2021陕西公共英语考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2021陕西公共英语考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.What does the man meanAThe woman can read the magazine on the train.BThe woman should not board the train.CThere is no time to buy a magazine.DThey have to pay for the magazine. 2.Which kind of dessert does the woman like mostAWatermelon.BPudding.CIce-cream.DAll of the above. 3.What do you learn about the manAHe will definitely not lend her the money.BHe will lend her the money.CHe might lend her the money.DHe thinks it is still a question. 4.Questions 14-17 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their holiday plans.How is the woman going homeABy train.BBy plane.CBy car.DBy ship. 5.Questions 22-25 are based on a job interview.What is the probable relationship between the man and the womanAManager and assistant manager.BTeacher and student.CInterviewer and interviewee.DEmployer and employee. 6.Questions 11-13 are based on a talk about birth order.According to common belief, in what way are the first child and the only child alikeAThey strongly believe in family rules.BThey tend to take responsibility for themselves.CThey are very likely to be successful.DThey dont take many chances in their lives. 7.Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and results. We want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay of cities, or the decay of teeth. We are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sculpture or lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage in rivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before an examination Causal reasoning may go from cause to effect or from effect to cause. Either way, we reason from what we know to what we want to find out. Sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to another effect. Thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, the refrigerator wont work, we first relate the effect (lights out) to the cause (power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator not working). This kind of reasoning is called, for short, effect to effect. It is quite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. When the lights go out we might reason in the following causal chain: lights out power off refrigerator not working temperature will rise milk will sour. In other words, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becoming the cause of the next. Causes are classified as necessary, sufficient, or contributory. A necessary cause is one which must be present for the effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine. A sufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may be more than one sufficient cause: a dead battery is enough to keep a car from starting, but faulty spark plugs, or an empty gas tank will have the same effect. A contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so by itself, as running through a red light may help cause an accident, though other factors pedestrians or other cars in the intersection must also be present. In establishing or refuting a causal relation it is usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged cause produces the effect. Such an explanation is called a causal process.What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about _.Arelationships between causes and resultsBclassification of reasoningCsome other common types of reasoningDsome special type of reasoning 8.Questions 18-21 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their vacation plans.What are the two speakers talking aboutAItalian lifestyle.BTheir school life.CHoliday plans.DCultural holiday. 9.It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation. Language learning begins with (26) . Individual children (27) greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and (28) starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken (29) some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly (30) as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by (31) and by making questioning noises. Any (32) to trace the development from the noises babies (33) to their first spoken words leads to (34) difficulties. It is (35) that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises (36) themselves out as particularly (37) of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the babys intention to (38) , they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they (39) with sounds for enjoyment, and (40) by six months they are able to add new sounds to their (41) . This self-imitation leads on to (42) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them (43) other people. The problem then (44) as to the point at (45) one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.AlisteningBspeakingCreadingDwriting 10.Questions 14-17 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their holiday plans.What can we learn about the mans sister from the conversationAShe is married.BShe is younger than the man.CShe earns her living by teaching.DShe is a strange person. 11.At what time did the conversation take placeA5:00.B5:20.C5:30.D5:40. 12.Questions 22-25 are based on a job interview.What is the man interested in at the beginning of the conversationAHow the woman became an assistant manager so young.BHow the woman would deal with problems of authority.CWhether the woman minds him taking notes.DHow the woman deals with her boss. 13.The human nose has given to the language of the world many interesting expressions. Of course, this is not surprising. Without the nose, obviously, we could not breathe or smell. It is the part of the face that gives a person special character. Cyrano de Bergerac said a large nose showed a great man courageous, courteous, manly and intellectual. A famous woman poet wished that she had two noses to smell a rose! Blaise Pascal, a French philosopher, made an interesting comment about Cleopatras nose. If it had been shorter, he said, it would have changed the whole face of the world! Historically, mans nose has had a principal role in his imagination. Man has referred to the nose in many ways to express his emotions. Expressions concerning the nose refer to human weakness: anger, jealousy and revenge. In English there are a number of phrases about the nose. For example, to hold up ones nose expresses a basic human feeling pride. People can hold up their noses at people, things, and places. The phrase, to be led around by the nose, shows mans weakness. A person who is led around by the nose lets other people control him. On the other hand, a person who follows his nose lets his instinct guide him. For the human emotion of rejection, the phrase to have ones nose put out of joint is very descriptive. The expression applies to persons who have been turned aside because of a competitor. Their pride is hurt and they feel rejected. This expression is not new. It was used by Erasmus in 1542. This is only a sampling of expressions in English dealing with the nose. There are a number of others. However, it should be as plain as the nose on your face that the nose is more than an organ for breathing and smelling!Which of the following can be the best title of the passageAMans Nose Reflecting His Language AbilityBMans Nose and Interesting ExpressionsCAs Plain as the Nose on the FaceDFamous People Talking about Mans Nose 14.Questions 11-13 are based on a talk about birth order.What do people usually say about middle childrenAThey grow up to be funny and charming.BThey get less attention than the first children.CThey have a poor sense of direction.DThey follow their own ideas. 15.Questions 18-21 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their vacation plans.When will the man arrive at the airportA9 in the morning.B11 in the morning.CAbout 10 in the morning.D12 at noon. 16.Questions 14-17 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their holiday plans.Whose family is a close-knit familyAThe mans.BThe womans.CBoth.DNeither. 17.Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and results. We want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay of cities, or the decay of teeth. We are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sculpture or lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage in rivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before an examination Causal reasoning may go from cause to effect or from effect to cause. Either way, we reason from what we know to what we want to find out. Sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to another effect. Thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, the refrigerator wont work, we first relate the effect (lights out) to the cause (power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator not working). This kind of reasoning is called, for short, effect to effect. It is quite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations. When the lights go out we might reason in the following causal chain: lights out power off refrigerator not working temperature will rise milk will sour. In other words, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becoming the cause of the next. Causes are classified as necessary, sufficient, or contributory. A necessary cause is one which must be present for the effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine. A sufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may be more than one sufficient cause: a dead battery is enough to keep a car from starting, but faulty spark plugs, or an empty gas tank will have the same effect. A contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so by itself, as running through a red light may help cause an accident, though other factors pedestrians or other cars in the intersection must also be present. In establishing or refuting a causal relation it is usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged cause produces the effect. Such an explanation is called a causal process.According to the passage, to do the "effect to effect" reasoning is to reason _.Afrom cause to effectBfrom effect to causeCfrom effect to effect and on to causeDfrom effect to cause and on to another effect 18.It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation. Language learning begins with (26) . Individual children (27) greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and (28) starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken (29) some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly (30) as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by (31) and by making questioning noises. Any (32) to trace the development from the noises babies (33) to their first spoken words leads to (34) difficulties. It is (35) that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises (36) themselves out as particularly (37) of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the babys intention to (38) , they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they (39) with sounds for enjoyment, and (40) by six months they are able to add new sounds to their (41) . This self-imitation leads on to (42) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them (43) other people. The problem then (44) as to the point at (45) one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.AvaryBchangeCdifferentiateDtransform 19.Questions 11-13 are based on a talk about birth order.What can we learn about later children in a family from a recent study of birth orderAThey usually follow orders.BThey dont take chances.CThey dont live with the other family members.DThey are more likely to be successful in life. 20.Questions 22-25 are based on a job interview.Why does the woman think she will be suitable for the postABecause she has a great deal of experience in senior management.BBecause she has a lack of experience in senior management.CBecause she will bring a new approach to the job.DBecause she has a MBA. 21.Questions 18-21 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their vacation plans.What is the man going to do in ItalyALie on the beach.BDraw pictures.CVisit museums.DVisit some friends. 22.Questions 14-17 are based on a dialogue between two friends about their holiday plans.What can we infer from the conversationAThe woman is married.BThe woman feels crazy about her big family.CThe mans family members never get together.DThe woman feels excited about going home for the holidays. 23.What is the most probable relationship between Lucy and AliceATwins.BCousins.CFriends.DClassmates. 24.The human nose has given to the language of the world many interesting expressions. Of course, this is not surprising. Without the nose, obviously, we could not breathe or smell. It is the part of the face that gives a person special character. Cyrano de Bergerac said a large nose showed a great man courageous, courteous, manly and intellectual. A famous woman poet wished that she had two noses to smell a rose! Blaise Pascal, a French philosopher, made an interesting comment about Cleopatras nose. If it had been shorter, he said, it would have changed the whole face of the world! Historically, mans nose has had a principal role in his imagination. Man has re