheepboxespeachesmenwomenjuicepapermilkwaterteeth一般现在时的功能一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的一般现在时的标志词标志词：often, usually, sometimes, every等一般现在时的构成一般现在时的构成主语+动词原形。 如： We study English. 我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it，my father等)时 主语(三单)+动词的三单形式（要在动词后加-s或-es） 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化一般现在时的变化 否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如： I dont like bread. He doesnt like bread, too. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 如： Do you go to school by bike? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如： Does she go to school by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How dou you go to school? How does your father go to work? 动词的第三人称单数的变化规则动词的第三人称单数的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, make-makes 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如： wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 但play-plays 不规则变化 have-has 一、一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ do_ teach _ play _二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Mondays.4. Tom _(not go) to the zoo on Sundays.5. _ they _(like) apples?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your father _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. There _(be) some water in the bottle(瓶子).10. Mike _(like) cooking.11. You always _(do) your homework well.12. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.13. Liu Yun _(do) not like PE.14. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.hasaredont watchdoesnt goDolikesdodolikereadDoeswatchesisteachesgoesdodoes三、按照要求改写句子1. Jack watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_Jack doesnt watch TV every evening.不管是否定句还是疑问句，用上了助动词以后，不管是否定句还是疑问句，用上了助动词以后，后面的行为动词都要使用动词原形。后面的行为动词都要使用动词原形。Do you do your homework every day? No, I dont.Does she like milk? Yes, she does.Does Amy like playing computer games? No, she doesnt.We dont go to school every morning.1现在进行时 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句肯定句 基本结构：主语+be+ 动词ing. 如： I am eating.现在进行时的否定句否定句 基本结构：主语+be not + 动词ing. 如： I am not eating. 现在进行时的一般疑问句一般疑问句 基本结构： be动词 +主语 +动词ing. 如： Are you eating？现在进行时的特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 基本结构：特殊疑问词+ be +主语+动词ing? 如：What are you eating? 动词的动词的ing形式（形式（动词的现在分词）的变化规则的变化规则1 一般情况下直接在动词后面加ing read-reading sleep-sleeping study-studying clean-cleaning play-playing 2 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉字母e，再加ing come-coming make-making ride-riding have-having take-taking write-writing dance-dancing 3 以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节）结尾，呈现 “辅，元，辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing stop-stopping停 sit-sitting坐 run-running跑 beginbeginning开始 cut-cutting切 get-getting得到 swim-swimming游 dig-digging挖 一、写出下列动词的现在分词（即ing形式）：play_ run_swim_ make_go_like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_sing_ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook ) the meals now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance ) in the classroom .8.What is your grandmother doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have) dinner now.10._Helen_(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is . areis dwawingare singingis cookingwashingdoingare havingarent wateringare dancingis listeningare havingIs三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改成一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_ Where is Tom reading books?Are they doing housework?They arent doing housework.Are the students cleaning the classroom?Yes, they are. No, they arent.What are you doing in the playground?一、概念：一、概念：表示将要发生的动作以及打算或者准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, this weekeng, next day(week, month, year),等。 二、基本结构：二、基本结构： 主 + be going to + 动词原形； 主 +will+ 动词原形. I am going to play football tomorrow（明天）. = I will play football tomorrow. 三、否定句：三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not，主 + be not going to + 动词原形。 例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：四、一般疑问句： 把be提到句首，some改为any, 第一二人称互换。 Be + 主+ going to +动词原形?例如：We are going to swim this weekend. Are you going to swim this weekend? 填空填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet? 改句子改句子1. Lucy is going to go hiking.（改否定） Lucy _ _ going to go hiking.2. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?3. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?4. My father and mother are going to see a film tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a film tomorrow?1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2一般过去时Be动词的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3没有be动词的一般过去时 肯定句： 主语+动词过去式？ 如： Jim went home yesterday.否定句： 主语+didnt +动词原形？ 如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句： Did+主语+动词原形？ 如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：动词过去式变化规则： 1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：clean-cleaned, cook-cooked 2以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加d，如：like-liked live-lived 3末尾有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写末尾的辅音字母，加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 但play-played 5不规则动词过去式：am, is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, fly-flew, , swim-swam 一写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _swim_ kick_ pass_ do _ 二、用动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last weekend.4. Lucy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a snowman with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party. 9. She _ (be) happy yesterday.10. Yang Ling _ (be) eleven years old last year. 11. There _ (be) an apple on the plate yesterday. 三、句型转换1. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. We sang some English songs. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_ 3. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_ 1、比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B A 是主格 B 是宾格 如： She is taller than me. 2形容词加er的规则： 一般在词尾加er 如：small-smaller clean-cleaner ； 以字母e 结尾，加r 如：fine-finer nice-nicer；闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er 如：big-bigger hot-hotter ； 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 如：heavy-haevier easy-easier。3不规则形容词比较级： good-better, 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long much many big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4) How is the white T-shirt? Its 100 yuan. (5) How apples are there in the bag? There are 5. (6) How is the fish? Its 2kg. 二、根据句意写出所缺的单词 (1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you. (2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail. (3) An elephant is than a pig. (4) A lake is than a sea. (5) A basketball is than a football. (5) This bag is (beautiful) of the three. 三、根据中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im than my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he. (4) 谁比你重? than you. (5) 他比你更强壮. He is than you. 四、根据答句写出问句 (1) Im 160 cm. (2) Im 12 years old. (3) My shoes are 80 yuan. (4) Amys hair is 30 cm long. (5) I have three English books. 1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人） 2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最接近be 动词的那个名词决定。 3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 4、there be句型与have (has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have (has) 表示某人拥有某物。 5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 地点短语？ 选词填空 “have, has” or “there is , there are” “is there, are there”1. I _a good father and a good mother. 2. _a book on the desk. 3. He _a car. 4. _a basketball in the playground. 5. She _some dresses. 6. They _ a nice garden. 7. What do you_? 8. _many children on the mountain.9. What does Mike_? 10. _any books in thedesk? 11. My father _a story-book. 12. _a story-book on the table. 13. _any flowers in theforest? 14. How many students _in the classroom? 15. My parents _some nice pictures. 16. _some maps on the wall. 17. Davids friends _some gifts. 用恰当的be动词填空。 1、There a lot of sweets in the box. 2、There some milk in the glass.3、There some people under the the big tree. 4、There a picture and a map on the wall. 5、There a box of rubbers near the books. 6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year. 7、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday. 8、There four cups of coffee on the table.人称代词人称代词物主代词物主代词主格主格宾格宾格形容词性形容词性名词性名词性第一第一人称人称单数单数I（我）（我）memy（我的）（我的）mine复数复数we（我们）（我们）usour（我们的）（我们的）ours第二第二人称人称单数单数you（你）（你）youyour（你的）（你的）yours复数复数you（你们）（你们）youyour（你们的）（你们的）yours第三第三人称人称单数单数he（他）（他）himhis（他的）（他的）hisshe（她）（她）herher（她的）（她的）hersit（它）（它）itits（它的）（它的）its复数复数they（他们（他们/她们她们/它们）它们）themtheir（他们的（他们的/她们的她们的/它们的）它们的）theirs 用用am, is, are 填空填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they?