2022年内蒙古职称英语考试模拟卷（5）.docx

2022年内蒙古职称英语考试模拟卷（5）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Dreams 2.Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack 3.Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years12（）A.whenB.yetC.howeverD.while4.Migrant Workers 5.Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 6.Dreams 7.Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years13（）A.spreadB.affectedC.producedD.created8.Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack 9.Migrant Workers 10.Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 11.Dreams 12.Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years14（）A.poorB.weakC.olderD.young13.Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack 14.Migrant Workers 15.Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 16.Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years15（）A. andB. leading toC. fromD. with17.Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 18.Capital punishment was (abolished) some years ago in some states of the U. S.AcreatedBdecoratedCimprovedDeliminated 19.My little daughter kept pulling my hair and I was really (annoyed).AangryBhurtCtroubledDstimulating 20.The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.AfirstBlatestColdDspecial 21.She (longed) to be envied and sought after.AhopedBwantedCwas eagerDwished 22.The doctors have (abandoned) the hope to rescue the old man.AleftBgiven upCturned downDrefused 23.Peter was an (energetic) and athletic youth.AalertBawkwardCactiveDskillful 24.The New Year is coming. We decided to give our room a (thorough) clean.AcarefulBcompleteCrealDserious 25.Glassmaking was the first (major) industry in the United States.AproductiveBprofitableCspecializedDsizable 26.Though friends for many years, the two lawyers (ended up) as enemies.Aturned outBgave inCgot rid ofDput an end at 27.The mail was (delayed) for a week because of the flood.Aheld downBheld inCheld offDheld on 28.We can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).AhealthyBunmistakableCreliableDunquestionable 29.I (reserve) the right to disagree.AdeserveBkeepCperceiveDnotice 30.I think this is a (deliberate) insult.AcarelessBintentionalChumiliatingDserious 31.Your reasons for refusing to help are quite (vague).AobviousBtypicalCunclearDunreasonable 32.Cancer1. Cancer, which may arise from any type of cell and in any body tissue, is not a single disease but a large number of diseases classified according to the tissue and type of cell of origin. Several hundred such classes exist, constituting three major subtypes; sarcomas, carcinomas, leukemias and lymphomas.2. A number of factors produce cancer in a proportion of exposed individuals. Among these factors are heredity, viruses, ionizing(离子)radiation, chemicals, and alterations in the immune system. For a long time these various factors seemed to work in different ways, but now researchers are studying how they might interact.3. More than 1,350,000 new cases of cancer occur in the United States each year. It is the second leading cause of death in the nation, accounting for about 550,000 deaths annually. The incidence of cancer varies enormously among different geographic areas. The age-adjusted death rate from all cancers in males is 310. 9 per 100,000 in Luxembourg (the highest) as Compared to 37. 5 in El Salvador (the lowest). For women it is 175.2 in Denmark and 48.7 in El Salvador. The figures for the United States are 216. 6 per 100,000 men and 136.5 per 100,000 women.4. The principal approach to curing cancer is to remove all of the malignant (恶性的) cells by a surgical operation. In the past this meant the removal of all of the involved tissue and as much tumors, notably cancer of the breast, this is not always necessary. However, it may help to relieve symptoms.5. The most important preventive measure in controlling cancer is stopping tobacco use, which is the cause of 30 percent of all deaths from cancer. A large reduction might follow better diet: optimal (适当的)calorie intake to avoid obesity (肥胖), reduction of calories form fat to 20 percent of the diet, reduction of redmeat intake, and increased intake of dietary fiber and protective foods.A. Causes of cancerB. Types of cancerC. Control cancerD. The attitude faced to cancerE. Mortality Rate from cancerF. Treating cancer by surgeryParagraph 2 33.Interview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the "how to" material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, the understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interview, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.The main idea of the first paragraph is that importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing.ARightBWrongCNot Mentioned 34.Stress Level Tied to Education Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. "Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health." lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. "The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors, and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged." Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. "If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor" Grzywacz says. "Maybe it is just life. "stressful adj. 紧张的；压力重的diploma n. 毕业文凭，毕业证书stressor n. 紧张刺激物devastating adj. 毁灭性的follow-up n. (对病人的)随访Stress level is closely related to_.Afamily size.Bsocial status.Cbody weight.Dwork experience. 35.The Grand Canyon Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷), gazing across this giant wound in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsion(震动). In fact, the events that produced the canyon, far from being sudden and catastrophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1,000 more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of some 14 layered formations of rock. In the Grand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateau s flat surface in the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologists refer to this bulging actions upwarding (弯曲上升) ; it was followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers , located east of the upward, was the ancestor of the Colorado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancient Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually became the Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resistance of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosions. The Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau creates feeder streams that carreside canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks, and the pattern of erosion continues.The passage mainly discusses_.Apatterns of erosion in different mountain rangesBforces that made the Grand CanyonCthe increasing pollution of the Colorado RiverDthe sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon 36.Prison Systems _(46). A long time ago, prisons were established for detention only. People were kept in prison to wait for torture, death, or other cruel punishment. Near the end of the Middle Ages the people of Europe became angry about the cruel acts of that system, and disagreed strongly. Therefore, less cruel techniques of punishment were used. _ (47). The early settlers of America brought with them the idea of isolating prisoners._(48). After a long isolation, the prisoners could be allowed to go because they would not do any more wrong acts. At the end of the 18th century, however, a religious stopped that system. About the time of the American Civil War, a new place for young offenders was built in N.Y. _(49). At the end of the 19th century, a new idea was introduced. It allowed prisoners to work together during the day. It also reduced problems of administration._(50).A. For example, people were sent away from their country and were never allowed to come back or they were kept in prison.B. They could not see or talk to each other and could only read and exercise by themselves.C. This prison system has been employed in our country.D. Later many prisons were built in America and abroad which operated on this idea.E. In the history of the human race, prisons have only recently been used to punish people for wrong acts.F. This new system worked on the principles of classifying prisoners on the basis of age, giving them an education and training them. 37.Euthanasia: a Heatedly Debated Topic "We mustnt delay any longer. swallowing(吞咽) is difficult.and breathing, thats also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too.we mustnt delay any longer." These were the words of Dutchman(荷兰人) Cees van wendel de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, van Vendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. Van Venders last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia (安乐死) , although it is not technically legal there. However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament(议会) two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor must confirm(证实) that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department. Should doctors be allowed to take the live of others Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees van Vendels doctor, explains how he looks at the question: "Well, its not as if I in planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But thats e