(江苏专版)2018年高考英语二轮复习 增分篇 专题巧突破 专题三 阅读理解 阅读理解组合练(二).pdf

阅读理解组合练阅读理解组合练( (二二) )(限时 30 分钟)A A(2017镇江市高三模拟考试)Raise. meRaise. meRaise。 me is a neutral platform that allows sponsors and colleges to awardMicro 。 ScholarshipstostudentsbasedonCollegesand/orSponsorsawardcriteria.By using the services， you should understand the following：Connecting with UsersConnecting with Users：Educators may only connect with students from the schools or organizationsthattheyserve,andmayconnectwithanindividualstudentonlywiththatstudents permission. Educators may also connect with colleges and spo nsors viathe services.Studentsmayonlyconnectwitheducatorsfromtheirownschoolsandorganizations,andmayconnectwithanindividualeducatoronlywiththateducators permission.Students may elect to follow sponsors via the services。 Sponsors may onlyview the profiles (简介) of students who elect to follow them。Qualifying for MicroQualifying for MicroScholarshipsScholarships：Students can earn Micro。Scholarships based on the courses and achievementsthey add to their profiles while they are in high school.Students may only be awarded Micro。Scholarships from colleges and sponsorsthattheyfollowbeforetheapplicableCollegesand/orSponsors“FollowDeadline” for their class year, which is a date set by each college and sponsorandstatedonsuchcollegesorsponsorspageontheservices.OnceaColleges or Sponsors Follow Deadline has passed, students who are seniors inhigh school may not continue to earn Micro。Scholarships from such college orsponsor.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文.本文主要介绍了美国的创业公司 Raise。me 通过自身的平台由赞助商和大学向学生提供微型奖学金的服务.1By using the services， both educators and students may _.Aconnect with the schools or organizations at the same timeBget in touch with each other with both sides permissionCconnect with colleges and sponsors at the proper timeDfreely elect sponsors who elect to follow them解析:选 B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Educators 。 . may connect with anindividual student only with that students permission.”和第四段“Students .。may connect with an individual educator only with that educators permission.”可知，教师只有经过学生的允许才能跟他取得联系，而学生也只有经过教师的允许才能跟他取得联系。由此可知，教师和学生需经过双方的允许才能彼此联系。故选 B 项.2 WhatarethequalificationsforstudentstobeawardedMicro 。Scholarships？AMaking academic achievements and meeting the “Follow Deadline”BMaking beautiful profiles and completing the required courses。CSetting an accurate date and meeting the “Follow Deadline”DContinuing to contact sponsors and adding an academic achievement。解析：选 A细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Students can earn Micro.Scholarshipsbased on the courses and achievements 。.。和第七段第一句中的“Students may onlybe awarded Micro.Scholarships。Follow Deadline for their class year”可知，学生们基于课程和成绩可能会获得微型奖学金；在适用的大学和 (或）赞助商的“后续截止日期之前，学生可能会被授予来自大学和赞助商的微型奖学金。由此可知 ,学业成绩优秀并满足同“后续截止日期相关的条件的学生有资格被授予微型奖学金。故选 A 项。B（2017扬州市期末检测 )Britains housing crisis has reached a new peak withthe average Londoner now needing a massive 14 times their annual salary to affordto buy in the capital。The research shows the crisis isnt limited to Londoneithermanyothercities ，includingCambridgeandOxford,alsohavedouble.digit price to earnings ratios （比率）. Across the UK as a whole, people now need on average six 。and。a.half times their annual salary to buytheir own home。As a result of being unable to afford to buy in the southern cities, familiesare being forced to move out to areas where house prices are lower. But this isputting increasing pressure on prices in cities such as Manchester and Birminghamwherehousepriceinflationissettorocket.“Regionalcitieshavemoreattractive affordability levels and house prices have a significant potentialupside for growth in the near term subject to（受支配） the outlook for theeconomy,” Richard Donnell from Hometrack said.In a bid to ease the increasing pressure in the Britains housing market,earlier thisweekChancelloroftheExchequerPhilipHammondreleaseda newHousingInfrastructureFundwhichthegovernmenthopeswillsupporttheconstruction of 100,000 new homes in areas which “need them most”. But Donnellsaid: “These measures focus on the longer termchallenges of addressing housingsupplyandwillhavelimitedimpactonthecurrentsituationofhousingaffordability ，whichwillbedecidedbymarketforcesandhouseholdsexpectations for jobs and the cost of borrowing。While mortgage （抵押贷款） rates are at their lowest ever level ， making itcheap to borrow, it seems fewer people are being approved for a loan 。 YesterdaytheBritishBankersAssociationpublishedfiguresshowingthatmortgageapprovals were 10 per cent down in October from a year earlier.Fewer approvalsand the continuing squeeze on affordability are pushing an increasing number ofwould。be homeowners out of the market.Communities Secretary Sajid Javid said: “We have been clear that we need tobuild a lot more homes if we are to achieve a country that works for everyone.That is why we are announcing the biggest housing investment in a generation tostep up house building. With a doubling in capital spending, we are stimulating(刺激） the market needs for a step change in the number of homes being built inthe places people want to live。”错误错误! !3What is the present condition of the house price in the UK?APeople in some places need to pay over ten times price to earnings ratiosto buy houses.BThe British still feel affordability is under their control despite theprice increase.CFacing the price increase， more and more people are rushing to buy houses.DNow people have to pay six.and.a。half times the previous house price。解析：选 A细节理解题.根据第一段的“14 times their annual salary”“double。digit price to earnings ratios （比率)等数据可知 A 项正确。4It can be inferred from Richard Donnells words that _。Apeople in regional cities will burden more pressure of moving outBpeople in regional cities would choose to build rockets rather than housesChouse prices in regional cities have the potential for increaseDhouse prices in regional cities will turn economic growth upside down解析：选 C推理判断题 .根据第二段中的“Regional cities have more attractiveaffordability levels and house prices have a significant potential upside forgrowth可知，区域城市的房价有上涨的可能，所以选 C。5According to the passage, the effective solution to the housing crisis is_。Ato lower the mortgage ratesBto promote housing constructionCto increase citizens earningsDto move people to regional cities解析:选 B细节理解题。根据最后一段的“build a lot more homes” “announcingthe biggest housing investment in a generation to step up house building”和“astep change in the number of homes being built”可以看出 ,解决住房危机的最有效的方法是“促进住房建设(promote housing construction)”。所以选 B.C（2017苏、锡、常、镇四市高三调研)Scientists should be allowed to change a persons DNA in ways that will be passed on to future generations, but onlyto prevent serious and strongly heritable（遗传） diseases， according to a newreport from the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine.However， making changes to these genes in order to improve or change traits suchas strength, intelligence or beauty should remain off.limits ， the report authorsconcluded。Changing the so.called germline ( 种系） is illegal in the United States. Ithas largely been considered ethically off。limits here as well, at least whilebioethicistsandscientistsconsideredtheunforeseeneffectsandunexaminedmoral dilemmas of using new gene。editing technologies.However,scientistshavemovedforwardto explore the possibility of changing diseaseotheradulthumancellswitharevolutionaryknown as CRISPR.Cas9. It is widely believed thataggressivelygenestechniquegeneeditinginof this sort could treat patients with metabolic （ 新 陈代 谢的 ）disorders ，certain cancers， and a range of other diseases that arise from genetic mutations（突变) without changing the germline.Last year ， Chinese scientists launched a trial that uses CRISPRCas9 in atreatment for lungcancer 。While the trials outcomeis awaited with highanticipation,scientistsoutsideChinahaveexpressedconcernthatethicalreservations in the United States and Europe will put them at a disadvantage。CRISPR。Cas9 makes gene editing more straightforward, more precise and farmorewidespread.Assuch,theNationalAcademiesreportacknowledgesthatchanging heritable DNA in eggs, sperm and early embryos is fast becoming “arealistic possibility that deserves serious consideration”The 22.member panel of scientists and bioethicists who produced the reportcompleted a comprehensive review of the issues raised by that prospect。Clinical trials involving germline editing should only be pursued to treatdiseases that cannot be improved with“reasonable alternatives， the 22.memberpanel of scientists and bioethicists said。 In addition, they added， scientists should convincingly demonstrate they are targeting a gene thateither causes or strongly makes a carrier likely to suffer from a serious diseaseorcondition,andthattheyhaveweighedthelikelyrisksandbenefitsofchanging that gene.Finally， scientists should conduct long.term follow 。up studies to know howgene editing affects the next generations。Public debate and discussion aboutthe technology should continue, the panel added。语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了基因编辑技术新的发展概况以及人们对此的一些担忧。6In what circumstances can scientists change a persons DNA？AMaking a person look much younger.BProtecting future generations from some heritable diseases.CUsing the most advanced gene.editing technologies。DChanging the germline for a better function。解析：选 B细节理解题.根据第一段第一句中的“。. only to prevent serious andstrongly heritable （遗传) diseases”可知，在将防止把严重的、遗传性较强的疾病传给下一代作为出发点的前提下,科学家可以改变一个人的 DNA,故 B 项正确。7What is the advantage of CRISPR.Cas9?AIt can treat diseases more precisely without changing the germline。BIt can successfully cure people of most deadly diseases.CIt can change genes in adult human cells。DIt can stop genetic mutations。解析：选 A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是最后一句中的“without changingthe germline”可知，CRISPR。Cas9 这种基因编辑技术可以在不改变种系的情况下用于治疗疾病；再根据第五段的第一句“CRISPR。 Cas9 makes gene editing more straightforward,more precise and far more widespread。”可知，CRISPR。Cas9 这种基因编辑技术可以更为准确地治疗疾病。综上可知，A 项正确。8What possible conclusion can be drawn according to the passage?AFuture generations will live longer and become more intelligent。BChinese scientists created CRISPRCas9 and put it into use.CThe gene editing is strictly forbidden for moral dilemmas.DThe gene editing research is still at the primary stage。解析：选 D推理判断题。根据第二段及第五段的内容可知，基因编辑的技术(发展)在很大程度上受到了限制，且改变可遗传的 DNA 目前只是“一种值得认真考虑的现实可能性”；再 结 合 第 六 段 中 的 “prospect 、 第 七 段 中 的 “the likely risks and benefits ofchanging that gene”及最后一段的内容提示可推知，基因编辑的研究仍处于初级阶段，故 D项正确.9What does this report mainly talk about?AA new gene。editing technology and concerns about it.BA germline。editing technology and approval for it。CClinical trials of gene editing and social values of them。DSome germline clinical trials and scientific effects of them。解析：选 A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项名为 CRISPR.Cas9 的基因编辑新技术及人们对基因编辑技术的担忧，所以 A 项最能概括本文大意。D(2017江苏省六市高三联考）About 15 years ago，I taughtA Problem fromHell，a book on genocide (大屠杀）， to a group of 18 and 19year。olds in amid.west university in the US 。 In my class there was a young man who had spenthis boyhood in Bosnia as NATO bombed his hometown. My other students, amazed byhis connection to the genocide in the textbook, asked him what it was like togrow up in a war 。zone. “A pretty normal childhood as you had here， he said.“We played cards inside a lot, and when there was no bombing we kicked a ball inthe street。”In the past few years ， the world has seen a rapid increase in refugees（难民）, with the number hitting 60 million. Viet Thanh Nguyens story collectionThe Refugeesreminds us that literature is news that stays news. Set in theVietnamese communities in California as well as in Vietnam, the stories do notaim to surprise us with new twists or shock us with wonderful details， as warand refugee stories could easily choose to do. Rather, like the young man fromBosnia， Nguyens characters tell these stories because they are the only onesknown to them.Included in the collection are two of the most touching pieces， both aboutsiblings (兄弟或姊妹 ) separated by geography and history. InBlack。Eyed Women,the narrator （讲述人 )， a young Vietnamese woman ， is visited by the ghost ofher elder brother, who died young on the boat when the family took flight fromthe war. The tale of love and loss ，violence and violation ，may not beunfamiliar to the reader, but the determination of the brothers ghost（he hastaken decades to swim across the Pacific to reach America ）and the sistersabandoning herself to a half death make the story lasting。Asanecho ，theclosingstory ，Fatherland,exploresamorecomplexsituation between two siblings 。 The narrator， a young Vietnamese woman ， meetsher half.sister, visiting from the US for the first time. Adding to the tensionis the fact that her father has named the narrator and her siblings after hisfirst set of children 。 Two sisters， one American and one Vietnamese, yet namedthe same by the father it may sound strange，but isnt it the fate manyrefugees have to face： a life left behind ， that could have been theirs ； and alife in an adopted country.The theme of doubleness choice and inevitability （不可避免性）， home andhomelessness,startingafreshandbeingstuck-ispresentnotonlyinthestories of Vietnamese refugees ， but also of those who have become refugees fromtheir own homes and loved ones. “Smiling at your relatives never got you veryfar, but smiling at strangers and acquaintances sometimes did 。”So a pilot, whofought in the Vietnam war and is now revisiting the country for the first time，thinks while waving at the locals from a tour bus 。Hes distant from hisdaughter, just as a Mexican American in the collection is distant from his wife,or a young man from Hong Kong is distant from his father。The collection is full of refugees ， whether from external or from a deeper,more internal conflict between even those who are closest to each other。 Withanger but not despair ， with reconciliation（和解 ) but not unrealistichope，and with genuine humour that is not used to insult anyone， Nguyen has breathedlife into many unforgettable characters。语篇解读:本文主要介绍了一本关于难民的故事集。10The first paragraph is intended to _.Adescribe the boring life of war victimsBappeal to the readers to help war victimsCcriticize NATOs killing of innocent peopleDintroduce the story collectionThe Refugees解析：选 D推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，第一段的主要作用是通过一个故事来引出下文。因此选 D. 11.Which of the following aboutThe Refugees is TRUE？AIt tells the news in a literary form。BIt is full of surprising twists and plots.CThe author experiences the stories himself.DIts characters narrate their own stories。解析：选 D细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后一句话可知，本书中所有的故事都是由故事经历者本人亲口叙述的。所以选 D。12How areBlack。Eyed Women andFatherland mainly developed？ABy giving examples.CBy providing evidence.BBy making contrasts。DBy making classifications。解析：选 B写作手法题.根据第三段的最后一句话和第四段的最后一句话可知，这两个故事主要是通过对比的手法写的.因此选 B。13We can infer from Paragraph 5 that _.Arelatives hate their loved ones for being left behindBseparation from loved ones tends to make them distantCpeople become refugees due to their double characterDsmiling is a good way to keep loved ones together解析：选B推理判断题 .根据第五段中的“but also of those who have becomerefugees from their own homes and loved ones”和“Hes distant from his daugh