高考英语写作专题写作专题第一部分.docx

第1讲短小精悍的简单句(1)一、SV句型(主语谓语动词)在这个结构中，动词通常是不及物动词，没有宾语，但可以有副词作状语。这个结构常用于记叙事件活动。(1)It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks.它将于6月15号开始并持续3周。(2016全国)(2)Hard work pays off.功夫不负有心人。(2015福建)(3)With my special care，my mother recovered quickly.在我的悉心照顾下，我妈妈很快恢复了健康。(2013北京)二、SVO句型(主语谓语动词宾语)在这个结构中，动词是及物动词；充当宾语的通常是名词(动名词)、代词、数词、动词不定式(短语)、v.ing结构及名词性从句等。(1)Every coin has two sides.任何事情都有两面性/凡事有利弊。(2015湖南)(2)At last they made great progress.最后他们取得了很大进步。(2015广东)(3)The students often broke the school rules.学生们经常违反校规。(2015广东)三、SVP(主语连系动词表语)在这个结构中，谓语动词需用系动词；表语多为形容词，也可为名词、代词、副词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词及名词性从句等。1介绍人物(主系表结构后常跟非限制性定语从句或同位语作补充说明)。(1)Sally was a successful teacher，who taught some naughty students.萨莉是一个成功的老师，她教过一些淘气的学生。(2015广东)(2)Im Li Jin，Chairman of the Student Union in Chenguang Middle School.我是李津，晨光中学学生会主席。(2015天津)2介绍事物(1)Summer is my favorite season of the year.夏季是我一年中最喜欢的季节。(2016四川)(2)This is a wellknown story from an ancient Chinese idiom.这是一个源于中国古代成语的著名故事。(2015福建)3描写心情Tired as I was，I never felt so happy.尽管累了，但我从没这么开心过。(2013陕西)4描写天气It was a nice day.这是美好的一天。(2013江西)5分析论述(1)The reasons are as follows.原因如下。(2016四川)(2)Here are three useful tips：这里有三个有用的建议：(2014安徽)(3)Developing a good habit is also of importance.养成一个好习惯也很重要。(2014江西)6谚语格言An inch of time is worth an inch of gold.一寸光阴一寸金。(2015广东)即时训练用简单句翻译下列句子1我是3年级2班的学生李华。(2015陕西)Im Li Hua，a student from Class 2，Grade 3.2表演将于今天下午两点在“学生中心”开始。(2014陕西)The show will begin at two oclock this afternoon at the Student Centre.3他接受了我们的建议。(2014北京)He accepted our suggestions.4这个项目的目的是培养我们的英语学习兴趣和听说实际能力。(2014陕西)The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.5上午八点，我们在大青山山脚下集合。(2013江西)At 8：00 am.，we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain.第2讲短小精悍的简单句(2)四、SVOiOd(主语谓语动词间接宾语直接宾语)在这个结构中，及物动词接两个宾语，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。当把直接宾语放到间接宾语之前时，间接宾语前应加适当的介词。(1)First，I will tell them the disadvantages of playing computer games and cheating in the exams.首先，我会告诉他们玩电脑游戏和考试作弊的坏处。(2015广东)(2)When the craftsman came into the classroom，we gave him a warm welcome.当工匠走进教室时，我们给他以热情的欢迎。(2015北京)(3)First，he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.首先，他向我们演示了做面人的基本步骤和技巧。(2015北京)(4)My mother gave a hug to me and I could see satisfaction in her eyes.我的妈妈拥抱了我，我在她眼中能看到满足。(2013陕西)五、SVOC (主语谓语动词宾语宾语补足语)在这个结构中，及物动词后面接宾语和宾语补足语。充当补语的可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(短语)等。(1)I sincerely wish you a pleasant trip back to your country.衷心的祝愿你归国旅途愉快。(2016天津)(2)The Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，regardless of time and space.网络使得调查和投票容易而且方便，无论何时何地。(2016江苏)(3)In the picture，we can see a boy in worn clothes，sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it.在图画中，我们可以看到一个男孩穿着破衣服，坐在一张破旧的木桌旁，桌子上有一摞书。(2015福建)(4)Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.我想请你为我们学校的英语报写一篇文章。(2015全国)(5)Our good learning habits will make us study more easily and efficiently and absorb knowledge completely.良好的学习习惯会使我们学习起来更加轻松有效，而且完全吸收知识。(2013四川)六、There be句型在这个结构中，there be后的名词是主语，be的形式应和第一个名词保持一致。这一结构的其他时态形式：there was/were；there will be；there is/are going to be；there has/have been；there must have been；there must/may be等，它的变式句型有：There happen(s)/seem(s)/appear(s) to be.等。(1)There is plenty of fun for teenagers in summer，including going camping，going to the beach，going swimming at public pools and travelling locally with friends.在夏季，青少年有很多趣事，包括宿营，去海滨，在公共泳池游泳，还有与朋友在当地游玩。(2016四川)(2)There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.我们学校的自行车停车处有个问题。(2014北京)(3)Would there be host family or university dormitory?会有寄宿家庭或者学生宿舍吗？(2014新课标全国)(4)My favorite proverb is “Where theres a will，theres a way.”我最喜欢的格言是“有志者事竟成”。(2014山东)(5)There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that Ill take on the burden.前方有很多挑战，但是我有信心能担负重任。(2013天津)即时训练用简单句翻译下列句子1我会告诉他们学习的重要性。(2015广东)I will tell them the importance of studying.2我们学校将给你们班捐赠500册不同的宝贵书籍。(2015天津)Our school will donate 500 copies of different valuable books to your class.3我帮助他们理解中国文化中最好的部分。(2013浙江)I help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.4从图片中我们可以看到一家三口走在一个很长的红地毯上。(2013福建)From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet.5一个人的梦想和现实通常存在差别。(2013北京)There is usually a difference between ones dream and reality.第3讲整齐有序的并列句由两个或两个以上不分主次、相互独立的简单句构成的句子叫并列句。并列句通过并列连词、连接副词和分号三种方式连接起来。1表并列关系： and(和)，not only.but (also).(不但而且)，not.but.(不是而是)，neither.nor.(既不也不)，on (the) one hand.on the other (hand).(一方面另一方面)，when(这时突然)等。(1)In my opinion，everyone here is a member of our big family and we learn a lot from each other.就我而言，每一个在这里的人都是我们大家庭里的一员并且我们彼此学到了很多。(2016天津)(2)The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack.It not only affects our everyday life，but may also threaten peoples lives.交通问题很难解决。它不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且威胁人们的生命安全。(2015江苏)(3)Not only are books shared but also it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.书籍不仅被分享而且它还能建立一个联系世界各地读者的桥梁。(2015重庆)(4)I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car，which drove off quickly.我正在去书店的路上，在一个十字路口等绿灯时，突然一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆过往的汽车撞倒，肇事车辆快速逃逸了。(2014湖北)(5)In my opinion，the son refuses to communicate with his mother not because he has no time but because hes unwilling to.我认为，儿子拒绝与他的母亲交流不是因为他没时间而是因为他不愿意。(2013重庆)2表转折关系：but(但是)，however(然而)，while(然而)，still(仍然)，yet(然而)等。(1)It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.它对一些人有益，却使其他人对是否投票处于两难境地。(2016江苏)(2)She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous to the people in need of help.她自己过着简朴的生活但对需要帮助的人如此慷慨。(2014广东)(3)To be honest，in spite of my good preparation，I felt a little nervous when I was entering the exam room.However，I soon adjusted my mind of state and answered the questions calmly and carefully.说实话，尽管我准备充分，但进入考场时还是感到有点紧张。然而，我很快调整状态，冷静细心地回答问题。(2014四川)3表选择关系：or(或者)，either.or.(或者或者)，not.but.(不是而是)，or else(否则)等。Take the chance，or else you will regret it.抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。4表因果关系：for(因为)，so(所以)，therefore(因此)等。Id better take an umbrella，for it is going to rain.我最好带把伞，因为天快要下雨了。即时训练用恰当的连接词翻译下列句子1我是一个中国学生，我计划假期到英国去参加一个暑期学校。我已经看了你们的广告，我想知道更多关于你们的六周英语课程的情况。(2014新课标全国)I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.Ive seen your ad，and Id like to know something more about your sixweek English course.2虽然她是一个普通妇女但是确实值得尊敬。(2014广东)She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting.3一些人支持而其他人不然。(2014江苏)Some people support it while others do not.4我正要放弃，这时爸爸过来鼓励我继续前行。(2014福建)I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.5一方面，它们有助于我提高写作技巧、拓宽视野；另一方面，还能丰富我的生活并能给我带来巨大的乐趣。(2012江西)For one thing，they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.For another，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun./Not only can they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons but they also can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.第4讲复合句(1)琳琅满目的名词性从句名词性从句通常由从属连词(that，whether，if)、连接代词(who，what，which)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)引导。名词性从句都不能用逗号和主句分开。一、主语从句(1)What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held two weeks later.让我担心的是两周后要进行的期末考试。(2016全国)(2)What we need most are popular science books.我们最需要的是科普书籍。(2014浙江)二、宾语从句(1)I hope you could appreciate that I must spare no effort to do well in my final exam.我希望你能理解我必须不遗余力地搞好期末考试。(2016全国)(2)I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.我诚挚地希望你能接受我的歉意并理解我的处境。(2016全国)(3)I wonder if youd like to go with me.我想知道你是否想和我一起去。(2015北京)(4)We are aware that we should build up our bodies and live a healthy life.我们意识到我们应该锻炼身体，过健康的生活。(2015广东)(5)I am sure that with your great efforts，you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.我确信在你的巨大努力下，你的生活会丰富多彩。(2014江西)(6)Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment.我很遗憾得知你现在过得不好。(2014安徽)(7)This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldnt get discouraged right after failures.温斯顿丘吉尔的这句名言告诉我们：我们不应该在失败后沮丧。(2014福建)(8)Can I suggest that we put it off until early August?我能建议把它推迟到八月初吗？(2014北京)(9)Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.我还想知道我要付多少学费，是否包含住宿。(2014新课标全国)(10)I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.I think my life will be very different in ten years.我经常想象未来我的生活会是什么样的。我想我的生活在十年后会非常不同。(2014大纲全国)三、同位语从句(1)There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.毫无疑问，你可以和他们友好相处。(2014天津)(2)It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.它反映出当今的一个普遍现象：孩子们是家庭的焦点，肩负着父母的希望。(2013福建)四、表语从句In addition to reading for knowledge，we read for fun and inspiration.That is why I recommend another category of books：literary books.除了为知识，我们还为乐趣和灵感而读书。那就是我为什么推荐另一种书文学书籍。(2014浙江)即时训练用名词性从句翻译下列句子1我们希望我们能有更多这样的活动！(2015北京)We hope (that) we can have more activities of this kind!2我们无法想象没有手机生活将是什么样子。(2014重庆)We cant imagine what life would be like without phones.3负责任是创造一个更好的社会所必须要做的。(2014湖北)Being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.4毫无疑问，那里的孩子们急需关爱和帮助。(2013山东)There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.5但是最令我感兴趣的是文学书籍，尤其是那些著名作家写的。(2012江西)But what interests me most are literary books，especially those by famous writers.第5讲复合句(2)润色添彩的定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。通常由关系代词(who，whom，that，which，as，whose )或关系副词(where，when，why)引导。一、限制性定语从句(1)Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.欢迎任何感兴趣的同学参加。(2016全国)(2)In addition，I am an outgoing girl who has rich experience in organizing school activities.此外，我是一个在组织学校活动方面有丰富经验的外向的女孩。(2015陕西)(3)Talk to someone you trust about how you feel.和你信任的人谈谈你的感受。(2014安徽)(4)I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon.我可以清楚地记得事故发生在一个下雨的星期天下午。(2014湖北)(5)However，some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for us.然而，有些课文有太多的生词和短语，这对我们来说是困难的。(2012辽宁)二、非限制性定语从句(1)Im writing to express my regret at being unable to go to the bookstore with you next weekend，which I have promised.我写信表达我对下周末不能和你一起去书店的遗憾，我本来答应要去的。(2016全国)(2)If they often cheat in the exams，they will form a bad habit，which will have a bad effect on their life.如果他们经常考试作弊，就会养成坏习惯，这会对他们的人生产生坏影响。(2015广东)(3)Well also spend some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy.我们将一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏，度过一段有趣的时光，我们希望这样会让他们开心。(2015全国)(4)But the best gift I have received is a watch，which my dad gave me on my last birthday.但是我所收到过的最好的礼物是一块手表，它是爸爸去年在我过生日时送给我的。(2014重庆)(5)Our class is made up of 52 students，all of whom are friendly and hardworking.我们班由52位同学组成，所有人都待人友好，学习刻苦。(2014天津)(6)I will go on a trip to Sichuan，where there are a great number of places of interest.我要去四川旅行，那里有很多名胜古迹。(2013山东)(7)I have been class monitor since I came to our college，which brought me a strong ability of organization.上大学以来我一直是班长，这使我有很强的组织能力。(2013天津)(8)As we all know，books are the source of knowledge.众所周知，书是知识的源泉。(2012江西)即时训练用定语从句翻译下列句子1最后，我想问一些关于他的私人生活的问题，这一定非常有趣。(2015安徽)Finally，I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life，which must be very interesting.2我的老师可能会认为我很优秀，能做好功课，这会使我更有信心。(2015湖南)My teacher may think I am excellent and I can do well in my study，which can make me more confident.3我爱好广泛，包括画画、收藏邮票等。(2013天津)My hobby is widespread，which includes drawing，collecting stamps and so on.4现在我把我在英语上的所有进步都归功于Mrs.Jones，她的鼓励使我取得了我今天所拥有的成绩。(2012广东)Now I owe all my progress in English to Mrs.Jones，whose encouragement has made me achieve what I have now. 5众所周知，污染对人类的危害很大。As we all know，pollution does great harm to human beings.第6讲复合句(3)条理分明的状语从句在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，可以放在句首或句末，放在句首时，从句后边一般用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末时，从句前通常不用逗号。一、条件状语从句(1)Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.如果我们能制定出一些人们要遵守的参与规则，情况会好转。(2016江苏)(2)I would appreciate it if I am offered with an opportunity to display my talent.如果能给我一个展示才华的机会我会非常感激。(2015陕西)(3)If you could provide more specific information，I would be very grateful.如果你能提供给我更详细的信息，我会非常感激。(2015重庆)(4)As long as there is kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful.只要有爱心和美德，世界就会变得更美好。(2014广东)(5)Once the timetable is made，we should follow it strictly.一旦时间表制定好了，我们就应该严格遵守。(2013四川)二、目的状语从句Second，you should often talk with Chinese so that you can improve your oral Chinese.第二，你应该经常和中国人交谈，以便能够提高汉语口语。(2015四川)三、结果状语从句(1)We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.我们做的如此好以至被邀请去和全校学生交流想法和经验。(2016北京)(2)I think sometimes we attach too much importance to our phones so that we ignore our friends.我认为有时我们把电话看得太重要，结果忽视了我们的朋友。(2014重庆)四、让步状语从句(1)The moral of the story is：spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.故事的寓意是：无论情况多么困难，都要不遗余力地去获取知识，绝不要轻易灰心丧气。(2015福建)(2)No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.无论多么普通的工作，都在社会中起一定的作用，因此值得我们尊重。(2013广东)五、原因状语从句(1)Second，go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.第二，到户外和朋友们玩集体游戏，因为体育锻炼是一个排解怒气的有效方法。(2014安徽)(2)I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July.But now，because my left foot was injured，I cannot go with you as planned.我记得我们原本计划七月去云南，但是现在，因为我的左脚受伤，所以不能按计划和你一起去了。(2014北京)六、时间状语从句(1)Every time I see my watch，I think about my great dad.每次我看到我的手表时，就会想到我伟大的父亲。(2014重庆)(2)When some fell behind，others would come and offer help.当有人落后时，其他人会过来提供帮助。(2013江西)(3)Ill always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green.我总是会靠右走，直到灯变绿时才过马路。(2013安徽)即时训练用状语从句翻译下列句子1如果你对此感兴趣就告诉我，我会发给你更多信息。(2015北京)If you are interested in it，let me know and Ill send you more information.2当我把我的答案给他看时，老师因我能独立思考夸奖了我。(2015湖北) When I showed my answer to him，the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.3这意味着如果你真的决定做某一件事，无论它可能有多么难，你最终都会找到办法并获得成功。(2014山东)It means if you are really determined to do something，no matter how/however difficult it might be，you will find a way of doing it at last and youll achieve success.4第三，我的父母希望我学理科因为他们认为做一名理科生，我的未来会更加光明。(2012安徽)Third，my parents wi