2020新译林版高中英语选修一Unit3课文语法填空(含答案).docx

Self-driving cars-destination known?Mr Zhang casually glances at the empty driver's seat and says, "Destination Gran Hotel. Family mode. StH arTth.e car responds immediately, easing smoothly into the busy traffiacnd avoidingobstacleson theroad.Insidethe car,the familyhave chosen their entertainmenftrom a pop-up displaypanel,ready forthejourneyahead.This imagined sceneprovidesa likelyfuturerealitfyorself-drivincgars,alsoknown as 1.(autonomy) vehicles(AVs).However, beforethisevolutionin transporbtecomes a revolutioni,tmust be fully understoodhow self-drivincgars work. Put simply,self-drivincgars must "see" and"behave" 2.(appropriate) to be safe on the road. They do this through various hardwa deep-learning AL Cameras as well as sensors like radar and lidar capture a 3.9variou data from the external environment. Once the data is sent to the AI system, the "bra the car, it 4.(analyse) and put together like a puzzle so that the self-driving car surroundings and determine its position. Meanwhile, the Al system identifies pattern the data and learns from them. An action plan is then created to instruct the car ho "behave" in real time: stay in the lane, move into another one, speed up or slow dow the necessary mechanical controls, such as the accelerator and brakes, are activated AI system, allowing the car to move in line 5.the action plan.This may sound perfectin theory,but in realittyechnologicablarrierisn AVdevelopment exist. The self-driving car's perception system presents one. Road traff the real world is 6 plicated that unfamiliar or unexpected conditions may occur a time. Since it is 7.(reason) for the database to include every possible object in ev condition ahead of time, the system might not recognize everything on the road. In o tragic real-life case,a self-driving car*s perception system failed 8.(identity) a w against the bright, sunlit sky. It assumed that there was no obstacle in its path an activate the brakes, 9.(cause) the death of the driver in the self-driving car. Accidents like this pose th of how self-driving cars can better learn and improve their behaviours on the road t safe journeys.Another aspect that needs careful consideration is the ethical responses 10. s driving cars would make in specific circumstances. The Trolley Problem is often used discuss difficult ethical choices they may face. For example, should those in the car always be protected first even if it means 11. (endanger) the lives of pedestria a self-driving car hit a single pedestrian to avoid crashing into a group of pedestr would it make a different decision if the pedestrian were a child or a senior citize moral dilemma that comes with how to ethically program self-driving cars has yet to resolved.Besides such ethical concerns, the legal situations the AV industry is likelyconfronted 12.have fuelled heated debates. In this 13.(emerge) industry, manufacturi programming standards are not yet uniform. 14., the qualityand safetyof AVtechnologyis still15.(challengeT)his could lead to extraordinary cases like who should be held responsible when self-driving cars are in accidents-shoulidt be the driver,the softwareprogrammer or the manufacturer?Manufacturing and programming standards first have to be agreed upon to make it poss for law courts to decide who is 16. fault when things go wrong. As advances in AV de and technology are in progress, the final agreement on laws and regulations in this remains 17.(see).There can be little doubt that, 18.all the challenges, self-driving cars will fo our future.The questionis,what isnext?Some argue thatself-drivincgarsshouldbeallowed to operate without human control, 19.others are more cautious and believe th human operation, even if 20.(limit), is necessary in successful AV design. Only time revealitstruepath.While the journeyahead is not withoutobstaclest,he eventual destinatioins bound to be anothermilestonefor humankind's amazing visionand 21.(inventive).Keys:l. autonomous 2. appropriately 3. variety 4. is analysed 5. with 6. so 7. unrea8. to identify9. causing10. That/which/()leln.dangering12. with 13. emerging 14. Moreover/Furthermore/Besides/Addition1a5l.lbyeing challenged1.6. at 17. to be seen 18.despite19. while 20. limited21. inventivenessU3Extended ReadingRacing towards the future:a look at China's high speed rail networkIn the distance, a white bullet-nosed train is thundering down the track. It gro by the second until it eventually slows and glides past the lines of waiting passeng eases to a stop, its doors open with a hiss and the passengers board with eager anti Then the doors close and the train departs exactly on time, its progress barely noti quickly and silently gathers speed. 1. comfortably in the well-equipped, spacious ca the passengers know that their journey ahead will be both 2.(effort) and relaxing.Such scenes of contented passengers being swiftly transported to their destinati repeatedmany timesa day allover China,as faras thehigh-speedrail(HSR)networkextends. Since 2008, the HSR network 3.(transport) over 10 billion passengers, setti world record.There arenow more than 3,000 high-speedtrainsrunningdaily,some 4.(reach) speeds of up to 350 kilometres per hour, the fastest in the world of train Already coverin9g2 per cent of cities with populations that exceed halfa million as of the HSR network reaches every corner of the country. With an overall 5.(long) of a 40,000 kilometres in operation, it not only greatly enhances the national railroad's (efficient), but also serves as the engine that keeps the country's 7. (economy) liflowing.However, China's high-speed rail network was not built overnight. The HSR proj began in the 1990s and it has grown enormously since then. A key milestone was the of the HSR network blueprint in 2004, 8.the plan for "four vertical and four horizon corridorswas put 9.Twelve yearslateri,t10. (upgrade)to "eightverticaalnd eight horizontal" corridors. Today, China boasts the world's longest and most 11.(extend) HSR network, and is rightly considered the world leader in HSR construction.This enormous successis 12.(separatef)rom the visionaryleadershipof the Communist Partyof China as well as the greatwisdom of the Chinese people.Withinnovation and perseverance, they have climbed over hurdles and passed one milestone another. The Beijing-Shanghai line, the world's longest line 13. (build) in one stag fastest high-speed trains, reducing the travel time between Beijing and Shanghai fro hours to less than 5 hours. The Harbin-Dalian line, the first high-cold high-speed theworld,can operateat 350 kilometresper hour in temperaturesas low as-40. TheBeijing-Zhangjiakou line, the world's first smart high-speed railway, has set the st for HSR automatic driving. The Fuxing Electric Multiple Unit (EMU), which made its d in 2017, is another remarkable accomplishment that demonstrates technical skill in H designand constructionD.eveloped and manufacturedtotallbyy China,the EMU trainboasts 14.(modern) features, elegant designs and advanced technologies that are superior 15.t previous models. It is built with a longer lifespan and an energy-saving design to r resistance. All these achievements showcase the wholehearted devotion of engineers, tireless effort of railroad workers, and the strong support of all the Chinese peoplIt is no surprise then 16.China's HSR network has grabbed the attention of t whole world. In the spirit of international cooperation, China has 17.(generosity) its technology and skills to many countries, and helped them construct high-speed ra lines. This is in line with the Belt and Road Initiative, which aims to revive the Road and connect the countries along the route. The World Bank has praised China*s H successand itspositiveimpactswhich go well 18.therailwaysectorto includeurban development, regional economic growth and 19.(reduce) in greenhouse gas emissions. T HSR network has become a new symbol of China, and ”China S11tahnadsarbdecome the“World Standa1r1.dIn the past/Looking back, the HSR's path was filled with obstacles and achieveme Racing towards the future, China*s HSR network will continue to grow, improving the of its people and strengthening unity among them. Now, it is shining a bright light track ahead to even 20.(great) success. So, sit back and enjoy the ride!Keys: 1. Seated 2. effortles3s. has transporte4d. reaching5. length6. efficienc7y.economic 8. when 9. forward 10. was upgraded 11. extensively 12. inseparable 13. buimodernized 15. to 16. that 17. generously 18. beyond 19. reductions 20. greater