2022年Unit-1-Festivals-around-the-world-课文知识点解析 .pdf

1 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 课文知识点解析Warming up 1.Festivals are meant to celebrate important events. 人们通过节日来庆祝重要的事情。此句如果改成主动语态，就很容易翻译了: People mean festivals to celebrate important events. (1)mean vt. mean sb. or sth. to do sth.=intend sb. or sth. to do sth. 意欲、打算让某人做某事e.g. I never mean her to read those comments. 我没打算让她读那些评论。The diagram is meant to show the different stages of the process. 这个表格是准备用来展示进展的不同阶段的。(2)eventC n.重要的事，大事e.g. All of these are the most important events of 1994. 所有这些事都是 1994 年最重要的事。2.Discuss when they take place. 思维拓展mean to do=intent to do 有意做某事e.g. I didn t mean to hurt you. 我并不是有意伤害你的。思维拓展eventC n.比赛项目e.g. track events 经营项目思维拓展happen 偶然发生e.g. A car accident happened yeste- rday. 昨天出了一次车祸。思维拓展ancient n. (前面与 the连用)古代人，古希腊名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 讨论它们何时发生take place 发生e.g. The next meeting will take place on Tuesday. 下一次会议在星期二召开。Reading：Festivals and Celebration 1.Ancient festivals 古代节日ancient adj. 古代的e.g. ancient civilization of Asia 亚洲的古代文明ancient Rome 古罗马to study ancient history 研究古代历史2.Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. 世界各地的人们举行各种各样的节日和庆祝活动。of all kinds 作后置定语a kind of+单数/ 复数名词 +单数谓语动词e.g. There is a kind of tree(s) in the garden whose flowers are very beautiful. 在花园里，有一种树，它的花很美。this kind of+单数/ 复数名词 +复数动词e.g. This kind of trees are rare now. 人，古罗马人思维拓展kind adj.仁慈的；善良的；好心的e.g.be kind to animals 爱护动物She was kind to me when I was unhappy. 当我不高兴的时候，她对我很好。思维拓展harvest vt. 收割(庄稼) ，收获e.g. harvest rice 割稻子思维拓展starve to death 饿死全析提示light vi. 引着，着 （火）e. g. The wet wood doesnt light easily. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 这种树很罕见。These/Those kinds of+单数/ 复数名词 +复数动词e.g. Those kinds of fruit(s) are cheap. 那种水果很便宜。3.The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather ，planting in spring and harvest in autumn. 最古老的节日是庆祝寒冷冬天的结束、春天的耕种和秋天的丰收。harvest in autumn 秋天的丰收harvestC;U n. 收获e.g. harvest time 丰收时节4.They would starve if food was difficult to find. 如果食物很难找到，他们将会挨饿。starve vt.&vi. 挨饿，饿死e.g. Thousands of people will starve if food doesnt reach the stricken city. 如果食物无法到达这座受灾的城市，成千上万的人将会饿死。5.They lit fire and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of 湿木头不容易着。lighted(p.p.) 点着的e.g.a lighted candle 一枝点着的蜡烛plenty of+可数或不可数名词e.g.plenty of books or water 全析提示the+形容词：表示一类人honor n. 尊敬，敬意，荣誉，光荣satisfy vt. 说服，使相信 v. 满意，确保neither.nor.既不也不do harm/good to sb.=do sb. harm /good 对某人 / 某物有害 / 有利思维拓展名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 plenty. 他们点起篝火，奏起音乐，因为他们认为这些节日将会带来富足的一年。light (lit，lit or lighted ，lighted) vt. 点燃，照亮e.g. light a cigarette 点一根香烟make music 创作音乐make a film 拍一部电影a year of plenty 富足的一年plenty n./pron. 足够；大量e.g. years of peace and plenty 太平丰收年There is plenty of room in my bag. 我包里还很空。6.Some festivals are held to honor the dead，or satisfy and please the ancestors ，who could return either to help or do harm. 一些节日之所以举办是为了表示对死者的尊敬，或是让祖先高兴，因为他们有可能回来帮忙也有可能对现在的人不利。the dead=the dead people 死者e.g. the rich 富人； the poor 穷人honor vt. 尊重或尊敬in memory of. 为了纪念思维拓展lead to 导致，通向e.g.Smoking cigarettes leads to lung disease. 吸烟导致肺病。思维拓展grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的思维拓展feast 盛宴out of shape 有错误的形状；走形思维拓展offer to do sth.=be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事思维拓展original adj. 原有的；最初的名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 satisfy vt. 使某人感到满意please vt. 使某人高兴either.or. 在连接主语时，注意就近原则e.g. Either you or I am going to attend the important meeting. 你或我将要出席那个重要的会议。do harm to sb. or sth.对某人或某物有害e.g. Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside. 现代的农业对农村造成了极大的损害。7.when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 这时候，人们去扫墓，点上香火祭奠祖先。memory C usually plura n. 表示所记住的事情，记忆e.g. memories of the war 对战争的记忆happy memories of his stay in London 对在伦敦幸福的记忆8.lead the ancestors back to earth 把祖先带回到地球lead sb. to.把某人带到e.g. He led us to his home. e.g.The land was returned to its original owner. 土地又还给了最初的主人。全析提示dress sb. 给某人穿衣dress well 穿着时髦be dressed in+clothes 穿着样的衣服全析提示trick vt. 欺骗e.g.He knew he had been tricked，but it was too late. 他知道被骗了，但是太晚了。全析提示honor vt. 尊敬e.g.I feel highly honored by your trust. 你信任我，我感到十分名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 他把我们带到他家。9.People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter. 人们感激上苍，因为冬天的食物已经收集好了。be grateful 有感激之情的e.g.I am grateful to you for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。10.On this important feast day， people might eat food in the shape of skulls ， and cakes with bones on them. 在这种重要的宗教节日上，人们会吃带有头颅形状的食物和上面带有骨头的蛋糕。feast day n. 节日，斋日，宗教节日in the shape of. 以的形状或形式e.g. Help came in the shape of a $10 000 loan from his parents. 他父母提供帮助的形式为10 000 美元的贷款。11.They offer food，flowers and gifts to the dead. 他们把食物、鲜花和礼物献给死者。offer sth. to sb.= offer sb.sth.提供某物给某人荣幸。思维拓展arrive at+小地点arrive in+大地点思维拓展gain n. 财富的获取，利润e.g.No pains no gains. 不劳则无获。思维拓展award vt. 正式授予某物给某人作为奖品或报酬e.g.The university awarded him a scholarship. 大学授予了他奖学金。思维拓展admire vt. 高度评价全析提示forward 向前backward 向后名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 e.g. He offered me 300 dollars for that television. 他出 300 美元向我买那部电视机。12.The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. 万圣节起源于纪念已逝的人们。had its origin as an event 起源于某事have your or its origin=begin 开始e.g.Many of the problems had their origin in post-war Europe. 许多问题都起源于战后欧洲。13.They dress up and try to frighten people. 他们乔装打扮穿得古里古怪地去吓唬人。dress up 穿上特别的衣服；乔装打扮e.g.He went to the party dressing up as Chicago gangster. 他们打扮成芝加哥的黑帮去参加聚会。14.If they are not given anything ，the children might play a trick. 如果孩子们没有得到什么的话， 他们就会搞恶作剧。play a trick on sb. 愚弄某人；搞某人的恶作剧The children played a trick on their teacher. upward 向上downward 向下全析提示energy n. 精力，精神，活力， 物 能量要点提炼as though/as if.引导的比较状语从句往往用虚拟语气。思维拓展funny adj. 滑稽可笑的，有趣的e.g.They told us many funny stories. 他们给我们讲了很多有趣的故事。思维拓展heart breaker n. 令人伤心的人思维拓展turn up 开大e.g. turn up the oven 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。15.Festivals can be held as an honor to famous people or to the gods. 人们庆祝节日是为了颂扬名人或是歌颂神灵。honor 荣誉，光荣e.g.Early this year I have the honor of meeting the President and Mrs Clinton. 今年初，我荣幸的见到了克林顿总统及夫人。Hes an honor to his parents. 他的父母以他为荣。16.Another is Columbus Day in the USA ，in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in American. 另一个是美国的哥伦布节，为了纪念美国克里斯托弗哥伦布的到来。arrivalU n. 到达e.g.the arrival of the train 火车的到达17.the leader who helped gain Indias independence from Britain. 那位领袖，他帮助印度摆脱英国获得了独立。gain vt. 得到，获得e.g. She gained high grades in English and Math. to 220 degree centigrade 把炉子开到 220摄氏度要点提炼现在分词作伴随状语，与主语是主动关系。思维拓展eat one s words 承认说错了话have words 吵嘴，争论思维拓展catch one s breath 屏息；歇一口气take breath 歇息take one s breath away 大为惊讶waste one s breath 白费口舌apologize to sb. for doing sth. 为某事向某人道歉apologize for oneself 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 她在数学和英语学科中获得了高分。18.Some people might win awards for their animals ，flowers ，fruit and vegetables. 一些人可能因为他们的动物，花，果实和蔬菜而赢得奖品。awardC n. 评价 报酬 奖品e.g.He has won the best actor award. 他已经获得了最佳男演员奖。19.In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals，when people admire the moon and give gifts of mooncakes. 在中国和日本都有中秋节，人们欣赏明月同时互赠月饼作为礼物。admire vt. 欣赏，钦佩e.g.I d admire to go.我很想去。Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor. 人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。20.The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最活跃和最重要的节日就是那些期盼冬天结束和春为自己辩解或辩护全析提示drown vt.&vi. 淹死；把淹死 ; 沉溺于；埋头于He drowned himself in work. 他埋头工作。思维拓展It is clear that. 很清楚It is thought that. 有人认为全析提示at (in) wait 等待wait a bit 等一下wait and see 等着瞧wait up (for) 熬夜等候全析提示weave vi. 织布，编织，迂回行进 ; 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 天到来的节日。look forward to+n./doing sth.盼望；期盼e.g.I am looking forward to our vacation. 我正盼望着我们的假期的到来。energetic adj.充满活力的e.g.He is an energetic boy;he enjoys sports. 他是一个精力充沛的孩子，他喜欢运动。21.The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 地上盖满了樱桃花，看起来就像覆盖着粉色的雪。look as though/as if. 看起来好像e.g.He looks as if he knew everything. 他看起来好像他知道一切。22.People love to get together to eat ，drink and have fun with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起吃饭、喝酒和娱乐。have fun 过得愉快funU n. 有趣的事；娱乐e.g.The children were having so much fun，so I hated to call them inside. 孩子们玩得如此高兴， 所以我不愿意把他们叫进来。n. 编结法，编结式样，织物思维拓展lively 充满活力的 ;生动有趣的e.g.He has many ways of making his classes lively and interesting. 他有许多方法使他的课生动有趣。思维拓展first love 初恋mothers love 母爱one-sided love 单相思for the love of. 看在的份上思维拓展marry vt. 把全副精力给予e. g. He s married to his work. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 What fun it is! 多么有趣啊！I came here for work，not for fun. 我来这里是来工作的，不是来玩的。Reading：A Sad love Story 1.Li Fang was heart-broken. 李方感到心都碎了。heart-broken adj. 感到心碎的e.g.You d better not make the girl heart-broken. 你最好不要让这个女孩太伤心。2.But she didnt turn up. 但是，她没有出现。turn up 出现e.g.Steven turned up late as usual. 斯蒂文像平常一样迟到了。The papers will turn up sooner or later. 文件迟早会找到的。Several old friends turned up at the reunion. 好几个老朋友出现在聚会上。3.She could be with her friends right now laughing at him. 他把全副精力投入了工作。思维拓展make sb. done 使某人被e.g.I want to make myself under- stood. 我想让大家都明白我的意思。思维拓展follow的常见词组：as follows如下it follows that 因而断定It reads as follows. 全文如下。follow sb. about 跟踪，尾随follow after 紧跟; 力求达到follow on 继续下去名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 她可能正和她的朋友在一起，嘲笑他。laughing at him现在分词作伴随状语e.g.My teacher came in，smiling. 老师微笑着进来了。4.And he thought she would keep her word. 他认为她会信守诺言的。keep one s word 信守诺言e.g. Gail kept her word and returned all the money. 盖尔信守诺言，归还了所有的钱。5.He was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. 他不打算再等着她来道歉。hold ones breath 屏住呼吸；急切等待着事情的发生e.g.We held our breath while Mr Evans read the exam away. 当伊文思先生宣读考试成绩的时候，我们屏住呼吸等待着考试的结果。I just held my breath and prayed I wouldnt sneeze. 我屏住呼吸祈祷不要再打喷嚏了。follow up 紧追不舍思维拓展couple vi. 连在一起，配合，连接e.g.Her name was coupled with his. 她的名字与他的连在一起。思维拓展be made of.由做成( 看得见原料 ) be made from.由做成(看不见原料 ) 思维拓展weep的习惯用语 : weep away 哭个不停weep out 边哭边说 ; 用哭来发泄 (感情) weep oneself (ones heart) out 尽情痛哭 ; 哭得死去活来全析提示名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 13 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉e.g.I must apologize for the untidy state of the room. 屋子这么不整洁，实在抱歉。I must apologize for calling you so late. 实在抱歉，这么晚给您打电话。6.He would drown his sadness in coffee. 他将会用咖啡冲淡自己的悲伤。drown 淹死，淹没，用液体来完全覆盖某物drown ones sorrows 忘掉自己的悲伤drown ones cares in wine 以酒解忧7.It is obvious that. 很显然e.g.It is obvious that she is very clever. 很明显，她挺聪明。Indeed，there are many obvious advantages to a five-day week. 的确，实行五天工作制有许多明显的优点。It is obvious that even if we can save much energy，we can only delay the energy crisis. 很明显，即使我们能节约很多能量，我们也只能推迟能源危机的到来。8.wait for sb.to do sth. set off的其他含义 : 使爆炸，引起爆炸，引起( 突发的动作 ) ，导致(突然的活动 ) ，衬托，使更为突出，使更为美观思维拓展remind sb. to do sth.=remind sb. that. 提醒某人做某事思维拓展(1)cut off a corner=cut corners=cut a corner 抄近路 (斜路) ，走捷径(2)wave n. 波，波浪，(挥手)示意，致意e.g.She gave a wave as she left the house. 她离开家时挥了挥手。思维拓展名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 14 等待某人做某事e.g.The students are waiting for their teacher to explain the difficult question. 同学们正等待着他们的老师解释那道难题。I m waiting for James to arrive. 我正等着詹姆斯的到来。I bought a paper and waited for the train. 我买了一张报纸就等火车了。9.the weaving girl 织女weave vt.(wove woven)编结; 编成(故事、小说等); 使迂回前进e.g.weave thread into cloth 把线织成布weave a basket 编一个篮子weave a story 编一个故事weave ones way through a crowd 在人群中迂回穿行10.She was the most lovely of the daughters. 她是女儿中最可爱的。lovely adj. 美丽的；可爱的 ; 有趣的e.g.The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. 这幢房子有很多大房间， 并有一个惹人喜爱的花园。forgive and forget 不念旧恶，不记仇forgive sb. his debts 豁免某人的债务Pray forgive me! 请原谅我吧 ! 思维拓展注意：could 不表示时态的情况：1. 提出委婉的请求（注意在回答中不可用could ） 。e.g. Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？Yes， you can./No，you can t. 可以。 / 不可以。2. 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。e.g.He couldn t be a bad man. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 15 a lovely meal愉快的一餐a lovely cool drink沁人心脾的冷饮Your portable computer is a lovely job. 你的手提电脑真不错。11.While she was on earth ，she met the herd boy Niulang ，and they fell in love. 当她在人间的时候， 她遇到了牛郎， 他们就相爱了。fall in love with sb.=get to love sb.爱上某人e.g.The boy fell in love with the girl. 这小伙子爱上了这姑娘。Love is blind.情人眼里出西施。12.They got married secretly， and they were very happy. 他们秘密结婚了，并且生活得很幸福。marry sb. 与某人结婚 ;娶了某人 ; 嫁给某人get married to sb. 与某人结婚 (强调动作）be married to sb. 与某人结婚了 (强调状态 ) marry sb. to sb.让某人与某人结婚e.g.I m glad he married a girl of spirit. 我很高兴他和一个活泼的姑娘结了婚。She has married off all her daughter. 她把女儿都嫁出去了。他不大可能是坏人。全析提示否定结构中： dont have to 表示“不必”，mustnt 表示“禁止”。e.g.You dont have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about it. 你不能把这件事告诉他。思维拓展否定推测用 cant 。e.g.They can t have got lost. 他们不可能迷路。She cant be home now. 她不可能在家。全析提示名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 16 13.He made the weaving girl return to Heaven. 他迫使织女返回了天庭。make sb. do sth.使某人做某事e.g.His terrible stories made our blood freeze. 他讲的恐怖故事吓得我们浑身冰冷。I cant make the horse go. 我无法使这匹马走动。I don t like milk，but she made me drink it. 我不喜欢牛奶，可是她强迫我喝。14.Niulang tried to follow her，but the river of stars，the Milky Way ，stopped him. 牛郎企图要追上织女，但是银河挡住了他的去路。the Milky Way 银河follow vt. 跟随，追随，沿而行，理解，从事，追求e.g. follow our own road in developing industry 走自己发展工业的道路follow the worlds affairs注意世界局势The children followed their mother into the room. 孩子们跟着母亲进了房间。I do not quite follow you.我听不大懂你的话。You go first and Ill follow.你先走，我跟着推测的否定形式，用cant ， couldn t 表示。e.g.Mike can t have found his car， for he came to work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。注意： could ，might 表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can，may 。思维拓展1.neednt have done sth. 表示本没必要做某事，但做了。e.g.I dressed very warmly for the trip，but I neednt have done so. The weather 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 16 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 17 就来。We followed the road to the top of the hill. 我们沿着这条路走到了小山顶。15.Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken，her mother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.