阅读理解长难句翻译周周练--高考英语复习.docx

长难句 句子翻译（英翻汉）Week 1When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesnt sit quietly.（1）Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.（2）These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.（3） Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.（4）Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.（5）Once they arrive, the tables are turned（形势被扭转了）. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.（6）In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.（7）Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself.（8）Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry.（9）So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.（10）Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on.翻译加粗部分句子（每个句子后标有序号）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. （答案）句子翻译（英翻汉）Week 1When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesnt sit quietly.（1）Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.（2）These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.（3） Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.（4）Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.（5）Once they arrive, the tables are turned（形势被扭转了）. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.（6）In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.（7）Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. （8）Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry.（9）So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.（10）Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on.翻译加粗部分句子（每个句子后标有序号）1. 当一棵多叶植物被攻击时，它不会坐以待毙。2. 早在1983年，两位科学家 Jack Schultz 和 Ian Baldwin就报道说被虫子咬的小枫树会发出一种周围植物都能接收到的特殊的气味。3. 这些植物通过空气散发的是一种叫挥发性有机化合物的化学混合物，简称VOCs。4. 科学家们已经发现当被攻击时所有种类的植物都会释放出VOCs。5. 它们释放出香味来吸引不同种类的昆虫，这些昆虫是袭击者的天敌。6. 正享用午餐的袭击者变成了(它们天敌的)午餐。7. 第一棵植物受到的伤害通常更严重，但相对来说，它的邻居们（周边的植物）会比较安全，因为它们听到了警报后知道该做什么(来保护自己)。8. 也许第一棵植物只是发出疼痛的叫声或者给它自己的分枝发出信息，所以实际上，它是在自言自语。9. 也许邻居们（周边的植物）只是碰巧“无意中听到了”这个叫声。在150多年前，Charles Darwin（查尔斯·达尔文）想象到的世界比我们现在能够看到和听到的世界更加忙碌、更加嘈杂、更加亲密。长难句 句子翻译（英翻汉）Week 2翻译What is the purpose of lightning?(1) That might sound like a deeply philosophical question, but scientists may have shed some more light on the answer with the results of a recently released study.(2)The new study published at the end of April in Science found that lightning may play a bigger role in global climate change than was previously known by the scientific community. (3)"Lightning increases the atmosphere's ability to cleanse itself," the researchers wrote in the study.(4)Many are familiar with the potentially deadly hazards posed by lightning, which is blamed for an average of 43 fatalities in the United States each year, based on data from 1989 to 2018. (5)However, the researchers recently uncovered a surprising and beneficial impact of lightning.(6)The Earth is struck by lightning nearly 20 million times each year, and bolts of lightning can travel as much as 10 to 12 miles from a thunderstorm, instantly heating the air to 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit, according to the National Weather Service. Hydroxyl radicals(羟基自由基), described as a "chemical scavenger"(化学清洗剂)by Science Direct, are important chemical compounds found in the atmosphere due to the reactive nature with other organic molecules（有机分子）.(7)Researchers previously understood that lightning could help to clean the atmosphere, but there was no evidence that it could generate compounds like these radicals."No one has seen that much in the atmosphere from natural processes, ever," Brune said. (8)As a result, the study estimates(估计) that somewhere between 2% and 16% of the oxidizing(氧化), or cleaning that happens naturally in the Earth's atmosphere, is done by lightning.Why is this significant? The oxidation process (氧化过程 )helps to reduce chemicals like carbon monoxide (一氧化碳)and methane (甲烷)in the atmosphere. (9)These chemicals, known for being greenhouse gases, have been proven to contribute to rising temperatures associated with climate change. (10)Researchers say that more studies will need to be conducted to verify the degree to which lightning contributes to the fight against global climate change.1. _2. _ 3. _ 4. _5. _ _ _ 6. _7. _ 8. _ 9. _10. _ _ _ Week 2翻译答案What is the purpose of lightning?(1) That might sound like a deeply philosophical question, but scientists may have shed some more light on the answer with the results of a recently released study.(2)The new study published at the end of April in Science found that lightning may play a bigger role in global climate change than was previously known by the scientific community. (3)"Lightning increases the atmosphere's ability to cleanse itself," the researchers wrote in the study.(4)Many are familiar with the potentially deadly hazards posed by lightning, which is blamed for an average of 43 fatalities in the United States each year, based on data from 1989 to 2018. (5)However, the researchers recently uncovered a surprising and beneficial impact of lightning. (6)The Earth is struck by lightning nearly 20 million times each year, and bolts of lightning can travel as much as 10 to 12 miles from a thunderstorm, instantly heating the air to 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit, according to the National Weather Service. Hydroxyl radicals(羟基自由基), described as a "chemical scavenger"(化学清洗剂)by Science Direct, are important chemical compounds found in the atmosphere due to the reactive nature with other organic molecules（有机分子）. (7)Researchers previously understood that lightning could help to clean the atmosphere, but there was no evidence that it could generate compounds like these radicals."No one has seen that much in the atmosphere from natural processes, ever," Brune said. (8)As a result, the study estimates that somewhere between 2% and 16% of the oxidizing(氧化), or cleaning that happens naturally in the Earth's atmosphere, is done by lightning.Why is this significant? The oxidation process (氧化过程 )helps to reduce chemicals like carbon monoxide (一氧化碳)and methane (甲烷)in the atmosphere. (9)These chemicals, known for being greenhouse gases, have been proven to contribute to rising temperatures associated with climate change. (10)Researchers say that more studies will need to be conducted to verify the degree to which lightning contributes to the fight against global climate change.1. 听上去可能像是一个深刻的哲学问题，但是科学家最近发布的一项研究结果也许能对这一问题的答案带来一些启示。2. 这项四月末发表在科学杂志上的新研究发现，闪电对全球气候变化的影响力可能比科学界先前所了解的更大。3. 研究人员在报告中写道：“闪电会提高大气自我净化的能力。”4. 许多人对闪电潜在的致命危害很熟悉，基于1989年到2018年的数据，美国每年平均有43人因闪电而丧生。5. 然而，研究人员最近发现了闪电的一个惊人的有益影响。6. 根据美国国家气象局的数据，地球上每年发生的闪电次数可达近2000万次，雷雨过程中闪电可行进10到12英里（16到19公里），瞬间让空气升温华氏5万度。7. 研究人员先前了解到，闪电可以有助于清洁大气，但是没有证据表明闪电可以产生羟基自由基这样的化合物。8. 因此，研究估计，地球大气中自然发生的氧化或清洁有2%到16%是由闪电完成的。9. 经证实，这些被称为温室气体的化学物质导致气温升高，而气温升高和气候变化有关。10. 研究人员表示，还需要开展更多研究，才能确定闪电对于抗击全球气候变化的贡献程度。长难句 句子翻译（英翻汉） Week 31. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc around the world, posing a major threat to human security. The virus respects no borders, nor does the pandemic distinguish between races. 2. To defeat the epidemic requires mutual help, solidarity and cooperation among all countries. 3. However, the United States, which has always considered itself an exception and superior, saw its own epidemic situation go out of control, accompanied by political disorder, inter-ethnic conflicts, and social division. It further added to the human rights violations in the country, the so-called “city upon a hill” and “beacon of democracy.” 4. The epidemic went out of control and turned into a human tragedy due to the governments reckless response. 5. By the end of February 2021, the United States, home to less than 5 percent of the worlds population, accounted for more than a quarter of the worlds confirmed COVID-19 cases and nearly on-fifth of the global deaths from the disease. More than 500,000 Americans lost their lives due to the virus. Ethnic minority groups suffered systematic racial discrimination and were in a difficult situation. 6. People of color made up about one-third of all minors under the age of 18 in the United States but two-thirds of all of the countrys imprisoned minors. 7. African Americans are three times as likely as whites to be infected with the coronavirus, twice as likely to die from COVID-19, and three times as likely to be killed by the police. One in four young Asian Americans has been the target of racial bullying. Gun trade and shooting incidents hit a record high, and peoples confidence in social order waned. 8. Americans bought 23 million guns in 2020 against the background of an out-of-control epidemic, accompanied by racial justice protests and election-related conflicts, a surge of 64 percent compared with 2019. First-time gun buyers exceeded 8 million. 9. More than 41,500 people were killed in shooting incidents across the United States in the year, an average of more than 110 a day, and there were 592 mass shootings nationwide, an average of more than 1.6 a day. 10. George Floyd, an African American, died after being brutally kneeled on his neck by a white police officer, sparking a national outcry. Widespread protests for racial justice erupted in 50 states. The U.S. government suppressed demonstrators by force, and more than 10,000 people were arrested. A large number of journalists were attacked and arrested for no reason. 翻译句子（每个句子下面已划线并且句前标有序号）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.