2022年2021年高考英语全国3卷 2.pdf

1 2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试卷3 英语试题第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题 满分 30 分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Animals Out of Paper Yolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折纸术 ) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.) The AudienceHelen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.) Hamilton Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 2 12-967-7555.) On the Twentieth Century Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gal1agher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie stars love during a cross-country train journey. Scott El1is directs ,for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 2-7 1300 1. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about? A.A type of art. B. A teenagers studio. C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals 2. Who is the director of The Audience? A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan. C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry 3 . Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history? A. Animals Out 0f Paper. B. The Audience. C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 B For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative Its no secret that China has always been a source( 来源) of inspiration for designers, says Amanda Hil1, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion ( 时尚) shows. Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable c10thing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics 美学on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences. China is impossible to overlook, says Hill. Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion - they are central to its movement. Of course, not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China - some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs - and beating them hands down in design and sales, adds Hill. For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers, she says. China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China its influences, its direction, its breathtaking c1othes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways. 4. What can we learn about the exhibition in York? A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors. C. It showed ancient Chinese c1othes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models. 5. What does HiIl say about Chinese women? A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns. C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world 6. What do the underlined words taking on in paragraph 4 mean? A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 C Before he 1830s， most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $ 10 a year. Today $8 0 1 $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that The trend, then, was toward the penny paper - a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street. This development did not take place ,overnight. It had been possible (but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny - usually two or three cents was charged - and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase penny paper caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny. This new trend of newspapers for the man on the street did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling 8. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential 9. What did street sales mean to newspapers? A. They would be priced higher. B. They would disappear from cities. C. They could have more readers. D. They could regain public trust. 10. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at? A. Local politicians. B. Common people. C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen. 11. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper? A. It was a difficult process. B. It was a temporary success. C. It was a robber of the poor. D. It was a disaster for printers. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 D Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers. A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined - or added - the symbols to get the reward. Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers - 17 in this example. After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination. When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value - sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only action (小部分 ) of the smaller number to it. This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, Dr. Livingstone says. But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. 12. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them? A. They fed them. B. They named them. C. They trained them. D. They measured them. 13 . How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment? A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen. C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks. 14. What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys? A. They could perform basic addition. C. They could memorize numbers easily. B. They could understand simple words. D. They could hold their attention for long. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 15. ln which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science. 第二节 (共 5 小题: 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 16 While 1 have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑 ) of each to their particular circumstance. Dos ?17 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus ( 教学大纲 ) and learning managem nt system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight. ? Participate in discussion forums (论坛 )， blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 18 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Donts ? Dont share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension simply explain the situation to the professor. 19 ? Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 20 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used ac ally says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A. Thats what they are for. B. Tum to an online instructor for help. C. If more information is needed, they will ask. D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E. Below are some common dos and donts for online learners. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G . Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions 第二部分语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45 分) 第一节 (共 20 小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March 21 six months out of the year. Of course, we 22 it when the sun is shining ， says Karin Ro, who works for the towns tourism office. We see the sky is 23 but down in the valley its darker t like on a 24 day. But that 25 when a system of high-tech 26 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks ( 山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents 居民) of Rjukan 27 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 28 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 29 them to along with the sun throughout the 30 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam of light onto the towns central 31 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 32 ，Rjukan residents gathered together. People have been 33 there and standing there and taking 34 of each other, Ro says. The town square was totally 35 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. The 3,500 residents cannot all 36 the sunshine at the same time. 37 ， the new light feels like more than enough for the towns 38 residents Its not very 39 ， she says, but it is enough when we are - 40 . 21. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely 22. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice 23. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide 24. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm 25. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered 26. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras 27. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 28. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 29. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 30. A. day B. night C. month D. year 31. A. library B.hall C. square D. street 32. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped 33. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting 34. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 35. A. new B. full C. f1at D. silent 36. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store 37. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly 38. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved 39. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy 40. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分， 共 15 分）阅读下面短文在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 On our way to the house, it was raining 41 hard that we could help wondering how long it would take 42 . ( get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 43 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 44 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hos shared many of their experiences and 45 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya ( 木瓜 ) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were fr from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 46 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 47 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 48 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 49 ( invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 50 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 41.42. 43. 44. 45. 46.47. 48. 49. 50. 第三部分写作(共两节，满分35 分) 第一节短文改错 (共 10 小题;每小题 分，满分10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有