非谓语动词作状语.ppt

了解谓语动词与非谓语动词区别（引）掌握分词作状语（学）2012年高考非谓语真题尝鲜（练）Task1.学会判断非谓语动词学会判断非谓语动词 一、考一考一、考一考 判断下列句子里的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词判断下列句子里的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。 1. He is teaching English. 2. His job is teaching English. 二、定义二、定义 谓语动词就是指在句子中谓语动词就是指在句子中充当谓语充当谓语的动词的动词 非谓语动词指的是在句中非谓语动词指的是在句中不是谓语不是谓语的动词。的动词。 谓语是对谓语是对主语主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，动作或状态的陈述或说明， 指出指出“ 做什么做什么”、“是什么是什么”或或“怎么样怎么样”。 过去分词过去分词不定式不定式-ing 形式形式非谓语动词三、非谓语使用条件三、非谓语使用条件一个句子当中，一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词的情况的情况下下She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.四、四、分析句子结构分析句子结构,辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been toldB. He was told B_A五、填词：用五、填词：用studying或者或者study1）_ ( study) hard, you will pass the final exam.2)_ ( study) hard, and you will pass StudyingStudyTask 2：掌握分词作状语分词作状语分词作状语状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。 分词作状语让步 原因 条件 结果 时间伴随方式一起来造句让步尽管学生们都看到老师很失望的表情，但是他们还是不顾老师，自己做自己的事情。1.notice2.ignore3.disappoint-ment3.do ones own business因为他在公共场合吸烟，所以被罚款了1.Smoke in public2.fine(v.罚款)原因原因你来造个句1.The man on the left/right2.Plant tree3.sweat(v.出汗)4.Smoke5.Stand6.The bird7.fly/stare at（盯）。伴随分词语态时态否定逻辑主语被被 动动主主 动动语态doingdoinghaving donehaving donedonedonebeing donebeing donehaving been donehaving been done 语态看分词语态看分词1 _(see) black clouds covering the sky, he stopped his work and went home.Seeing _(bury埋) in the book, he didnt notice the sound.答案：Buried1.doing或者being done 几乎同时发生2.Having done或者having been done 先于谓语动词之前发生3.Done已经发生了的，过去的时态看分词时态看分词2“What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, _out of the window. A. looking B. having lookedC. to look D. looked_a long way, Bob began to feel tired.A. Walking B. Having walkedC. To walk D. walked _ in the queue for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited 过去分词与现在分词被动完成式的比较过去分词与现在分词被动完成式的比较 在句中作状语时，一般情况下可互换。但在句中作状语时，一般情况下可互换。但不强调时间先后，只强调不强调时间先后，只强调动作的被动动作的被动时，时，用用过去分词过去分词，不用现在分词的被动完成式。，不用现在分词的被动完成式。如：如： Caught (Having been caught) in the rain, he was all wet. Having been found by the policeman, the thief ran away hurrily.(强调强调时间先后、时间先后、完成完成)补补 直接在分词前面加not_ a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received否定的表达否定的表达3 _that he was in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Realizing not C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意此时应注意人称一致。人称一致。 1）Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.2）Seeing from the hill , we find the city very beautiful.逻辑主语逻辑主语4_for a long time, the book looks old.1.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧._ the book, I find it useful. 2.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用. _ (look) at her, he jumped with joy._(look) at by her, he jumped with joy.UsedUsingLookingLooked6. Faced with a bill for $10， 000，_. A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John7. While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings _Sunday , I shall have a quiet day at home . A. Being B. It is C. There being D. It being The party will be held in the garden, weather_（2012高考全国卷）高考全国卷） A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit请你归请你归纳：纳：非谓语的逻辑主语和主句主语相同时可以非谓语的逻辑主语和主句主语相同时可以省略；若不同，则应有自己的主语，即用省略；若不同，则应有自己的主语，即用独立主格形式。独立主格形式。解题步骤，我们一起来总结1、根据句子结构确定分词的、根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分语法成分2、找准、找准逻辑主语逻辑主语3、判断主、被动关系判断主、被动关系4、指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑用完用完成式还是一般式。成式还是一般式。5. 最后选定现在或过去分词。最后选定现在或过去分词。今年高考卷尝鲜 32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.（2012高考全国卷） A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to 27. _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.(2012北京) A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use 31. _ at the door before you enter my room, please.（2012北京） A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock 11. He got up late and hurried to his office, _the breakfast untouched.(2012天津)A. leftB. to leaveC. leaving D. having left 23._to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.（重庆） A.Having been asked B.To ask C.Having asked D.To be asked 33Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.（2012江西） Aspeaking Bhaving spoken Cto speak Dto have spoken 31.The lecture, _at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.（2012湖南） A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started 34. Pressed from his parents，and _that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.（2012福建） A. realizingB. realized C. to realizeD. being realized 11. Its such a nice place, Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers. （2012浙江） A, to be reserved B. having reserved C, reserving D. reserved