高考英语语法填空 考点辨析.docx

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date高考英语语法填空 考点辨析高考英语语法填空 考点辨析高考英语语法填空 考点辨析一、 知识点语法填空解题技巧：三步完成: 概读理解 分析填空 连贯检查 语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 考查各项语法内容。考点一：冠词：无提示词、可数名词单数之前1. There once were a goat and a donkey. So the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was 35_ shy , nervous perfectionist. 3. the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away 解题技巧下列情况很可能：填不定冠词：(1)_+可数名词(单数)；(2)_+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：定冠词：(1)_ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。考点二：介词：无提示词、注意搭配问题与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1、In short, I believe that it is 39_ great use to keep a dairy in English 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back 34_the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 3. She found some good quality pipes_ sale. 4. He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day考点三：代词：无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。 指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等1. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . 3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile 解题技巧 因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。考点四：连词或从句引导词：无提示词、两个主谓结构连接 1. It was not long 39_ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. 2. But nothing changed until midterm, 39_ Mary Anne, a student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. 3. Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display.4. One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.解题技巧(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。考点五：谓语动词：有提示词、与主语构成主谓结构1. I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 2. His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.1. Do you want to know why we _ (move) last year?2. It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climbers _ . ( rescue )注意：1、若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词是谓语动词，若是谓语就要考虑时态和语态。It was raining lightly when I_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015新课标）Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful. (2015新课标） Be patient! Tai Chi _ (call) “shadow boxing”(太极拳） in English.（2014辽宁卷)非谓语：分词作状语1._ (follow)by many fans，the singer walked out of the hall.2._ (follow) the famous singer，the crazy fans walked out of the hall. 若句子中已有谓语动词，所给提示动词为非谓语动词分词作状语时，根据分词与句子主语的关系确定分词形式。主语若是分词动作的执行者，用V­ing形式；主语若是分词动作的承受者，用V­ed形式。非谓语：分词作定语3.The workers _(build) the bridge came from all over the country.4.The novels _(write) by MoYan are popular，attracting more and more readers. 若句子中已有谓语动词，所给提示动词为非谓语动词分词作定语。 V­ing形式作定语表示主动或进行；V­ed形式作定语表示被动或完成。非谓语：不定式作宾语5.We hope _(get) there before dark. 动词不定式作宾语，需识记只接不定式作宾语的动词。有want，wait，offer，long，fail，hope，expect，ask，decide，determine，manage，agree，afford，arrange，promise，pretend等。练习：1._ (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.2.The girls came in, _ (follow) their parents.3._(see) from the hill, the city looks like a garden.4._(give) more time, I would have worked out the problem.5.Last night, there were millions of people _(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.6. No one knows the girl _ (stand) there.7.I remembered _(lock) the door before I left the office.2、有时给出的动词既不是谓语形式也不是非谓语形式,这时需要进行词类转换。例如：But Jane knew from past experience that her _ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 1. With the rapid economic _(grow) of our country, we now are eating a lot of food that is high in sugar and fat.(2015广东备考）2. there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _ (attract) 提示动词前有形容词，形容词一般修饰名词，故需将动词转换为其名 词形式。考点六：非谓语动词：有提示词、除谓语动词以外的动词形式1. We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_ (receive) the gift. 2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. My pupils, Donnie 40_ (include), adored her. 4. She wished that he was as easy _ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.考点七：词性转换：有提示词 介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said 36_ (rude). 2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation. 考点八：形容词的级别：有提示词通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级1、One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher 2. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _ (lonely) than I had expected that night. 3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _ (great) writers of our time.练习：1(2015·安徽卷)I'm so_(gratitude)to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.解析：句意：我是如此感激那些志愿者，因为他们帮助我快乐地结束了令人极不愉快的那一天。be grateful to“对感激的”。答案：grateful2(2015·福建卷)It was_(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.解析：句意：迈克尔考虑得非常周到，他告诉我们他将耽搁一些时间，以防我们担心。considerate“考虑周到的”。答案：considerate3(2015·湖北卷)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment，he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_ (punctuality)解析：句意：尽管会议厅在他的公寓附近，可是如果他想按时到达的话也要稍微快一点。punctual“准时的”。答案：punctual4(2015·四川卷)Andy is content with the toy.It is the_(good) he has ever got.解析：句意：这是他曾得到的最好的玩具。用最高级形式。答案：best6(2014·大纲全国卷)Raymond's parents wanted him to have the_(good)possible education.解析：句意：Raymond的父母想让他尽可能接受最好的教育。根据题干中的possible可推知设空处需用形容词的最高级，故答案为the best。答案：the best7(2013·新课标全国卷)It may not be a great suggestion.But before a _(good)one is put forward，we'll make do with it.解析：句意：这个建议可能不是很好。但是在较好的建议被提出之前，我们会先凑合用它。本题考查形容词的比较等级。“a比较级”表示“一个更的”，题干中暗含着比较的含义，需使用比较级。答案：better考点九：副词：提示词形容词 副词especial especiallyexcited excitedlyamazing amazinglynatural naturallyreal really将下列形容词转化为副词形式第一组：slow quick careful loud safe第二组 ：Happy lucky heavy angry easy第三组：Terrible gentle possible simple总结变化规则: 1.直接+ly2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词变y为i再 +ly3.有些以le结尾的形容词需要去掉e再+ y注意以下以ly结尾的形容词：Lovely 、friendly、ugly、likely用法1：副词的用法修饰形容词The boy is really lovely.练习：1.The clothes are_ (extreme) beautiful.2.I am _( terrible) sorry.3. The boy _(serious) ill.用法2：副词的用法-修饰句子Surprisingly ,the two little girls can draw so well. 练习：1._(natural), our parents are happy to get our phone call.2._(amazing), the tree did not die.3._(lucky), a policeman found the boy.用法3：副词的用法修饰动词She sings beautifully.练习：1. " I got an A. "Tom  said _(happy).2. My race went _ (wonderful) from start to finish.3. We hope your children grow _ (healthy).练习：1、His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _(warm) and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. （2010广东卷）2、Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _(slow) during cold nights. （2015全国新课标卷II）3、After knocking _(polite) at the door, the applicant entered the office of the general manager.4、_(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. (2015 广东卷）5、He must be _ (mental) disabled. (2011 广东卷）6、She was _ (surprising) helpful. (2014 广东卷） 7、The river was so polluted that it _ (actual) caught fire and burned. (2015 新课标I）8、My uncle _ (immediate) jumped and shot their arrows on the bird. (2015陕西卷）二、课堂练习Do you ever wonder why you yawn? Why do you open your mouth wide and take a deep breath? Well, a scientist at the University of Maryland is searching for the answer.Professor Robert Provine has been studying yawning for the past two years. But he says he still does not know 31 people yawn. In fact, no one seems to know much about it. Professor Provines students have helped him find out more about yawning. They agreed to 32 (watch) while sitting alone in small rooms. In the rooms, they watched television programs, or pictures of people yawning. Or they just sat and 33 (think) about yawning. Students also kept records of when they yawned throughout the day.The professor says he has learned 34 number of things from these experiments. He says yawning seems linked in some way to sleeping. His students yawned most just before sleeping or 35 waking from sleep. He also found that people yawn much when they are _36 (bore ) or not interested in what they are doing. Now, Professor Provine is planning future experiments to help him find the purpose of yawning. He said there is some evidence 37 yawning is linked to 38 (excite). Yawning is common among runners 39 (wait) to begin a race. It is also common among people waiting to make a speech. Professor Provine says he is most interested in learning why seeing someone yawn makes others yawn as well. He says almost anything connected with yawning can make people yawn. As a matter of fact, I found 40 yawning a lot as I prepared this report. I wonder if hearing it can make you yawn. If it does, excuse me, if you did yawn, write and tell me.答案： 31.why 32.be watched 33.thought 34.a 35.after 36. bored 37.that 38.excitement 39.waiting 40.myself-