2022年最全全日制高级中学英语教学大纲附表 .pdf

1 高级中学英语大纲附表一日常交际用语Daily Expressions in Communication a. Good morning / afternoon / evening. Hello /Hi. How are you ? Fine, thank you, and you ? Very well, thank you. b. Best wishes / regards to Please give my regards / best wishes / love to Say hello to Please emember me to a. This is Mr / Mrs / Miss / Ms / Comrade May I introduce you to ? Id like you to meet b. How do you do ? Nice / Glad / Pleased to see / meet you. Nice meeting you, Mr / Mrs / Miss c. My name is Im a (student / teacher, etc.). d. Im Chinese. 3.告别Farewells a. Im afraid I must be leaving now. I think its time for us to leave now. b. Good -bye ! (Bye-bye! Bye!) See you later / tomorrow. (See you.) God night. 4.感谢和应答Thanks and responses a. Thank you (very much ). Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for b. Its very kind of you to Not at all. Its / Thats all right. Youre welcome. 5.祝愿、祝贺和应答Good wishes, congratulations & responses a. Good luck! Best wishes to you! I wish you good luck / success! Good journey (to you )! Have a good trip. Have a nice / good time. Congratulations. Id like to congratulate you on b. Thank you. The same to you. c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you. 6.抱歉、遗憾和应答Apologies, regrets, sympathies & responses a. Sorry / Pardon. Im sorry. Im sorry for / about Im sorry to hear Im sorry to have +V-ed / that b. Excuse me (for ) Im afraid of What a pity / shame! Its a pity / that c. Thats all right. It doesnt matter. Thats nothing. 7.邀请和应答Invitations and responses a. Will you come to ? Would you like to ? Id like to invite you to b. Yes, Id love to ( ). Yes, its very kind / nice of you. c. Id love to, but 8.提供帮助等和应答Offers and responses a. Can / Could / Shall I help you ? Would you like me to ? Is there anything (else ) I can do for you ? Do you want me to ? What can I do for you ? Let me do / carry / help (for you ). Would you like some ? b. Thanks. That would be nice / fine. Thats very kind of you. Thank you for your help. Yes, please. Here, take this / my c. No, thanks / thank you. No, thanks / thank you. I can manage it myself. Thank you all the same. Thats very kind of you, but 9.约会 Making appointments a. Are you / Will you be free this afternoon / tomorrow ? How about tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening ? Shall we meet at 4:30 at ? b. Yes, thats all right. Yes, Ill be free then. c. No, I wont be free then. But Ill be free d. All right. See you then. 10.意愿和希望Intentions and wishes a. Im going to I intend / mean / plan to I will I feel like V-ing (going out for a walk). Id like to I(do not ) want / hope to Im ready to I would rather not tell you. b. I want / hope / wish to I wish that I would like to 11. 请 求 、 允 许 和 应 答Asking for permission and responses a. May I ? Can / Could I ? I wonder if I could Would / Do you mind if I open the window ? b. Yes / Sure / Certainly. Yes, (do) please. Of course (you may ). Go ahead, please. Thats OK / all right. Not at all. c. Im sorry you cant. Im sorry, but Youd better not. 12.同意和不同意Agreement and disagreement a. Certainly / Sure / Of course. No problem. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. Thats true. All right / OK. Thats a good idea Its a good idea to / that I / We agree (wish you). I agree to / that-clause b. No. I dont think so. Im afraid not. Im afraid I (really)cant agree with you. 13.喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikes a. I like / love (very much). I like / love to b. I dont like (to) I hate (to) 14.决断和坚持Determination, decision and insistence a. I will I have decided to / that I have decided wh-clause / wh-words to b. I insist on / that 15.判断和意见Judgement and opinion a. It certainly is. Its correct to do Well done / Good work! b. In my opinion It seems So far as I know You must / have to / should / ought to It is necessary to / that I can He is able to I prefer to Hed prefer them not to Hed rather begin at once. 19.责备和抱怨Blame and complaint a. He is to blame. She blamed him for He shouldnt have done it. b. Im sorry to have said that, but Why cant you do something about it ? 20.肯定和不肯定Certainty and uncertainty a. Im sure (of that). Im sure (that) b. Im not sure (of that). Im not sure whether / if 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 20 页2 I doubt if c. Perhaps / Maybe. 21.禁止和警告Prohibition and warnings a. You cant / mustnt If you , youll Youd better not do it. Dont smoke! Dont be late! b. Look out! Take care! Be careful! 22.可能和不可能Possibility and impossibility a. He can / may It is possible that b. He mat not He is not likely to It is likely that 23.预见、猜测和相信Prediction, conjecture and belief a. He will b. I guess that He must have done It seems (that )It looks as if c. I believe that he is right. a. Can / Will / Could / Would you for me ? Will / Can / Could / Would you please ? May I have ? b. Please give / Pass me Please wait (here / a moment). Please wait (for) your turn. Please stand in line / line up. Please hurry. Make sure that please. c. Dont rush (hurry) / crowd. No noise, please. No smoking, please. 25.劝告和建议Advice and suggestions a. Youd better (not) You should / ought to You need (to) b. Shall we ? Lets What / How about ? Why not ? Why dont you ? I promise You shall have tomorrow. I will give to you. Dont forget to Dont you remember the days when ? Make sure that everything is OK now. 28.表示焦虑Expressing anxiety Whats wrong ? Whats the matter (with you) ? Is there anything the matter ? Im / Hes / Shes worried. Oh. What shall I / we do ? We were all anxious about 29.表示惊奇Expressing surprise Really ? Oh dear! Is that so? Good heavens! 30.表示喜悦Expressing pleasure Im glad / pleased / happy to Thats nice / wonderful / great. Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine. 31.谈论天气Talking about the weather a. Whats the weather like today ? How s the weather in b. Its fine / cloudy / windy / rainy Its getting cold / warm Its rather warm / cold / hot today, isnt it ? Its a beautiful day today. 32.购物 Shopping a. What can I do for you ? May / Can I help you ? b. I want / Id like How much is it? Thats too expensive, Im afraid, Thats fine. Ill take it. Let me have c. How many / much do you want ? What colour / size / kind do you want ? d. Do you have any other kind / size / colour, etc.? 33.问路和应答Asking the way and responses a. Excuse me. Wheres the mens / ladies room ? Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to ? How can I get to ? I dont know the way. b. Go down this street. Turn right / left at the first / second crossing. Its about metres from here. Go straight ahead till you see 34.问时间、日期和应答Asking the time, date and responses a. What day is (it) today ? Whats the date today ? Excuse me. What time is it by your watch ? Whats the time, please ? b. Its Monday / Tuesday Its January 10th. Its five oclock / five thirty (half past five) / a quarter past (to) six. Its time for / to 35.就餐 Taking meals a. What would you like (to have) ? Would you like something (to eat / drink ) ? b. Id like Coke / Two eggs , please. c. Would you like some more ? Help yourself to some d. Thank you. Ive had enough. Im full, thank you. Just a little, please. 36.打Making phone calls a. Hello! Is (Tom) in ? May / Could I speak to ? Is that (speaking) ? b. Hold on, please. Hello, who is it ? He / She isnt here right now. Can I take a message for you ? c. Hello, this is speaking. I called to tell / ask you 37.传递信息Passing on a message a. Will you please give this note / message to ? b. asked me to give you this note. c. Thanks for the message. 38.看病 Seeing the doctor a. Theres something wrong with Ive got a headache and a cough. I feel terrible (bad). I dont feel well. Ive got a pain here. This place hurts. b. Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. Its nothing serious. Youll be all right / well soon. 39.求救 Calling for help a. Help! Thief! b. Whats the matter? 40.语言困难Language difficulties Pardon ? Would you please say that again / more slowly ? What do you mean by ? Im sorry I cant follow you. Im sorry I know only a little English. 41. 常 见 的 标 志 和 说 明Some common signs and instructions a. BUSINESS HOURS MENU OFFICE HOURS NO SMOKING OPEN NO PARKING CLOSED NO PHOTOS b. PULL ENTRANCE PUSH EXIT c. INSTRUCTIONS MADE IN CHINA/ JAPAN / U. S. A. (USA/ FRAGILE U. K. / HK (Hong Kong) THIS SIDE UP ON DANGER OFF d. PLAY STOP PAUSE e. Insert here. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 20 页3 附表二语音项目表Phonetic Items 一、国际音标英语的元音音标和辅音音标二、基本的拼读规则1元音字母a，e，iy ，o，u 在重读开音节和重读闭音节的读音2辅音字母在单词中的基本读音3-r 音节在重读音节中的读音4常见的元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音5常见的元音字母和辅音字母组合在重读音节中的读音6常见的辅音字母组合在单词中的基本读音三、辅音连缀和成节音1辅音连缀 bl- ，kl- ，fl- ，gl- ，pl- ，sl- ，br- ，kr- ，sk-， sm-，sp-， st-， tw- ，sw- ，kw- 2成节音-bl ，-pl ，-dl ， -tl ，-sl ，-fl ，-vl ，-sn， -zn，-fn ，-vn ，-tn ，-dn ，四、单词重音1双音节词的重音2多音节词的重音和次重音五、语调1句子重音2连读3不完全爆破4意群和停顿5升调和降调附表三词汇表Vocabulary11200 个词A a / an art. 1一个，件2 表示同类事物中的一个3 表示有特指的任何一个able adj. 能够；有能力的be able to do sth能够有能力做某事about adv. 1大约2周围；到处prep1在周围；在各处2关于above prep. 在上面adv. 在上面adj. 上面的accept v. 承认；接受；答应across prep.& adv. 1穿过2在另一边；在对面address n 住址；通讯处afraid adj. 1 害怕2担忧be afraid of 害怕Africa n. 非洲African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的n. 非洲人after prep. 在后面adv. 在后；后来conj. 在以后after all 毕竟；终究afternoon n. 下午again adv. 1再一次2再；又again and again 再三地；反复地once again 再一次against prep. 1反对；不同意2对着；逆age n. 年龄at the age of 在岁时ago adv. 以前agree v. 同意；应允agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree with sb. 赞成某人的意见；与某人的意见相同air n. 空气；大气by air 乘飞机airport n. 航空站；飞机场alive adj. 活着的all adj. 1 修饰单数名词全；总；整2 修饰复数名词全部；所有的pron. 全体；全部adv. 全部地；都all over 到处；结束all over the country / world 普及全国 / 全世界in all 总计not at all 用来加强not 的语气一点也不；根本不almost adv.几乎；近于alone adj. 单独的along prep.沿着；顺着adv. 1向前2和一起；一同already adv. 已经also adv. 也although conj. 虽然always adv. 总是；永远America n. 美国；美洲American adj. 美国的；美洲的n . 美国人；美洲人among prep. 1在中间2在三者或三者以上之间and conj. 1和2又angry adj. 生气的；愤怒的be angry with sb. 生某人的气animal n. 动物another adj. 1再一；另一2别的；不同的pron. 另一个one after another 相继；顺次answer n.& v. 1 答复；答复2回信n. 答案any adj. 1 用于疑问句、否认句等一些；什么2任何的pron. 无论哪一个； 无论哪些anybody/ anyone pron. 任何人anything pron. 什么事物 ；任何事物anywhere adv. 任何地方appear v. 出现；显得；好似apple n. 苹果April n. 四月arm n. 手臂；胳膊take sthin ones arms 抱army n. 军队arrive v. 到达；来到arrive at / in a place 到达某地as conj. & adv. 像一样；如同as as 像；如同not so as 不像；不如as if / though 好似；好似prep.作为；当作Asia n. 亚洲Asian adj. 亚洲的；亚洲人的n. 亚洲人ask v. 1问2请求；要求ask for sth 请求；向要ask sbfor sth请某人给某物asleep adj. 睡着的at prep. 1 表示地点、位置在2 表示时间在时刻3 表示动作的目标和方向attention n. 注意pay attention (to) 注意August n. 八月aunt n. 姨；姑；婶；伯母；舅母Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian adj. 澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人的n. 澳大利亚人autumn n. 秋天；秋季awake v. (awoke, awoke) 唤醒；使醒；醒away adv. 离开；远离be away from 远离go/ run away from 走/ 跑开B baby n. 婴儿back adv. 1向后2回原处n. 1背2背后；后部bad adj. (worse, worst) 1 坏的2不正确的；使人不愉快的3严重的badly adv. 1坏，恶劣地2有害地；拙劣地3严重地bag n. 书包；提包；袋子ball n. 球banana n. 香蕉bank n. 银行basket n. 篮子basketball n. 篮球运动；篮球bath n. 洗澡；澡盆bathe v. 浸；洗；冲洗； 在河或海里洗浴；游泳bathroom n. 浴室；澡堂be v. (am, are, is, was, were, being, been) 是；成为beat v. (beat, beaten) 1敲打；脉，心脏跳动2打胜；打赢beautiful adj. 美丽的because conj. 因为精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 20 页4 because of 因为；由于become v. (became, become) 变得；成为bed n. 床go to bed 睡觉make the bed 整理床铺bedroom n. 卧室beef n. 牛肉before prep. 在前面；在以前adv. 以前conj. 在之前beg v. 恳求；乞讨begin v. (began, begun) 开始；着手beginning n.开始；开端；起源beginning of 的起初；的开始behind prep. 在后面adv. 在后面believe v. 相信；认为bell n. 钟；铃belong v. 属于belong to 属于；是成员below prep. 在下面beside prep. 在旁边；靠近best adj.& n. 最好的人或物do ones best 尽最大的努力all the best 一切顺利better adj. 较好的；更好的； 健康状况有所好转的had better 最好做between prep. 在两者之间；在中间beyond prep. 在那边；超出adv. 在那边；在远处bicycle / bike n. 自行车；脚踏车big adj. 大的；重要的billion num. 法、美 十亿； 英、德 万亿；兆；无数biology n. 生物学bird n. 鸟birthday n. 生日bit n. 一点；一些a bit (of) 有一点儿bite v. (bit, bitte) 咬black adj. & n. 黑色的；黑色blackboard n. 黑板blood n. 血blouse n.妇女穿的短上衣；女衬衫blow v. (blew, blown) 吹；刮风；吹气n. 打；打击blue adj. & n. 蓝色的；蓝色board n. 木板boat n. 小船body. n. 身体；躯体boil v. 水、液体沸腾；水开；使水或其他液体沸腾；用开水煮book n. 书；本子born 动词 bear的过去分词出生be born 出生于borrow v. 向别人借；借用both pron. 两者；两人；双方adj. 两；双bothand 两个都；既又bottle n. 瓶子bowl n. 碗box n. 箱子；盒子；匣子vi. 拳击boy n. 男孩branch n. 枝条；支流；部门brave adj. 勇敢的bread n. 面包break v. (broke, broken) 打破；折断；打碎break down 出毛病；不运转break out 发生；爆炸breakfast n. 早饭；早餐at breakfast 早餐时；正吃早饭have breakfast 吃早饭breath n. 呼吸；气息hold ones breath 由于激动、害怕等不出气；屏住呼吸out of breath 上气不接下气bright adj. 明亮的；聪明的bring v. 带来；拿来Britain n. 英国；不列颠英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称British adj. 英国的；英国人的broad adj. 宽的；广阔的broom n. 扫帚brother 兄弟brown adj. 棕色的；褐色的；棕色；褐色brush n. 刷子；毛刷；画笔v. 刷；擦build v. (built, built ) 建筑；造building n. 建筑物；房屋burn v. (burnt, burnt) 燃烧bus n. 公共汽车business n. 商业；生意；营业busy adj. 忙be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事butter n. 黄油button n. 纽扣；按纽v. 扣住；系扣buy v.( bought ,bought ) 购买by prep. 1靠近；在旁2经过3在时间4 指时间不迟于5 用于被动语态被6 表示方法、手段用；由7 指交通工具等乘；用by bus / car / plane / train / ship / air 乘公共汽车 / 小汽车 /飞机 / 火车 / 轮船 / 飞机adv. 在附近；经过bye-bye interj. 再会；回头见C cabbage n. 卷心菜；洋白菜cake n. 饼；糕；蛋糕call v. 1称呼；取名2呼唤；叫喊call for 去取某物 ；去接某人n. 1叫；喊2 一次；通话can v. aux. (could) 1能够；可以2可能；会3罐头；金属容器Canada n. 加拿大Canadian n. 加拿大人adj. 加拿大的；加拿大人的candle n. 蜡烛cap n. 帽子； 管，瓶等的盖capital n. 1首都；省会2大写字母3资本；资方captain n. 陆军上尉； 海军上校； 船长； 足球队等 队长car n. 小汽车card n. 卡片；名片care n. 小心；谨慎；注意take care of 照料；照顾v. 关心；介意care of 喜欢；想要careful adj. 谨慎的；小心的；仔细的careless adj. 粗心的；漫不经心的carrot n. 胡萝卜carry v. 1运送；搬运2携带carry on 继续；开展carry out 进行；开展；执行计划，命令cat n. 猫catch v. (caught , caught ) 1接住2捉住3赶上车辆4患传染病等catch up with 赶上或超过ceiling n. 天花板；顶篷cent n. 一分钱centre / center n. 中心；中央certain adj. 1某种；一定的2确定的；无疑的certainly adv. 1一定；无疑地2是的；当然；好chair n. 椅子chalk n. 粉笔chance n. 时机；可能性change v. 改变；更换；兑换change into 把变成n. 1变化2零钱；找头cheap adj. 廉价的；廉价的check v. & n. 检查；核对n. 美国 支票 =英国的 cheque ； 饭馆等的帐单cheese n. 乳酪；干酪chemistry n. 化学chicken n. 鸡肉；小鸡child n. (pl. children) 孩子；儿童China n. 中国Chinese adj . 中国的；中国人的；汉语的n. 中国人；汉语chocolate n. 巧克力；巧克力糖choice n. 选择；挑选choose v. (chose, chosen) 挑选；选举Christmas n. 圣诞节精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 20 页5 church n. 教堂；教会cinema n. 电影院；电影go to the cinema 去看电影circle v. 环绕；盘旋n. 圆；圈子；集团city n. 城市class n. 班；年级；课have classes 上课after class 课后classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室clean adj. 干净的；清洁的v. 弄干净；擦干净clear adj. 清晰的；明亮的；清楚的clever adj. 聪明的；机灵的climb v. 爬；攀登n. 攀登clock n. 时钟close v. 关；闭adj&adv . 近；靠近cloth n. 布；布料clothes n. 衣服cloud n. 云coal n. 煤；煤块coast n. 海岸；海滨coat n. 外套；上衣coffee n. 咖啡cold adj. 冷的；寒冷的n. 1寒冷2着凉；感冒catch / take cold 伤风；感冒have a cold 得患伤风感冒collect v. 收集；搜集；聚集college n . 综合大学中学院；高等专科学校go to college 上大学colo(u)r n. 颜色comb v. 梳come v. (came , come ) 来；来到come back 回来；想起来come down 落；下来come from 出生于；来自come in 进入；进来come on 赶快；来吧come out 出来comfortable adj. 舒适的common adj. 共同的；普通的；一般的company n. 交往；陪伴；公司；商号complete adj. 完全的；彻底的；完结的v. 完成；结束computer n. 电脑；电子电脑comrade n. 同志condition n. 条件；状况； 复数环境；条件conductor n. 汽、电车上的售票员；火车上的列车员；乐队、合唱队指挥；电导体congratulation n. 祝贺consider v. 考虑；把看作；认为be considered as 把某人看作； 被认为contain v. 包含；容纳continue v. 继续；连续control v. & n. 控制；支配cook v. 烹调；煮；烧n. 厨师；炊事员cool adj. 凉；凉快的copy n. 书报等一本份，册v. 抄写corn n. 谷物；玉米corner n. 角落；拐角correct adj. 正确的v. 改正；纠正cost v. (cost, cost ) 值多少钱 ；花费cotton n. 棉花；棉线；棉布cough v. & n. 咳嗽count v. 计数；计算country n. 国家；农村；乡下course n. 过程；经过；道路of course 当然；自然cousin n. 堂表兄弟；堂表姊妹cover v. 覆盖；遮盖；掩盖be covered with 为所覆盖n 盖子；罩cow n. 母牛；奶牛cream n. 乳脂；奶油；膏状物crop n. 庄稼；收成；