最新Public Attitude Toward Science(共48张PPT课件).pptx

Brainstorming 第一页，共四十八页。Unit3 Public Attitude Toward Science Stephen Hawking第二页，共四十八页。ContentsuBackground informationuText analysis uExercisesuOral tasks第三页，共四十八页。Background Information 1)Brief introduction to Stephen Hawking Stephen Hawking, was born in Oxford，England .He graduated from Oxford University in 1962 and earned his Ph.degree from Trinity College at the University of Cambridge in 1996. Hawking has an incurable muscular disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).第四页，共四十八页。斯蒂芬斯蒂芬威廉威廉霍金霍金 史蒂芬史蒂芬霍金，英国著名物理学家，霍金，英国著名物理学家，1942年年1月月8日出生于英国牛日出生于英国牛津。毕业于牛津大学（津。毕业于牛津大学（Oxford University），并获剑桥大学宇宙学博），并获剑桥大学宇宙学博士学位。他因为在士学位。他因为在21岁时不幸患上了会使肌肉萎缩岁时不幸患上了会使肌肉萎缩(wi su)的的卢伽雷氏卢伽雷氏症症，所以被禁锢在轮椅上，只有三根手指可以活动。，所以被禁锢在轮椅上，只有三根手指可以活动。1972年，年，黑洞黑洞辐射辐射的发现具有极其基本的意义，它将的发现具有极其基本的意义，它将引力引力、量子力学量子力学和和统计力统计力学学统一在一起。统一在一起。 他的两本著作时间简史和果壳的宇宙他的两本著作时间简史和果壳的宇宙广受欢迎。本文选自他的文集黑洞和宇宙婴儿期。广受欢迎。本文选自他的文集黑洞和宇宙婴儿期。第五页，共四十八页。2)Frankenstein The main character in a novel of terror by Mary W. Shelley. He is a young medical student who creates a monster that destroys him. 第六页，共四十八页。弗兰肯斯坦弗兰肯斯坦 “弗兰肯斯坦弗兰肯斯坦”是小说中是小说中那个疯狂科学家的名字，那个疯狂科学家的名字，他用许多碎尸块拼接成一他用许多碎尸块拼接成一个个“人人”，并用闪电将其，并用闪电将其激活。弗兰肯斯坦已激活。弗兰肯斯坦已经成为科幻史上的经典。经成为科幻史上的经典。 “弗兰肯斯坦弗兰肯斯坦”一词后来一词后来用以指代用以指代“顽固的人顽固的人”或或“人形怪物人形怪物 ”，以及，以及(yj)“脱离控制的创造物脱离控制的创造物”等。等。百年百部(bi b)电影之科学怪人片段.flv - 快捷方式第七页，共四十八页。 political parties whose main concern is to protect the environment3)Green parties第八页，共四十八页。 4)The Sky at Night a popular British television programme on astronomy.back第九页，共四十八页。第十页，共四十八页。I. structure of the textbackParts Paragraphs Main ideaPart oneParagraph （1-3）.Part two Paragraph（4-6）Part threeParagraph（7）To ensure the correct change and make informed decisions, the public needs a basic understanding of scienceWhat can be done is to teach the public about scientific background and its framework.With an informed public, human civilization will survive第十一页，共四十八页。II. Words and phrasesAttitude: manner or way one thinks about, behaves toward or feel toward sb or sth n. 态度；看法态度；看法(kn f)；意见；姿势；意见；姿势 Collocation：attitude to/toward to sb or sth1.His sons attitude to/toward work made him very angry. 他儿子对待工作的态度让他很生气。2.Some youngsters tend to take hostile attitude to their parents and teachers第十二页，共四十八页。More phrases Adopt a violent attitude 采取粗暴的态度 A broadminded attitude 宽宏大量(kun hng d ling)的态度 A carefree attitude 无忧无虑的态度 E .g：He keeps a carefree attitude toward study.第十三页，共四十八页。Likely 1. (as adj) probable可能的可能的 Collocation：be likely to do sth it is likely that 1） It was such an exciting experience that they were not likely to forget it. 2）我的室友可能获得一等奖学金）我的室友可能获得一等奖学金 It is likely that my roommate will win the first-class scholarship. 2.(as adv. following “very” or “most”) probably We will most likely stay home during summer Vacation. 暑假期间暑假期间(qjin)我们很可能呆在家我们很可能呆在家第十四页，共四十八页。Compare: likely, possible, probable Likely:强调从表面迹象看来大有可能或有理由期待发生强调从表面迹象看来大有可能或有理由期待发生某事，常表示预见性某事，常表示预见性 Possible：指根据情况可能存在、发生或可能做的任：指根据情况可能存在、发生或可能做的任何事情，但往往含有实际上希望很小的意味何事情，但往往含有实际上希望很小的意味 Probable：根据情况或逻辑看似乎合理，但既不能：根据情况或逻辑看似乎合理，但既不能肯定肯定(kndng)也不能证实。与也不能证实。与possible相比可能性较相比可能性较大一些。大一些。第十五页，共四十八页。 She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望她是最有希望(xwng)得奖的女孩。得奖的女孩。 It is possible that the headmaster will come to listen to our class. 校长可能会校长可能会来听我们班的课。来听我们班的课。 His success is not impossible but hardly probable. 他的成功并非是不可能他的成功并非是不可能的，但是希望极小。的，但是希望极小。 第十六页，共四十八页。Do without：manage to survive, continue, succeed without sth. 没有没有(mi yu).也行；没有也行；没有(mi yu).而设法对付过而设法对付过去去 1.It is said that the monk can do without food for a month 2.The success is nothing more than doing well whatever you do without a thought of fame . 成功就是好好工作而不计较名利成功就是好好工作而不计较名利 3.we cannot do without democracy, nor can we do without centralism. 不可以没有民主，也不可以没有集中。不可以没有民主，也不可以没有集中。 第十七页，共四十八页。 Highly: 1) adv. to be a high degree非常非常 There are many highly dangerous substances in that laboratory 2)favorably非常赞许地 . Compare：1.Do you see that butterfly flying high above the street?你是否看你是否看 见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞 着？着？ 2.The distinguished guests were highly praised.贵宾们受到贵宾们受到了高度赞扬了高度赞扬 注：注：不带不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作，说明的动作或状况有的副词表示具体的行为和动作，说明的动作或状况有可测可测 量性和可见性；而量性和可见性；而 以以-ly结尾的同源结尾的同源(tn yun)副词所表达的常常副词所表达的常常是抽象性的行为和状况是抽象性的行为和状况 第十八页，共四十八页。Put/turn the clock backreturn to the past or to a previous way of doing things.向向后倒退，开倒车，守旧规后倒退，开倒车，守旧规 E.g. ：Since you can not put the clock back, you may well forget the past and look to the future. E.g.：Forget all about it and look to the future; you cant turn the clock back.忘掉它，向前忘掉它，向前(xin qin)看，不能开倒车。看，不能开倒车。E.g.: One can not put back the clock.历史车轮不可扭转。历史车轮不可扭转。第十九页，共四十八页。Cut off: stop providing sth. Especially power and water. 切断切断1）由于美国的空袭，这座城市水和电的供应已经切断）由于美国的空袭，这座城市水和电的供应已经切断 了。了。 Water and electricity supplies have been cut off because of the American air attacks. 2）因为没有交电话费，他们）因为没有交电话费，他们(t men)的电话被切断了。的电话被切断了。 Their phone has been cut off because they havent paid the bill。第二十页，共四十八页。Collocation：cut away 切掉，砍掉 cut off 切断(qi dun)的去路；使与外隔绝 cut in 插嘴；超车；插入 cut out 切断；删去(shn q)；停止；关掉 1.I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson_ 2.He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was_ from the outside world. Cut inCut off第二十一页，共四十八页。Bring Bring inBring onBring forthBring aboutBring up引起 ，使发生，致使.导致；引起；使发 展 ；帮助快速(kui s) 生长或 开花.产生；发表 ；提出.引进；生产；增加. 提出；教育；养育；呕出；（船等）停下. 第二十二页，共四十八页。Inquire：ask information from sb询问；查究询问；查究 collocation ：inquire of sb询问；打听 inquire about sth询问，查问(chwn)；打听Initiative: 1）the ability to assess or initiative sth independently. 首创精神首创精神 e.g.：The workers are able to solve the problems on their initiative. 2）be the first person to take action in a particular situation.主动主动 e.g.：Hes got no initiative.第二十三页，共四十八页。Ensure: make sure确保确保(qubo)，保证，保证collocation：ensure sth ensure sb sth ensure that-clause This new treaty will ensure peace Hard work combined with luck will ensure you a place in society Come early to ensure that you get a seat.第二十四页，共四十八页。 Inform: give facts or information (tell)通通知；告诉知；告诉(o s)；报告；报告 Collocation: inform sb of /about sth. inform sb that-clause E.g.：Officials say the leaflets are intended to inform North Koreans about the sinking of the South Korean naval vessel .第二十五页，共四十八页。In two minds (about sth): unable to decide whether or not you want sth or want to do sth.犹豫不决(yu y b ju) 对于她是否接受她的礼物，我认为她有些犹豫不决对于她是否接受她的礼物，我认为她有些犹豫不决I think shes in two minds about whether to accept his present or not.Basis: the underlying support or foundation for a idea, argument, process.基础基础 ,基本基本(jbn)原则或原理原则或原理 Trust is only the basis for a good working relationship. Collocation: on the basis of 在在的基础上的基础上On the basis of these statistics decisions are made.第二十六页，共四十八页。Lie in: exist or found in sth存在存在(cnzi)，在于，在于1. His skill lies in his ability to communicate quite complicated ideas2. The plays interest lies in the question it raises about marriage.In term of: as regarded (sth); expressed as (sth)从从.方面或角度来说，按照方面或角度来说，按照(nzho)，根据，根据1. He thinks of everything in terms of money.2. A computer is powerful in terms of capacity and speed.。第二十七页，共四十八页。Put across：cause sth to be understood by sb解释清楚解释清楚(qng chu)，使理解，使理解e.g.：the speaker doesnt know how to put his ideas across to his listeners.Collocation：put sth away将将收起；积蓄，攒钱；收起；积蓄，攒钱； put sth aside积蓄，攒钱积蓄，攒钱 put sb forward推荐；荐举推荐；荐举e.g. ：Can I put your name forward for club secretary.第二十八页，共四十八页。Entertain: 1)give pleasure to给给以娱乐以娱乐 He entertained his friends with stories from his childhood. 2)have as a guest招待招待(zhodi) They often entertained their friends at weekends. 他们常在周末招待朋友。他们常在周末招待朋友。 3）怀着）怀着,抱着抱着;持有持有(信心等信心等)I have never entertained any illusions about him. 我从来没有对他抱过幻想我从来没有对他抱过幻想。 第二十九页，共四十八页。Fit into:适合，符合，配合适合，符合，配合1.她是一个如此好交际的女孩以至于她很容易适应于一个新班级。 She is such a sociable girl that she easily fits into a new class.2.I dont fit into the scenery around here. 我和这里的环境(hunjng)不相称.3.The gear doesnt fit into the machine. 齿轮与机器不备back第三十页，共四十八页。III. Language points一一.As As引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代主句的全部或部分内容。常表说话人关于(guny)说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思。定语从句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等动词的主、被动语态句。 第三十一页，共四十八页。 1 _is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month AIt BAs CThat DWhat 2Mike，as we expected，attended the meeting像我们所期望的那样像我们所期望的那样(nyng)，迈克参加了会，迈克参加了会议。议。 3He wasnt unconscious，as could be judged from his eyes他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。以判断出来。 B第三十二页，共四十八页。which与与as引导引导(yndo)非限制性定语从句的非限制性定语从句的区别区别 1Which只能放在主句后面，而只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句引导的从句位置位置相对较灵相对较灵活，可活，可在前，可在中，也可在后在前，可在中，也可在后。 2.当当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列引导的从句在意义上近乎并列(bngli)关系时，可以用关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，意思是代替，意思是“这件事这件事” He changed his mind, which (and this, and that) made me very angry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。他改变了主意，这使我很生气。3.而而as主要起与上下文连接的作用，表达说话人的看法、观点，并主要起与上下文连接的作用，表达说话人的看法、观点，并指出主句内容的出处或根据等指出主句内容的出处或根据等 Einstein, as we know, is a famous scientist.爱因斯坦，爱因斯坦，众所周知，是位伟大的科学家。众所周知，是位伟大的科学家。第三十三页，共四十八页。4. 带介词的典型的定语从句，必须用带介词的典型的定语从句，必须用which，不能用，不能用as There is a great deal of oxygen around us, without which we could not live.我们我们周围有许多氧气，没有它我们就无法生存。周围有许多氧气，没有它我们就无法生存。5当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述内容当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述内容，不带有，不带有“如如那样那样”的的 意思意思时，时，往往用往往用which,而不用而不用as。例如：例如： They were invited to the state banquet, which (as) was a great honor to them.他他们被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。们被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。6. 当定语从句有当定语从句有“如同如同那样那样”含义时，用含义时，用as比用比用which更常见更常见，而这些从句几乎成为，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法固定说法(shuf)。例如：。例如：A) Things will turn out contrary to ones wishes, as is often the case.事与愿事与愿违，这是常用的事。违，这是常用的事。第三十四页，共四十八页。二.Such与so的用法(yn f)1.两者都可用于两者都可用于“such / so. as”结构，意为结构，意为“正如正如那那样样”。其区别是其区别是such 修饰的中心词是名词，而修饰的中心词是名词，而so修饰的是形容修饰的是形容词或副词词或副词(fc)。如：。如： 1）Such people as youve described are difficult to find. 2）People are not so honest as they once were. 2.两者都可用于两者都可用于“such / so. as to”结构，意为结构，意为“如此如此以以至于至于”。而。而so as to则表示目的，意为则表示目的，意为“为了；目的是为了；目的是”，相当于相当于in order to。如：。如： We left for the station so early as to catch the first train. 第三十五页，共四十八页。3. such后面主要后面主要(zhyo)是修饰名词。即：是修饰名词。即：sucha/anadj.n.或或a/ansuchadj.n.。如果名词是不可数名词或复数名词，则不可以用不定。如果名词是不可数名词或复数名词，则不可以用不定冠词冠词a或或an。He has such a beautiful bike. We all go to see it. Its a such fine day. We al want to go to fly a kite. 4.so后面只能跟形容词或副词。即：和后面只能跟形容词或副词。即：和soadj.或或adv.不过，不过，so后面也后面也可以跟名词，但该名词必须是单数可数名词可以跟名词，但该名词必须是单数可数名词。用法为：。用法为：so+形容词形容词+a或或an+单数可数名词单数可数名词。如：。如： The tiger is so big. And the cat is so small. She is so lovely a girl. 第三十六页，共四十八页。三三.倍数的表达倍数的表达 1. “A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B大（长、高、宽等）多少倍”。如： This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍（是我们教室的五倍）。 2.“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如： Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积(min j)是欧洲的四倍第三十七页，共四十八页。 3. times as many/much+名词+as+被比对象”。 There is four times as much water in this pot as in that one. 这个壶里装的水是那个(n ge)壶里的四倍。根据第一句根据第一句, 完成第二、三句完成第二、三句, 每空填一词每空填一词, 使句意不使句意不变。变。1.This river is three times as wide as that one. This river is _ times the _ of that one. This river is _ _ than that one. widththreetwicewider第三十八页，共四十八页。2. The meeting room is three times bigger than our office. The meeting room is _ times as _ as our office. The meeting room is _ times the _ of our office. 3. The new building is five time as the height of the old one. The new building is _ times as _ as the old one. The new building is _ times _ than the old one. threebigthreesizefivehighfourhigherback第三十九页，共四十八页。Style of the text This article is an exposition, it uses “the third person” to explain the whole passage in order to make the article objective. 说明文一般先陈述一种观点，然后列出支持观点说明文一般先陈述一种观点，然后列出支持观点的细节，以说明为主要表达方式来说明事物、阐的细节，以说明为主要表达方式来说明事物、阐明事理而给人以知识的文章，它通过对实体事物明事理而给人以知识的文章，它通过对实体事物 的解说，或对抽象整理的阐释，使人们对事物的的解说，或对抽象整理的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、形态、构造构造、性质性质、种类种类，成因成因、功能功能，关系或，关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源对事理的概念、特点、来源(liyun)、演变、异同等、演变、异同等有所认识，从而获得有关的知识。有所认识，从而获得有关的知识。 back back back 第四十页，共四十八页。Exercises Further understanding for part one questions 1. why does the author think the past was not that wonderful？ 2. Can a global state that suppresses anything new prevent further development? Why or Why not? If not ,what can it do? 3.What are the two minds？第四十一页，共四十八页。for part two skimming Skim part 2 to find out a mini-exposition Topic sentence： How to educate public in science？ Supporting one: Supporting two: Supporting three: .science education in schoolsreplacing equations with words and diagramsmaking use of popular media第四十二页，共四十八页。for part 3 T or F 1.one couldnt put the clock back to an earlier age.( ) 2.one can prevent further advances in the future.( ) 3.A global state would succeed in prevent further development. ( ) 4.Frankenstein is an evidence of distrust in science. ( ) 5. Television can not reach a truly mass audience. ( )TFFTF第四十三页，共四十八页。Words exercises Privilege Competition 好问的，探索的 减慢 Informed Learn by rote 呈.的形状；以.形式(xngsh) 与.接触特权(tqun)竞争(jngzhng)；竞赛 inquiring slow down有知识的，了解情况的；明智的死记硬背地学in the form ofcontact with/get in touch with第四十四页，共四十八页。Grammar Exercises1.It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. A. that B. which C. as D. it 2.The United States is composed of fifty states， two of _ are separated from the others by land or water. A. them B. that C. which D. those3 _ as Edison was, he knew a lot about science, especially electricity. A. Child B. The child C. A child D. such a child 4.The weather was _ cold that I did not like to leave my room. A. really B. such C. too D. so BCADback第四十五页，共四十八页。Oral English Whats the main idea of the text. What attitude should we keep toward science and technology. What attitude should we keep to study or life.第四十六页，共四十八页。 第四十七页，共四十八页。内容(nirng)总结Brainstorming。Unit3 Public Attitude Toward Science Stephen Hawking。1. (as adj) probable可能(knng)的 Collocation：be likely to do sth it is likely that第四十八页，共四十八页。