(改)10种基本时态的特殊用法和.ppt

10种基本时态的特殊用种基本时态的特殊用法和考点法和考点一、一般现在时一、一般现在时客观事实和普遍真理客观事实和普遍真理He said the earth goes round the sun. 一般现在时表示将来一般现在时表示将来 1.在由在由here和和there引起的句子中引起的句子中Here comes the bus. ( The bus is coming.)2. 表按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作表按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作School begins on September 1st.The train leaves / stars at 5 pm.3.在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，要用一般现在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。在时表示将来的动作。Ill write to you as soon as I get there.We wont go unless it is fine tomorrow.The year 2002 _ remarkable changes in Shanghais landscape. (see)saw时间状语时间状语Oh, I _ know you were here. I thought you were in America. 二、一般过去时二、一般过去时didnt(09重庆重庆)Ive got to go now.Must you? I_ you could stay for dinner with us. A. think B. thoughtC. have thought D. am thinking在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，要用一般过在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，要用一般过去时表示过去将要发生的动作。去时表示过去将要发生的动作。 She said she would let me know before she left. They planned to go outing if it was fine the next day.三、现在进行时三、现在进行时 可以表示可以表示当前一段时间内的活动当前一段时间内的活动或或现阶段正现阶段正在进行的动作。在进行的动作。 She is reading in the reading room now. We are working on a farm these days.现在进行时的特殊用法现在进行时的特殊用法 1. 可用来表示一个按计划或安排在最近将要发可用来表示一个按计划或安排在最近将要发生的动作生的动作 The girl is having her birthday party tonight. We are removing into the country next week.2.现在进行时与现在进行时与always, constantly, forever等等连用，可表示某种情感（如批评、赞扬、厌连用，可表示某种情感（如批评、赞扬、厌烦等）。烦等）。Your girl is constantly thinking of others. (赞赞扬扬) My father is forever losing his keys. (批评批评) (08年重庆年重庆) Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will damage四、过去进行时四、过去进行时1.过去进行时代替一般过去时，表示批评、过去进行时代替一般过去时，表示批评、赞扬、厌烦、不满等情绪。赞扬、厌烦、不满等情绪。 She was always working like that The girl was forever complaining about something.2. 过去进行时表示过去即将发生的动作。过去进行时表示过去即将发生的动作。 I was meeting him in the town the next day. She wondered when he was coming back for supper.（10全国全国）Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No , I _ my homework all day yesterday. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do五、一般将来时五、一般将来时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性的动作。可以表示一种倾向或习惯性的动作。 Man will die.（人总是要死的。）（人总是要死的。） Things will happen against our wish. （事情是不会按照我们的愿望发生的。）（事情是不会按照我们的愿望发生的。） Will 的否定形式表示的否定形式表示“不能不能”、“没法没法”。 The car wont start.（这辆车开不动。）（这辆车开不动。） Oil and water will not mix.（油和水没法混（油和水没法混合在一起。）合在一起。） 六、过去将来时六、过去将来时was/were going to do was/were going to do 表过去将表过去将来，或表示过去未曾实现的愿望或来，或表示过去未曾实现的愿望或想法想法 七、现在完成时七、现在完成时1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在有影响或结果在有影响或结果2. 过去已经开始且一直延续到现在的动作或过去已经开始且一直延续到现在的动作或状态。状态。 I havent seen him these days. They have lived here since 1978. 现在完成时表示将来现在完成时表示将来 在时间、条件状语从句中，现在完成时可在时间、条件状语从句中，现在完成时可表示将来某时已经完成了的动作。表示将来某时已经完成了的动作。 I shall go with you as soon as I have had my bath.（10四川）四川）-When shall we restart our business?-Not until we_our plan Awill finish Bare finishingCare to finish Dhave finished八、过去完成时八、过去完成时 “过去的过去过去的过去” When we reached the station the train had left. They had lived there for ten years before the war broke out.(09上海上海) Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets _out. A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling现在完成进行时现在完成进行时have been doing（10安徽）安徽）-Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been comingMr Smith _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether he has finished it.A. has written B. wroteC. had written D. was writing将来进行时将来进行时will be doing(10福建）福建） Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. -How nice! You a different culture then. will be experiencingB. have experiencedC. have been experiencingD. will have experienced一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别： 一般过去时表示一般过去时表示表示过去发生的，和现在没有表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态，联系的动作或状态， 一个一个完成完成的动作，的动作， 而过去进行时则表示一个而过去进行时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行没有完成且正在进行的动作。的动作。I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我今天上午我写写了了一封信。（信已写完）一封信。（信已写完） I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上今天上午我午我在写在写一封信。（正在写，不一定写完）一封信。（正在写，不一定写完） 1. -Has Tommy finished his job yet? -I have no idea of it ; he _ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did2.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_. A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown现在完成时现在完成时与与一般过去式一般过去式的区别：的区别：一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的时间状语；时间状语；而现在完成时而现在完成时说明现在的情况，对现在有影响说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。 Where _the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; putHe has lived in Beijing for 8 years. He lived in Beijing for 8 years.How has he done it? How did he do it? Where _the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 现在完成时表示动作截止到现在已完成，现在完成时表示动作截止到现在已完成，着重结果着重结果；现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始一直持续现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，也可表示在说话时刻之前刚刚到现在的动作，也可表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作，结束的动作，强调动作的持续性强调动作的持续性。 I have written three letters. 我已写完三封信。（已写完）我已写完三封信。（已写完） I have been writing three letters. 我一直在写三封信。（可能还在写）我一直在写三封信。（可能还在写）Grammar 将来时将来时I. be going to 的用法的用法 按计划、打算去做某事，表示人的按计划、打算去做某事，表示人的主管意图主管意图. 表示预测或有迹象要发生某事。表示预测或有迹象要发生某事。1). How long is your aunt going to stay in China for a visit?（计划、打算）（计划、打算）2). Look at the clouds. Its going to rain.(有迹象要发生）有迹象要发生）3). George is putting on weight. He is going to be quite fat.（预测）（预测） II. be going to与与 will 的区别的区别1). Will a. 表示说话人认为、相信要发生的事表示说话人认为、相信要发生的事, 不不含具体时间含具体时间, 可以指遥远的将来可以指遥远的将来; b. 必然要发生的事必然要发生的事be going to 表示按计划、打算即将发生的事。表示按计划、打算即将发生的事。2). 二者都可以表示二者都可以表示“意图意图” 。但是。但是表示事先考虑的事情用表示事先考虑的事情用be going to, 否否则用则用will。1. I am not going to buy a bike. 2. -This is a very heavy box. -Ill help you to carry it.3). be going to 可以用在条件句中表示可以用在条件句中表示 将来将来, will则不行。则不行。 如如:If you are going to attend the party, youd better leave now.be to 表示表示客观客观安排或受人指示而做某事。安排或受人指示而做某事。 be going to 则表示则表示主观主观的打算或计划。的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排客观安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排主观安排) be about to doa. be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing.be about to 不能与不能与tomorrow, next week 等等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 be + to do 结构：结构： 1. 表示表示“按计划、安排（要做某事）按计划、安排（要做某事）”。 1).Wearetomeetattheschoolgate. 2).TheyaretogotravellinginAugust.2. 表示表示“命令命令,职责职责,目的目的, 用途用途,命中注定等命中注定等”。1).Youaretobebackbeforefiveoclock.2). Heistodesignanewmachine.2）He is to design a new machine. 3.)Theprizewastohonourhimforhis greatdiscoveries.4.) Apenistowritewith.5）They were never to meet again. 1）下列动词：）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.2）在时间或条件句中）在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是不是will come), ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 3）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.4）在动词）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. Mike was walking in the street when he met Tom.M: - It _ 2 months since I last saw you.(be) T: - I have just returned from abroad.M: - Is it the first time you _ abroad?(be)T: - Yes. And hardly _ I _ there when I was struck by its beauty. (arrive)M: - How do you find your trip?T:- Very good. To tell the truth, its the most unforgettable trip I _. (ever have)M: Im glad to hear that. By the way, I am leaving for a meeting now. It _ (be) 20 minutes before it_. (start)is/has beenhave beenhave ever had时态的特殊句式时态的特殊句式had arrivedwill bestarts It _ long since we _the result of the experiment. It _long before we _the result of the experiment. It _long before we _the result of the experiment. is/has beenknewwill beknowwasknewIt was the first time you _ abroad.had been做高考英语时态做高考英语时态考题的方法技巧考题的方法技巧 1. 1. 利用时态标志解题利用时态标志解题 You look very tired. _ at all last night? No, not really. Im tired out now. (2006陕西卷陕西卷)A. Do you sleep B. Were you sleeping C. Did you sleep D. Had you slept2. 2. 利用句子语境解题利用句子语境解题Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. (2005湖南卷湖南卷)A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 3. 3. 利用关键词解题利用关键词解题 It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. (2006辽辽宁卷宁卷) were being designed B. have designedC. have been designed D. were designedearly4. 4. 揣测命题意图解题揣测命题意图解题 I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner. (2006辽宁卷辽宁卷) come B. comes C. has come D. will come(09陕西陕西)Thisisthefirsttimewe_afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A.see B.hadseenC.saw D.haveseen举一反三破定势举一反三破定势-Do you work here?-No, I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary comes. just help outB. have just helped outC. am just helping outD. will just help outCIf you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago,you would have known what we about.A.TalkedB.have talkedC.were talkingD.would talk易失分题透析易失分题透析The old man who in the deserted house alone for ten years has been settled in a nursing home now.A.Lived B.has livedC.has been livingD.had livedSuddenly everyone stopped talking.It became clear that something unexpected _. But,for a while,I didnt know what it was.A.has happened B.is happening C.happened D.had happened(09四川四川) You speak very good French!Thanks. I _ French in Sichuan University for four years. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied(09江苏江苏)-Annisinhospital.-Oh,really?I_know.I_goandvisither.A.didnt;amgoingto B.dont;wouldC.dont;will D.didnt;will08年江西卷年江西卷32) Do you think we should accept that offer?- Yes, we should, for we _such bad luck up till now, and time _ out.A.have had;is running B. had;is running C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run典型高考陷阱题典型高考陷阱题 I _ his telephone number. I have his number, but I _ to bring my phone book.A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgotC. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget Hey, look where you are going! Oh, Im terribly sorry. _.A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent noticed D. I dont notice I dont know if she _, but if she _ I will let you know.A. comes, comes B. will come, will comeC. comes, will come D. will come, comesHe has changed a lot. He _ not what he _.A. is, is B. was, was C. is, was D. was, is 表示表示“应该做（某事）应该做（某事）”。What are we to do next？ What is to be done when something gets into your eyes？ 表示表示“可能性可能性”。 Its eleven oclock now. He is to get to Mikes house. Lets see who is to win the game. 表示表示“征求对方的意见征求对方的意见”。Am I to go on with the work？When are they to hand in their plan？结束结束