2022年湖北考研英语考试真题卷.docx

2022年湖北考研英语考试真题卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.An appropriate title for the passage could be _.ATraill' s Dining RoomBFarmer John GrayCBobby the FaithfulDLord Provost William Chambers 2.Which of the following best describes the relationship between law and powerALaw is the protector of power.BLaw is the source of power.CLaw sets buns to power.DLaw is a product of power. 3.The author's primary purpose in defining power is to _.Acounteract self-serving and confusing uses of the termBestablish a compromise among those who have defined the term in different waysCincrease comprehension of the term by providing concrete examplesDavoid possible misinterpretations resulting from the more common uses of the term 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned or implied about BobbyABobby had refused to live in other people' s home.BBobby was devoted and faithful to his master.CBobby was once arrested because he did something wrong.DBobby was protected by Lord Provost William Chambers until his death. 5.From the passage, we know that Bobby was _.AJohn Gray' s servantBa dogCa vagrantDJohn Gray' s son 6.The author' s attitude toward the various kinds of compulsion employed by social institutions is best described as _.Aconcerned and sympatheticBscientific and detachedCsuspicious and cautiousDreproachful and disturbed 7.The phrase "familiar sights" in the first sentence is nearest in meaning to _.A"people who are familiar with the surroundings"B"people who enjoy sightseeing"C"people who have very good eye-sights.”D"people or objects that are often seen around by others" 8.The word "omnipresent" in line 4, Para. 3 probably means _.AeternalBstrategicCpresent everywhereDsovereign 9.The phrase "fair or foul" in the second paragraph is used to describe _.Athe graveyardBthe weatherCBobbyDTraill 10.Art is subjective in that _.Aa personal and emotional view of history is presented through itBit can easily rouse our anger or sadness about social problemsCit will find a ready echo in our heartsDboth B and C 11.The passage mainly discusses _.Athe difference between general history and art historyBthe making of art historyCwhat we can learn from artDthe influence of artists on art history 12.In the first sentence of the second paragraph, the word "skyrocketed" most probably means _.Abecame variousBwas updatedCincreased rapidlyDremained the same 13.It may be concluded from this passage that _.AIslamic artists have had to create architectural decoration with images of flowers or geometric formsBhistory teachers are more objective than artistsCit is more difficult to study art history than general historyDpeople and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other building in order to popularize the Bible 14.The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that _.Athe introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmersBthe use of internal-combustion engine as a chief power source for the farm produced great influenceCthe mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their workDingenious improvements were made in fanning machines in the 1860s to yield production 15.By saying that the problems of mechanizing some areas are not only cultural in nature, the author means _.Amechanization is not yet introduced in some areas for economic reasonsBhuman and animal labour in some areas are less expensiveCculture is not a factor in obstacling the introduction of mechanizationDdifferent kinds of mechanized farming tools are used in different cultures 16.More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because art history _.Ashows us the religious beliefs and emotions of a people in addition to political values.Bprovides us with information about the daily activities of people in the pastCgives us an insight into the essential qualities of a time and a placeDall of the above 17.In the tropical areas, _.Amechanization is not yet used in agricultureBagriculture is accepted fastestCa lot of farm work is still done in the old wayDmechanization is avoided to save primitive forest 18.From the second paragraph, we know that _.AAmerica is highly mechanized in agricultureBagriculture innovation is quite popular in U. S.Cequipment is only available in fertilizing the plantDdifferent machines are invented to do different laborious jobs 19.What does the word "ineligible" in para. 1 mean_AimproperBunqualifiedCindecentDdangerous 20.Approximately what percentage of the population in India most probably observes the custom of arranged marriage_Aunder 30 percentB50 percentC55 percentDover 70 percent 21.According to the passage, which of the foilowing best describes normal Indian families _AGrandparents, parents, and children live togetherBA young couple must h. ave enough money to be able to afford their own house when they get marriageCEvery member of a family has an equal voice in making decisionsDRelatives do not interfere in each other's affairs 22.Cupta has estimated that Indian marriages based on love occur among less than one percent of the population because_Amarriage is treated as an alliance between two families rather than two individuals,Bin a family, there are several generations living togetherClove implies a transference of loyalty from one individual to anotherDyoung couples without love will develop feelings of affection after marriage 23.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage_ATo Hindus, marriage is important but not necessaryBAlthough family is important, no one expects young Indians to give up their own happiness for the benefit of the familyCYoung Indians do not traditionally go on dates with their future spousesDAlthough many marriages are still arranged, most young people nowadays choose their marriage partner on the basis of love 24.With which of the following opinions would the author be likely to agree_AWomen's lives significantly improved as the United States economy expandedBWomen had more opportunities for employment in the western United States than in other regionsCThe home after 1820 was a superior social entity to that of the eighteenth centuryDIncreased social fragmentation negatively affected middle class family life 25.Which of the following is not mentioned as an example of the social changes occurring in the United States after 1821)_AIncreased social mobilityBIncreased immigrationCSignificant movement of populationDStrong emphasis on traditional social values 26.According to the passage, as the nineteenth century progressed, the people of the United States_Aemigrated to other countriesBoften settled in the WestCtended to change the place in which they livedDhad a higher rate of birth than ever before 27.What does the passage mainly discuss_AThe economic development of the United States in the eighteenth centuryBWays in which economic development led to social changes in the United StatesCPopulation growth in the western United StatesDThe increasing availability of industrial jobs for women in the Unites States 28.Which of the following best describes the society about which David Donald wrote_AA highly conservative society that was resistant to new ideasBA society that was undergoing fundamental changeCA society that had been gradually changing since the early 1700sDA nomadic society that was starting permanent settlements 29.The wise man's remarks suggest that_Ait's unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB'it's certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itCit's only natural for virtue to defeat evilDit's desirable for good men to keep away from evil 30.The writer is sorry to have noticed that_Apeople in large cities tend to excuse criminalsBpeople 'in small towns 'still stick to old discipline and standardsCtoday's society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyDpeople in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities 31.The main idea of the passage is that_Astricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesBmore good examples should be set for people to followCmore restrictions should be imposed on people's behaviorDmore people should accept the value of accountability 32.Compared with those in small.towns, people in large cities have_Aless self-disciplineBbetter sense of disciplineCmore mutual respectDless effective government 33.Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion,_Aroad users should make more sacrificeBdrivers should be ready to yield to each otherCdrivers should have more communication among themselvesDdrivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others 34.By saying "you might tolerate the odd road-hog. the rode. "( Para. 1 ) the author implies that_Aour society is unjust towards well-mannered motoristsBrode drivers can be met-only occasionallyCthe well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hogDnowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists 35.In the writer's opinion,_Astrict traffic regulations are badly neededBdrivers should apply road politeness properlyCrode drivers should be punishedDdrivers should avoid traffic jams 36.The words “good sense”( Para. 2) probably mean_Athe driver's ability to understand and react reasonably'Bthe driver's prompt response to difficult and severe conditionsCthe driver's tolerance of rode or even savage behaviorDthe driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations 37.According to the passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by_Apeople's attitude towards the road-hogBthe rhythm of modem lifeCthe behavior of the driverDtraffic conditions 38.According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime_Asociety is to be held responsibleBmodem civilization is responsible for itCthe criminal himself should bear the blameDthe standards of living should be improved 39.Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Text 1 Improving the balance between the working part of the day and the rest of it is a goal of a growing number of workers in rich Western countries. Some are turning away from the ideals of their parents, for whom work always came first; others with scarce skills are demanding more because they know they can get it. Employers, Caught between a falling population of workers and tight controls on immigration, are eager to identify extra perks that will lure more talent their way. Just now they are focusing on benefits (especially flexible working) that offer employees more than just pay. Some companies saw the change of mood some time ago. IBM has more than 50 different programmes promoting work-life balance and Bank of America over 30. But plenty of other firms remain unconvinced and many lack the capacity to cater to such ideas even if they wanted to. Helen Muftis, with Hay Group, a human-resources consultancy, sees a widening gap between firms at the creative end of employment and those that are not. The chief component of almost all schemes to promote work-life balance is flexible working. This allows people to escape rigid nine-to-five schedules and work away from a formal office. IBM says that 40% of its employees today work off the company premises. For many businesses, flexible working is a necessity. Globalization has spread the hours in which workers need to communicate with each other and increased the call for flexible shifts. Nella Barkley, an American who advises companies on work-life balance, says that large firms ale beginning to understand the value of such schemes, but only slowly. For most of them, they still mean little more than child care, health care and flexible working. To some extent, the proliferation of work-life-balance schemes is a function of today’s labour market. Companies in knowledge, based industries worry about the shortage of skills and how they are going to persuade talented people to work for them. Although white-collar workers are more likely to be laid off nowadays, they are also likely to get rehired. Unemployment among college graduates in America is just over 2%. The same competition for scarce. talent is evident in Britain. For some time to come, talented people in the West will demand more from employers, and clever employers will create new gewgaws to entice them to join. Those employers should note that for a growing number of these workers the most appealing gewgaw of all is the freedom to work as and when they please.The word "gewgaws" (Line 2, Paragraph 6) most probably means（）Ajewelry.Bpositons.Cpolicies.Dpayment.40.Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Text 1 Improving the balance between the working part of the day and the rest of it is a goal of a growing number of workers in rich Western countries. Some are turning away from the ideals of their parents, for whom work always came first; others with scarce skills are demanding more because they know they can get it. Employers, Caught between a falling population of workers and tight controls on immigration, are eager to identify extra perks that will lure more talent their way. Just now they are focusing on benefits (especially flexible working) that offer employees more than just pay. Some companies saw the change of mood some time ago. IBM has more than 50 different programmes promoting work-life balance and Bank of America over 30. But plenty of other firms remain unconvinced an