定语从句中应注意的几个问题（好课件）.ppt

定语从句中应注意的定语从句中应注意的 几个问题几个问题一、引导定语从句的关系词一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代人 whowho，whomwhom，thatthat指代事物指代事物 whichwhich，thatthat所属关系所属关系 whosewhose，of whichof which指地点指地点 wherewhere指时间指时间 whenwhen指原因指原因 whywhy二、关系代词二、关系代词that和和which在很多情况下可以互在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用换，但下列情况只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that 先行词是先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we have received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time. that that that that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _suffers pain,death,harm,etc. thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用导定语从句用that .Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ? that thatWho做先行词时，引导做先行词时，引导定语从句用定语从句用that 。Well done !三、不用三、不用that，而用，而用which，who，whom的情况的情况He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad, _ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用，指人用who或或whom。Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用指人用whom。 注意：如何判断介词注意：如何判断介词The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.within3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front ofThe committee consists of 20 members, 5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems, most of _ was written in 1930s.whomwhichThere are two left, one of _ is almost finished ,and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I dont understand.whichwhichwhich名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+ of +which/whomWhere 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.Ill show you the paint where you failed.注意注意 1 1若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhich注意注意 2 2区分区分where引导的定语从句和引导的定语从句和状语从句状语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。从句，否则是状语从句。When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.When 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句先行词是表示时间的名词，用先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引引导定语从句。在从句中作状语。导定语从句。在从句中作状语。Ill never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when we wont be busy.注意注意：若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhy引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用先行词是表示原因的名词，用why引引导定语从句。在从句中作状语。导定语从句。在从句中作状语。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.The reason _ she gave was not true.whichthatwhose 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whoseThere are in this class 20 students, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose限制性定语从句与非限制限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别性定语从句的区别 1。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就不完整或不明确。非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚。2，限制性定语从句与主句之间不能用，限制性定语从句与主句之间不能用逗号分开，非限制性定语从句与主句之逗号分开，非限制性定语从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开间要用逗号隔开.The film which was shown just now is very exciting. (限制性限制性)We saw an exciting film , which is about how people fight against pollution. (非限制性非限制性)试比较试比较She has a son who is a doctor. （不止一个）（不止一个）She has a son, who is a doctor. （仅有一个）（仅有一个）He said nothing that made her angry. （没说使她生气的话）（没说使她生气的话）He said nothing, which made her angry.（他没作声，这使她非常生气）（他没作声，这使她非常生气）3.限制性定语从句可以用限制性定语从句可以用that引导引导; 非非限制性定语从句不用限制性定语从句不用that引导引导,应用应用 which. That is the interesting novel that/which you are eager to read.I read an interesting novel, which was about the Long March.4.限制性定语从句的关系代词做宾语时可限制性定语从句的关系代词做宾语时可省略。非限制性定语从句的关系代词作宾省略。非限制性定语从句的关系代词作宾语时则不能省略，介词后的关系代词也不语时则不能省略，介词后的关系代词也不能省略。能省略。I will never forget the days (that/which) we spent together.He is the man to whom you can turn for help.His mother, whom he loved dearly,died in1918.5。 限制性定语从句只修饰先行词，非限限制性定语从句只修饰先行词，非限制性定语从句可以修饰先行词，也可以修制性定语从句可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰其前面的整个句字或句字的一部分。饰其前面的整个句字或句字的一部分。She failed to the exam again, which made her mother very angry.He will made a trip to Suzhou, which is famous for its beautiful scenery. 1. The man _ is our new teacher. A whom you speak B whom you spoke to C with whom you spoke D you spoke with whom 2.Do you work near the building _ color is yellow.A that B which C whose D its 3.He helped his father on the small town _ they lived.A which B that C when D where定语从句专项练习定语从句专项练习 4.Thats the factory _ we paid a visit last year.A where B to which C which D in which 5. Im one of the boys _ never late for school.A that is B who is C who are D who am 6. Who _ knows him would trust him?A whom B that C who D which( ) 7. Sep.18,1931 is the day _ well never forget.A when B on which C on that D that( ) 8. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A which B whose C that D it( ) 9.Is this shop _ sells childrens clothing?A the one that B what C which D that ( ) 10. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A that B which C whom D what ( ) 11.I will hire the man _ they say is a good English speaker.A who B that C which D whom( ) 12.Watch the girl and her dog _ are crossing the bridge.A which B who C they D that