必2unit5Grammar.ppt

人教课标人教课标 高一高一 必修必修 2 Unit 5The Attributive ClauseCan you find two sentences in the reading passage that contain “of which /in which” attributive clause?The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band. 有关系代词或关系副词引导用来修饰有关系代词或关系副词引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句的从句, 叫定语从句。叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词词叫先行词, 从句跟在先行词后面。从句跟在先行词后面。 定语从句的构成方法是：关系代词或定语从句的构成方法是：关系代词或副词副词 + 陈述句语序陈述句语序, 关系代词有关系代词有: who, whom, whose, which, that, as等等; 关系副词关系副词有有when, where, why等。等。关系代词有关系代词有双重功能双重功能, 一方面代表前一方面代表前面所修饰的面所修饰的先行词先行词, 把从句与先行词把从句与先行词连接起来连接起来; 另一方面引导出从句并另一方面引导出从句并在在从句中充当某种句子成分从句中充当某种句子成分。1. The number of people who / that lost homes reached as many as 250, 000.2. It sounded like a train which / that was going under my house.关系代词指物时只用关系代词指物时只用which不用不用that的情况的情况(1) 关系代词在从句中作关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介介词宾语并且介词提前至关系代词前时词提前至关系代词前时只用只用which, 但但当介词在从句句尾时当介词在从句句尾时, 两者皆可。两者皆可。 This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. = This is the question which / that weve had so much discussion about.(2) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用在非限定性定语从句中必须用 which 不能用不能用that。 This is the book which / that Im looking for. They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.当关系代词作当关系代词作 look after, look for 等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时语的宾语时, 介词不可以提前。介词不可以提前。1. 关系副词关系副词 where 指地点指地点, 在从句中作在从句中作地点状语。地点状语。 This is the house where he lived.2. 关系副词关系副词 when 指时间指时间, 在从句中作时在从句中作时间状语。间状语。 Ill never forget the days when we played together.3. 关系副词关系副词 why 指原因指原因, 在从句中作原因在从句中作原因状语。状语。 He explained the reason why he was late.注意注意: 关系副词有时可用关系副词有时可用 介词介词 + which 来来代替。如上句中代替。如上句中 where = in which; when = on which; why = for whichRewrite the sentence using the attributive clause:1. I remember the day. “The Beatles” played their first hit on that day. I remember the day when “The Beatles” played their first hit. 2. The guitar was lost while he was touring. George gave many performances with it. The guitar with which George gave many performances was lost while he was touring.3. The musicians were very popular. They worked with the musicians. The musicians with whom they worked were very popular. 1. that 与与 which 1. Nothing _ can be done has been done. 2. Do you have anything _ you dont understand?thatthat先行词是先行词是 everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none 等不定代等不定代词，引导定语从句用词，引导定语从句用that。1. This is the best TV _ is made in China.2. The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用that。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.that先行词被先行词被 any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时修饰时, 引引导定语从句用导定语从句用that。1. The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2. A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用语从句用 that。thatthat Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?thatwho做先行词做先行词时，引导定时，引导定语从句用语从句用that。1. Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.2. This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.3. Xiao Wang, with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用，指人用whom。1) 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book _ which you asked.注意注意: 动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前。动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前。forThe old man whom I am looking after is better.2. 如何判断介词如何判断介词2). 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.with3) 根据先行词判断根据先行词判断, 所用的介词与先行词所用的介词与先行词搭配搭配 This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.in the front ofwhose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句表示所属关系表示所属关系The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whose3. whose 的使用的使用There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A. whose backgrounds B. the backgrounds of whom C. of whom the backgrounds D. the backgrounds of whoseThe earth is round, _ we all know._ is known to all, the earth is round._ is known to all that the earth is round.as AsIt4. as 的使用的使用定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as, as具有正如之意，与之搭配具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的。的动词一般是固定的。 This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句定语从句This is such an interesting book _ we all like it.This is so interesting a book _ we all like it.thatthat这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。结果状语从句结果状语从句1. It is very useful to master a foreign language, _ has been said before. which2. _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize. Asas引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首。引导定语从句不能放在句首。as译为正如，好像译为正如，好像, which则没有此义。则没有此义。 Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. This is the museum _ I visited last year.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat5. when, where, why 与与 that, which 的区分的区分 This is the reason _ (= for which) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.why / thatwhich / that指时间，地点或原因的先行词指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。6. 定语从句中的动词的数定语从句中的动词的数He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise. He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise. hashave关系词在定语从句中做主语时，关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词。谓语动词的数取决于先行词。从从A、B、C、D四个选项四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。的最佳选项。1. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _ had taken more than three years. (江西江西2011)A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which2. Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future. (上海上海2010)A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which3. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (陕西陕西2008)A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of which4. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. (四川四川2008)A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which5. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. (北京北京2007)A. that B. which C. what D. whom6. It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (四川四川2007)A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which1. Theres no man _ he can turn for help.2. My brother loves books _ he spends almost all his money.3. The speed _ light travels is about 300, 000 km per second.to whomon which at which用用“介词介词 + which / whom”的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。4. His brother, _ I went to the zoo, took many pictures there. 5. The documents _ they were searching have been recovered.6. Mathematics is the subject _ I am most interested.7. This is the question _ we have had a discussion.8. Is that the girl _ you lent your bicycle?with whomfor whichin whichabout/on/over whichto whom