书面表达高分策略.ppt

书面书面表达高分策略表达高分策略1、先根据文章的内容和语言初步、先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定确定档次档次。第五档：第五档： 21252125分分第四档：第四档： 16201620分分第三档：第三档： 11151115分分第二档：第二档： 6 106 10分分第一档：第一档： 0 50 5分分语言地道，语言地道，规范规范覆盖所有内容覆盖所有内容要点要点2 2、主要内容：、主要内容： 内容要点；内容要点； 词汇和语法的数量和准确性；词汇和语法的数量和准确性； 上下文的连贯；上下文的连贯； 语言的得体性语言的得体性应用了较多的应用了较多的语法结构和词语法结构和词汇汇有效地使有效地使用了语句用了语句间的连接间的连接成分成分3、拼写和标点拼写和标点是语言准确性的一个是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。程度予以考虑。4、词数、词数少于少于100和和多于多于140的，从的，从总分中减去总分中减去2分。分。5、如、如书写较差书写较差，以至影响交际，将，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。分数降低一个档次。How can we write such an excellent composition in limited time?A sampleTip One:Tip One:考试大纲中明确规定少写提纲或者篡改提纲是考试大纲中明确规定少写提纲或者篡改提纲是要严重扣分的，因此依据提纲来谋篇布局成为要严重扣分的，因此依据提纲来谋篇布局成为写作的首要任务。写作的首要任务。 “总总-分分-总总”的三段式结构是高考写作的万能的三段式结构是高考写作的万能结构。结构。Too shortToo longToo longunplannedunplannedPerfectPerfectTo the pointTo the pointNo mistakesNo mistakesClear Clear structurestructureGood handwritingGood handwritingTip two:Tip two:遣词造句遣词造句 遣词造句是写作的基础。遣词造句是写作的基础。既要注意用词的准确无误，既要注意用词的准确无误，又要注意句式的丰富多变，又要注意句式的丰富多变，还要注意语句之间的连接自还要注意语句之间的连接自然合乎逻辑。然合乎逻辑。在整篇文章在整篇文章中，中，避免单词简单重避免单词简单重复复, ,多使用高级词汇多使用高级词汇. . 词汇要准词汇要准1.喜欢，喜爱喜欢，喜爱 In order to release the stress, In order to release the stress, 35% of us 35% of us likelike listening to music , listening to music , 45% 45% like like playing football. while playing football. while the rest the rest likelike turning to teachers. turning to teachers.likeLike, love, adore, enjoy, be interested in, be fond of, be keen on, be delighted in, take delight in, be into, In order to release the stress, 35% In order to release the stress, 35% of us of us enjoyenjoy listening to music , 45% listening to music , 45% are fond of are fond of playing football. while playing football. while the rest the rest take delight intake delight in turning to turning to teachers.teachers.2.一一.就就as soon asas soon asOn/upon doing, On/upon doing, immediately, directly, instantly, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the second,the moment, the instant, the second, as soon as, as soon as, hardly .when, no sooner thanhardly .when, no sooner than他一到那里就打电话给父母他一到那里就打电话给父母. _ his arrival there, he phoned his parents.= = He phoned his parents _ he He phoned his parents _ he arrived there.arrived there.= He phoned his parents He phoned his parents _ _ _ he arrived therearrived there.= He phoned his parents phoned his parents _ _ he arrived therearrived there.= _had he arrived therearrived there _ he phoned phoned his parents .his parents .= _ _ had he arrived therearrived there _ he phoned his parents.On/UponOn/Uponimmediately/ immediately/ directly/instantlydirectly/instantlyas soon as the moment/ /instant /secondHardlyHardlywhenwhenNo sooner No sooner thanthan1. Learning a foreign language is very useful.1. Learning a foreign language is very useful. Learning a foreign language is _ _ _.Learning a foreign language is _ _ _.2.I thank him for his kindness and 2.I thank him for his kindness and consideration so much.consideration so much.I _ his kindness and consideration I _ his kindness and consideration so much.so much.3.I want to get help from you.3.I want to get help from you. I _ _ to get help from you. I _ _ to get help from you.4.On his way home, he found an old man 4.On his way home, he found an old man sitting by the road, looking worried.sitting by the road, looking worried.On his way home, he found an old man _ On his way home, he found an old man _ by the road , looking worried.by the road , looking worried.Practice: Practice: 使用高级词汇替换划线部分的内容使用高级词汇替换划线部分的内容of great useof great useappreciateappreciateam eager/ anxiousam eager/ anxiousseatedseated5. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable._ _the good weather, our journey was comfortable.6.We all think he is a great man.We all _ _ _him .7. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited._ _he spoke, _ _excited he felt.Practice: Practice: 使用高级词汇替换划线部分的内容使用高级词汇替换划线部分的内容think highly ofThanks toThe morethe more 句式要变句式要变在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句型，要灵活运用各种语法结构。句型，要灵活运用各种语法结构。运用运用得当的句子结构得当的句子结构可以给文章增可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉并最终获得高分。辉并最终获得高分。What sb. use to release the stress is Sb. hold the idea / point/ view thatWhat sb. think/believe/suppose is thatWhat sb. think/believe/suppose is that35% of us think that35% of us think that sports are a good sports are a good way to release the stress. But way to release the stress. But 45%45% believe thatbelieve that music is a good way, which music is a good way, which is good for us. At last, is good for us. At last, 20% suppose20% suppose wed like to turn to our teachers if wed like to turn to our teachers if convenient.convenient.同位同位语从语从句句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句 19701970年，周群飞出生在湖南年，周群飞出生在湖南省一个小山村省一个小山村, ,她非常聪明勤她非常聪明勤奋。虽然家里很穷，她却意奋。虽然家里很穷，她却意志坚强。她初中毕业后，不志坚强。她初中毕业后，不得不放弃学业。得不放弃学业。 从那以后，周群飞来到深圳，从那以后，周群飞来到深圳，在深圳大学旁找了份工作。在深圳大学旁找了份工作。为了尽量多掌握谋生技能，为了尽量多掌握谋生技能，她白天去打工，晚上去读夜她白天去打工，晚上去读夜校。校。 自助者天助。自助者天助。20032003年，她成年，她成了蓝思科技公司的创始人。了蓝思科技公司的创始人。是她自己的努力和她的团队是她自己的努力和她的团队的合作，使得她终于取得了的合作，使得她终于取得了成功。现在据信她成了中国成功。现在据信她成了中国的女首富。的女首富。Task : 使用较丰富的句式使用较丰富的句式 1970年，周群飞出生在湖南省一个小山村年，周群飞出生在湖南省一个小山村,非常非常聪明勤奋。聪明勤奋。 Zhou Qunfei, who was born in a small village in Hunan province in 1970, was very smart and diligent . 方法一方法一. . 把定语从句改为非谓语动词使句把定语从句改为非谓语动词使句子更简洁子更简洁Zhou Qunfei, born in a small village in Hunan province in 1970, was very smart and diligent .虽然她很贫穷，却意志坚强。虽然她很贫穷，却意志坚强。 Poor though/ asthough/ as s she was, she was strong- willed/strong-determined.方法二方法二. . 使用省略和倒装使句子生动使用省略和倒装使句子生动Although/Though she was poor, she was strong-willed/strong-determined. Although/Though poor, she was strong-willed/strong-determined.省略省略倒装倒装方法三方法三. .使用名言谚语使用名言谚语自助者天助。自助者天助。God helps those who help themselves.God helps those who help themselves.更多的名言谚语更多的名言谚语Practice makes perfect.Practice makes perfect.Actions speak louder than words .Actions speak louder than words .Knowledge is power.Knowledge is power.Rome was not built in a day.Rome was not built in a day.熟能生巧。熟能生巧。事实胜于雄辩。事实胜于雄辩。知识就是力量。知识就是力量。罗马不是一日建成的。罗马不是一日建成的。 It isIt is her effort/diligence and her her effort/diligence and her teams cooperation teams cooperation thatthat make her make her succeed finally.succeed finally. 方法四方法四. . 使用强调句型使句子明朗使用强调句型使句子明朗是她自己的努力和她的团队的合作，使得她终于取得了是她自己的努力和她的团队的合作，使得她终于取得了成功。成功。 方法五方法五. . 使用被动语态，特殊句式使用被动语态，特殊句式据信她成了中国的女首富。据信她成了中国的女首富。It is believed thatIt is believed that she has been she has been the richest female in China.the richest female in China.类似句式类似句式It is said thatIt is said thatIt is reported thatIt is reported thatIt is announced thatIt is announced thatIt is suggested thatIt is suggested thatsample Zhou Qunfei, born in a small village in Hunan province in 1970, was very smart and diligent . Poor as she was, she was strong-willed. After graduating from her junior school ,she had no choice but to drop out. From then on, she went to Shenzhen and found a job near Shenzhen University. In order to learn as many living skills as possible, she worked in the day and went to night school to further study at night. God helps those who help themselves. In 2003, she became the founder of Lansi Technology Company. It is her diligence and her teams cooperation that make her succeed finally. Now it is believed that she has been the richest female in China. 逻辑要强逻辑要强从行文需要出发运用从行文需要出发运用恰当的连接词、恰当的连接词、过渡词过渡词可以使文章增色不少。使用可以使文章增色不少。使用恰当的连接词能使整篇文章衔接自恰当的连接词能使整篇文章衔接自然、浑然一体、文句流畅。然、浑然一体、文句流畅。 1. 表示递进表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容在同一话题上补充内容另外，还有：Whats more; besides; also; further more; moreover; in addition, as well as2. 表示转折关系表示转折关系 但是， 然而， 相反：高考大纲中常用的连接词：高考大纲中常用的连接词：but; however; yet; instead; on the other hand; on the contrary; nevertheless3. 表示因果关系表示因果关系因为，因此，所以: 4. 表示条件关系表示条件关系如果，只要: 除非:否则:since; as; because (of ); so; thus; therefore; as a result; if ;on condition ( that );as long asunlessor；otherwise 5. 表示时间关系表示时间关系 当当 的时候的时候 : 在在之后之后: 在在之前之前: 直到直到: 一一就就: 后来，后来， 然后然后: 不久不久: 近来近来: 自从自从 : 从那时起从那时起:when ; while; as after beforeuntilas soon as; no soonerthan; hardlywhenlater; afterwardssoon;lately; recentlysincefrom then on6.表示特定的顺序关系表示特定的顺序关系 首先, 最主要的: 其次: 然后: 最后:7. 换一种方法表述换一种方法表述 换句话说: above all，in the first place, most important of all, firstlysecondly, secondthen; nextfinally; in the end, last but not leastin other words, that is to say;8. 进行举例说明进行举例说明例如，比如: 9. 用于陈述事实用于陈述事实 实际上: 跟你说实话 : for instance; for example; like; such asin fact; actually; as a matter of factto tell you the truth; to be honest, honestly speaking, frankly speaking10. 对一个话题进行总结对一个话题进行总结 总而言之，总的来说: on the whole; in short; all in all; in general; in a word, generally speakingPractice 请填上恰当的关联词或短语。请填上恰当的关联词或短语。1. Xiao Ming was walking in the street _ he heard someone cry for help.2. He advised that I hire a car _ I could travel around in the west .3. It was not long _ the police came .4. _he heard the cry for help, he jumped into the water to save the girl.whenin order thatbeforeAs soon as 5. Do you agree with my arrangement ? _ , do write to me soon.6. I shared the cost of the gas with my friends . _, I saved $80.7. Eating sugar is bad for our teeth. _ , it may make us fat.If not/soAs a resultWhats worseTip three:Tip three:语法正确语法正确常见语法错误分析常见语法错误分析1. 1. 句子谓语句子谓语The building like a match box.The building like a match box.Help them when they are need help.Help them when they are need help. Some students like the books that was Some students like the books that was written by Lu Xun.written by Lu Xun. It is the businessmans deed that It is the businessmans deed that really make people angry.really make people angry.2.2.主谓不一致主谓不一致is / looksweremakes3.3.时态错误时态错误 A big charity is held to help the poor A big charity is held to help the poor sick student in C1220 in our school sick student in C1220 in our school yesterday.yesterday.was4.4.短语误用短语误用 To our proud, our campus is so To our proud, our campus is so beautiful that it looks like a big garden.beautiful that it looks like a big garden.pride类似结构类似结构to ones surprise ; to ones satisfactionto ones excitement5.5.冠词误用冠词误用 We had good time in the orange garden We had good time in the orange garden on a sunny Sunday last term.on a sunny Sunday last term.a2015,04,19, our school happened a moving 2015,04,19, our school happened a moving thing.thing.There are many students complain that the There are many students complain that the homework is so heavy.homework is so heavy.To students, own a mobile phone is To students, own a mobile phone is fashionable.fashionable.6.6.中式英语中式英语 A moving thing happened in our school on A moving thing happened in our school on April 19th, 2015.April 19th, plainingowningowningManyManywho尝试使用高级词汇代替一般词汇尝试使用高级词汇代替一般词汇 增加表现力增加表现力灵活使用多样化的句型灵活使用多样化的句型 凸显特色凸显特色添加恰当的连接词和过渡词添加恰当的连接词和过渡词 使行文流畅使行文流畅尽可能的避免出现语法错误尽可能的避免出现语法错误 减少失分减少失分Homework Polish your writing. 联合国教科文组织某考察团正联合国教科文组织某考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是接待人员接待人员,请根据下列提示以发言请根据下列提示以发言稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况：稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况： 1)大小：近大小：近100户人家，约户人家，约500口人。口人。 2)变化：过去很穷，变化：过去很穷，78年后变年后变化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。现已旧貌换新颜。现已旧貌换新颜。 3)教育：原来的学校很小，现教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建。新建的教学楼有已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层，层，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄儿童在此免费就读。儿童在此免费就读。 注意：注意：1）要点齐全，前后连贯。）要点齐全，前后连贯。2）词数：）词数：100- -120之间。之间。Practice 书面表达：书面表达：Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school.This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. It has changed a lot since 1978. People here are richer than before. Now it is taking on a new look. The school here was very small. Now it has been rebuilt. The newly built teaching building has 4 storeys . It is the most beautiful building in the village. All the school-age children can study here. They enjoy free education in it. Thank you. 大家看，这篇书面表达要点齐全，表达正确，大家看，这篇书面表达要点齐全，表达正确，但语言平淡，表达方式单一，逻辑性差，它很但语言平淡，表达方式单一，逻辑性差，它很难在考试的评分中得到较高档次。如果我们能难在考试的评分中得到较高档次。如果我们能使用一些恰当的连接词，尽量使用较高级、较使用一些恰当的连接词，尽量使用较高级、较复杂的语法结构，就使这个平淡的文章有很大复杂的语法结构，就使这个平淡的文章有很大改观，甚至会变得更精彩。改观，甚至会变得更精彩。 用介词短语作定语或用含定语从句的主从用介词短语作定语或用含定语从句的主从复合句。复合句。 语句间缺少连接成分。语句间缺少连接成分。 表现作者对现在乡村的发展的喜悦心情，表现作者对现在乡村的发展的喜悦心情，也起到承上启下作用。也起到承上启下作用。 较高级词汇。较高级词汇。Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school! This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. It has changed a lot since 1978 . People here are richer than before. Now it is taking on a new look. This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small . Now it has been rebuilt. The newly built teaching building has 4 storeys . It is the most beautiful building in the village. All the school-age children can study here. They enjoy free education in it. Thank you. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here.the newly built teaching building/ May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here. Thank you.