仁爱英语八年级上册U1T2知识点.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date仁爱英语八年级上册U1T2知识点仁爱英语八年级上册U1T2知识点仁爱英语八年级上册Unit1 Topic2 知识点平顶山市第七中学 张燕华I.单词和短语1. ill 有病的 - illness 疾病 fall ill 生病2. mind 介意，想法 mind doing sth. - Would you mind teaching me ? 你介意教我吗？ - Would you mind not throwing bottles around ? mind one's doing sth. - Would you mind my smoking here ? 你介意我在这里抽烟吗？ mind if clause（if引导的宾语从句）- Would you mind if I smoke here ?3. pass 传递，经过 - pass sth. to sb. = pass sb. sth. 双宾语结构：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：                         He brings me cookies every day.           但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：              He brings cookies to me every day.            She made a beautiful dress for me.           用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。           用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。          常跟双宾语的动词有：     需借助to的：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；          需借助for 的 ：buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。4. give sb. a hand = do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙5. do well in = be good at 擅长做.6. certainly 当然 - certain 确定的 - for certain 无意的，确定的7. throw- threw - thrown 扔 throw sth. to sb. = throw sb. sth. throw . around 乱扔.8. shout at sb. 斥责. shout to sb. 对. 大声喊9. fight - fought - fought 打架，吵架 fight for . 10. do one's best = try one's best 尽.最大的努力.11. angry 生气的 - be angry with sb. 生. 的气12. finish 完成，结尾 finish doing13. invent 发明（动词） - inventor 发明家 - invention 发明(名词)14. become - became - become 变成15. through (空间，立体)穿过- across (平面，表面)穿过16. follow 跟随，效仿，遵守，跟得上 follow the rules 遵守规则；follow me 跟我来17. as adv. 同样地，一样地The food here is just as good but not as expensive.这里的食物不比那里的差但价钱更便宜。 prep. 作为，以的身份;如同 As a student, you must work hard. 作为一名学生，你必须努力学习。 conj. 像，像一样;由于;同时，当时;尽管As it's Sunday, you can relax.由于是星期天，你可以放松一下。 She loved singing as a child.她小时候喜欢唱歌。18. than 比. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级： 规则变化：(1) 单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est.例如：talltallertallesthardharderhardest(2) 以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st.例如：bravebraverbravest.(3) 以一个辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词,双写这个辅音字母再加-er/-est.例如：bigbiggerbiggest；hothotterhottest.(4) 以辅音字母y结尾的双音节词,先把y改为i,再加-er/-est.例如：happyhappierhappiest.(5) 其他双音节词和多音节的词,在前面加more和most.例如：interestingmore interestingmost interesting;carefullymore carefullymost carefully不规则变化：good/wellbetterbest bad/illworseworst many/muchmoremostlittlelessleast farfartherfarthest badlyworseworst19. such 如此.， 这样的，类似的 与so的区别： (1).so 后跟形容词或副词;such 后跟名词或名词短语。 so beautiful a girl= such a beautiful girl (2).名词前如有many ,much ,little ,few 时，用so ,不用 such . so many books20. person 人，个人 - personal 私人的，个人的21. hero 英雄 heroes22. point 观点，要点, 点 指向 point to . 23. hit - hit- hit 碰撞II. 重点句子和语法。1. Could you help me ? 你能帮我吗？ could 既是can的过去式，又可以表示语气委婉。 一定要注意区分。2. I'd be glad to. 我很乐意。3. Would you mind teaching me? 你介意教我吗？ Would you mind 用法见单词部分2. mind/try/enjoy/practice/keep doing.4. We lost the game because you wouldn't pass the ball. lose- lost -lost 输了. you didn't pass the ball的意思是：你没有传球。you wouldn't pass 的意思则是：你不愿传球。你拒绝传球。5. What about saying sorry to Michael? What /How about doing? .怎么样？ say sorry to sb.6. You are sure to have more fan. be sure to do. 一定可以.7. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the US and other parts of the world. one of . 强调单数，但sport 有很多，应用复数； US之外的世界上其它很多地方，用 other parts of the world the most popular : 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级（见单词部分18）8. At first, it was an indoor game so that students could play in bad weather. so that 与 so.that . 用法的区别 （1）在sothat句型中，so后面加形容词或副词，其意为“如此以至于”。如： This book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it. 这本书很有趣，人人都想看看。 （2）so that引导的是表示结果的状语从句，但不一定是“如此以至于”。如： The workers did so well that he was pleased with them. 工人们干得很好，他对他们很满意。 （3）so that引导目的状语从句，其从句中的谓语动词通常和can, may, should等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便，为了，使能够”。如： They got up early so that they could catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车，他们早早就起床了。9. It is a team sport with two teams of five players each. 这是一个(需要)两支队的团体（对抗性）运动（项目），每支队（有）5名选手。 句子中的of 是介词，修饰名词teams，of five players each介词短语修饰teams，解释说明teams的属性， teams of five players each说明teams的特性是每只team都有five players这个特性/特点。 of作为介词使用时，其后跟名词或是名词性质的短语。10. The goal is to throw the ball through the other sides basket and to stop the other team from doing so. 目标是把球投到对方的篮筐里并且阻止对方做同样的事。 to throw, to stop 在这是是动词不定式做表语，表示目的。 stop /prevent. from doing . 阻止/防止 . 做. 11. To win the basketball game, you should have good skills. 动词不定式to do 在句子中的作用： 定语 I have something to do. 主语 To do the job is hard. 表语 My job is to do some shopping. 状语 I came here to do my work. 宾语 I like to do the job.12. But it is more important (for you and other players) to play as a team. 重要句型：It is +adj +(for sb.) to do sth. 对于.来说，做.是.的。13. Football is a fast game played in winter and early spring. 足球是被踢的。所以这里用的是被动语态。 被动语态结构： 主语+be+Vpp.(动词的过去分词)14. People can sit around the green, enjoying the sun, having drinks and watching the team games. sit around 围着.坐，围坐在. green 指草坪 enjoying, having, watching 表示伴随意义。-