2022年2021中考英语知识点：形容词和副词 .pdf

-精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 1 2018 中考英语知识点：形容词和副词各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始，中考网为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略，主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容，帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络，理清做题思路，希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩！下面是2018 中考英语知识点：形容词和副词 ，仅供参考！形容词和副词形容词和副词的用法1）形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。2）在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词，修饰名词时常放于名词前，修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后，做表语时和系动词连用，构成一个系表结构。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 2 例如：Can you hear the loud noise?你听到大的喧闹声了吗？The noise is very loud.喧闹声很大。The quiet girl is my sister.那个安静的女孩是我妹妹。My sister looks very quiet.我妹妹看起来很安静。I have nothing new to tell you.我没什么新东西告诉你。3）常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有：Look，feel，taste ，smell，get，turn，become ，sound等。例如：The weather gets warmer and the trees turn green in spring. 春天天气变暖和了，树变绿了。The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。You look fine.你看起来气色很好。4）副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 3 其他副词以及全句的词。例如：The men and the women walk quickly.这些男人和女人走得很快。The children walk slowly. 孩子们走得很慢。They often laugh loudly. 他们经常大声地笑。Unluckily he hurt his leg. 不幸的是，他伤了腿。形容词和副词比较级最高级的变化1）规则变化构成方式原级 比较级 最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加 -er/-est small fast young smaller faster younger smallest fastest youngest 以字母e 结尾的形容词，加-r/-st 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 4 brave large cute braver larger cuter bravest largest cutest 以重读闭音节结尾的词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写该辅音字母，然后加 -er/-est big hot sad bigger hotter sadder biggest hottest saddest *以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i ”,再加-er/-est easy busy funny easier busier funnier easiest 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 5 busiest funniest 多音节词和部分双音节词在形容词原级前面加 more或 most exciting delicious famous loudly more exciting more delicious more famous more loudly most exciting most delicious most famous most loudly *这种双音节词很多都是以“ 辅音字母+y” 结尾的双音节形容词。2）不规则变化原级 最高级 比较级good/well best better bad/badly/ill worst worse many/much most more little least less old oldest 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 6 eldest older elder far farthest furthest farther further 比较级用法：1）表示两者的比较，形容词或副词比较级之后用 than引出比较对象。China is bigger than the USA. This book is more exciting than that one. 注意：比较的对象要表达明确。My ruler is longer than yours. 2）自身不能与自身进行比较。3）在形容词或副词比较级前，有时可以用 much, a little, far, a lot ,even 等来修饰，如 much better；a little taller. adj, adv最高级的用法：注意：1. 它是在一定范围内的最 He is the tallest of those three. 2. 所举的对象一定在范围内。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 7 Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 用最高级的几种情况1. 当有 in/ of，而且 of 后不是两者时。2. 在 One of +adj的最高级 +ns中。One of the most famous sights. 3. Which is the best, the red one ,the white one or the green one? Which / whose/ who, 引导的选择疑问句，有三者以上的选项时4. The Huang River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。当形容词和副词前有序数词修饰时，多用最高级原级、比较级、最高级的句型转换。1. “not as/so+原级 +as” 结构可转化为比较级 than的结构如：David didnt run as fast as Li LeiLi Lei ran faster than David. David run more slowly than Li Lei. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 8 This book isnt as interesting as that one.That book is more interesting than this one. This book is less interesting than that one. 2. 两个原级的句子合并成含有比较级的句子。Li Ping is ten years old. Wei Hua is seven years old. 1）Li Ping is older than Wei Hua. 2）Wei Hua is younger than Li Ping. 3）Li Ping is three years older than Wei Hua. 4）Wei Hua is three years younger than Li Ping. 3. 两个原级的句子合并成含有as as的原级比较的句子。1）Im ten years old. Lucy is ten years old too. Im the same age as Lucy. 2）I read two books Lucy read two books too. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 9 I read as many books as Lucy. 4. 比 较 等 级 的 句 子 中 含 有 any, anyone, anything, other等时，可与最高级的句子进行转换。如：1）Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. the other cities in China. the others in China. Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 2）Zhang Hai jumps higher than any other student in the class. the others in his class. the other students in the class. anyone else in the class. Zhang Hai jumpshighest in the class. 5. 含有比较级的句子可与含有反义词的句子进行转换。如：This ruler is longer than that one. That ruler is shorter than this one. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 1 0Traveling by air is more expensive than traveling by train. Traveling by train is less expensive than traveling by air. 6. “like better ”可与“prefer ”进行转换。1）Which coat do you like better? Which coat do you prefer? 2）I like red better than black. I prefer red to black. 3）I like singing better than dancing. I prefer singing to dancing. 7. “like best ”与 “favorite”进 行转换。1）Which coat do you like best? Which is your favorite coat ? 2） I like bananas best. My favorite fruit is bananas. 8. “as.as” 与“ the same as” 进行转换。This bike is as big as that one. This bike is the same size as that one. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -精选公文范文 - - 精选公文范文 - 1 1各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - -