高三英语二轮语法专题学案 ：状语从句.docx

专题9：状语从句时间状语从句:when,whenever,since,after,as,while,before,as soon as,till, until,onceno sooner . than, hardly / scarcely . when, the moment, the instant, the minute,the first time,each time, every time, immediately, instantly地点状语从句:where,wherever原因状语从句:because,since,as,now that结果状语从句:so that,so.that,such . that 条件状语从句:if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that, in case, suppose/supposing that, provided/providing that 方式状语从句:as, (just)as .so,as if,as though让步状语从句:though, although,as, whether, even if. even though,while, however/whatever!whoever=no matter how/what/who比较状语从句:as.as,than,not as/so. as目的状语从句:so that,in order that,for fear that, in case一、分类详解种 类从属连词例 句说 明时间状从WhenwheneverWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.We shall go there whenever we are free.when指的是“某一具体的时间”whenever指的是“在任何时间”whenI was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. whileWhile it was raining, they went out. I stayed while he was away.asHe hurried home, looking behind as he went.as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生beforeBe a pupil before you become a teacher.afterHe arrived after the game started.tillWe waited till (until)he came back .我们一直等到他回来。如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到为止”untilShe didnt stop working until eleven oclock .Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直才”“在以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用untilsinceGreat changes have taken place in China since 1978.as soon asthe momentthe instantthe minuteimmediatelyinstantly一.就Hardly.whenno soonerthanI had hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.:Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.every time, each time, the first time等Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.Next time you come ,youll see him.在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用现在时或过去时代替将来时地点状从wherewhereverWhere there is a will, there is a way. Where there is water there is life.You are free to go wherever you like.Wherever you go, you must obey the law.where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语原因状从becauseI came back late yesterday because I was on duty.because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强sinceSince everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首asAs he didnt know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。now that, seeing thatNow (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.seeing (that), now that 和since, as 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去目的状从so thatin order thatlest = for fear thatWell tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.目的状语从句中常用情态动词may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号结果状从so thatsothatWe turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.so that前有逗号为结果状语从句sothat的so后面跟形容词或副词suchthatHe gave such important reasons that he was excused.It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.suchthat的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a /anthat还可以转换用sothat，语气较强条件状从ifunlessas/so long asin caseWe shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. = We shall go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.In case I forget, please remind me about it .unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和ifnot同义，unless是书面语，ifnot是口语，通常二者可以换用条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时方式状从asas ifas thoughDo as you are told.He acted as if (though) nothing had happened. They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.此处as译为：按照或正如as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气让步状从althoughthoughAlthough (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面even if,even thoughIll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中asChild as he is , he knows a lot .Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。no matter (who, what when, where which, how)Do it no matter what others say.No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.no matter与 who-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一 样，no matter引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后wh+ever (whatever whoever ,whenever whichever ,however)Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.Whoever comes, he will be welcome.比较状从asas ,not so/asasthe sameassuchasMary is as old as my sister.He doesnt run so (as) fast as Jack (does).His book is the same as mine.Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用asas否定句可用not asas 或not soasthanShe has made greater progress this year than she did last year.the morethe moreThe more you read, the better you understand.The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.The sooner, the better. The warmer, the better. the morethe more 意思为越越，通常的语序为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词或副词前面二、句子填空1._we don't stop climate change,many animals and plants in the world will be gone.2.Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend so_they get sweet enough to be eaten.3._birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.4.lf you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people_ you figure it out.5._online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.6.I really enjoy listening to music_it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.7._ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.8Just_a single word can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.9._ the damage is done,it will take many years for the farmland to recover.10.It is so cold that you can't go outside_fully covered in thick clothes.11.We need to get to the root of the problem_we can solve it.12._scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still don't know.13._ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.14._ the iob takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.15.l believe you will have a wonderful time here_you get to know everyone else.16.There is only one more day to go_ your favorite music group play live.17.lf you miss this chance,it may be years_ you get another one.18.The meaning of the word "nice" changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense"pleasant".19.You will never gain success _ you are fully devoted to your work.20.The young couple,who returned my lost wallet, left_I could ask for their names.21.lt was the middle of the night_my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.22.lt's much easier to make friendsyou have similar interests.23.He smiled politely_Maryapologized for her drunken friends.24.Mark needs to learn Chinese_his company is opening a branch in Beijing.25.You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason_you reach any decision.26.She says that she'll have to close the shop_business improves.27.I have heard a lot of good things about you_ I came back from abroad28.I had hardly got to the office_ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.29.Everything was placed exactly_ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.30._ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.31.A number of high buildings have arisen _there was nothing a year ago but ruins.32.Hot_the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.33.lf you happen to get lost in the wild, you'd better stay_you are and wait for help.34.Mankind must first of all eat,drink,have shelter and clothing _ it can pursue politics, science art and religion.35.He hasn't got any hobbies- _ you call watching TV a hobby.36.Mother often reminds me that the best thing one can do_ it is raining is to let it rain.37.lt took what seemed to be years _the actress finally turned up, which made the journalists as well as audiences disappointed and angry.三、语篇填空My classmate Michael studied very hard_1_ he went to senior school. Every day he studied _2_everyone else in my class left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying_3_he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard _4_he tried, he made little progress, but he didn't lose heart at all_5_he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. _6_ time went by, he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing at last. We had a get-together party _7_ we started our new life at university. Everyone had got offers from universities,_8_we had a very good time. When we stooo9we used to play and study, we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never foraet each other,_10_ we would go or whatever we would do.四、将下列句子按要求翻译成英语。1他匆匆忙忙回家去，一边走一边回头看。2.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。3-听到那个声音，我就知道我父亲来了。4.那男孩一见到他妈妈便突然哭起来了。5我没来及说什么，他已经迈着轻盈的步伐冲出去和Jane一起玩了。6.我知道此刻我应该放下手头的工作立刻去，当bib bibs还能让她感到好奇，当我的女孩还会认为与爸爸散步是一件无与伦比的礼物的时候。7.过了好像好几个世纪，直升飞机最终在他们头顶停了下来，降下来一架梯子。8.这是个累人的工作，但是我很期待我的工资，虽然我不确定这工资总共加起来会有多少。9.她茫然不知所措，不禁在心里责备那个新驾驶员把她一个人留在那条公交线的最后一站，就在那时一辆汽车呼啸而来直到在她身后停了下来。10.当我跌跌撞撞地哭着冲过厨房间的门，妈妈连忙赶了过来。五、长难句分析Group A1. Having been loaded up with meals by its human colleagues, the cat-themed robotic waiter miaows when it delivers food to dinners to encourage them to take their plates.2. Knowing that he must walk three miles to mail there, and knowing how little money he had made the gifts more precious.3. I know our family always will be grateful to have known him; from him we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.4. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics. 5. They believe that this approach could result in greater lending to borrowers who would potentially be denied by traditional financial institutions.Group B1. .HEYTEAs naigai cha perfectly caters to the changing taste of Chinas young people, offering a “cooler” and fresher alternative to traditional tea, which is often associated with complicated drinking rituals that people are losing interest in.2. The opinion that breakfast is the most basic meal of the day is so widespread that an increasing number of people are surprised to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing how breakfast may directly cause changes in our health.3. Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness ol night and completely changes the light levels-and light rhythms-to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted.4. We've grown so used to this orange haze that tne original glory of an unlit night-dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth-is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.5. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way- the edge of our galaxy-arching overhead.状语从句复习练习题答案一.填空练习:1句子填空1lf2that 3AlthoughWhile/Though 4until/till 5While/Although/Though 6because/as 7As 8as 9Once/lf10unless11before12Although/While/Though13Where14Although/While/Though 15onc/if 16before 17before 18before 19unless 20before 21when 22when23as/when24since/as/because25before 26unless 27since 28when 29where 30However 31where32as/though33where34before35unless36when/while37before11.语篇填空1after 2until/till 3unless4as/though5because/as6As 7before 8so 9where 10wherever二写作运用将下列句子按要求翻译成汉语。1.He hurried home looking behind as he went.2.As timegoes on,its getting wamer and warmer.3.The moment I heard the voice I knew my father was coming.4.The boy burst into tears/burst out crying immediately he saw his mother.5.Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step.6. I knew I should put aside my work and go right at the moment while bib bibs still sparked wonder and while my girl thought that a walk with her father was a gift beyond measure.7.After what seemed like centuries,the helicopter finally came to a halt over them and lowered a ladder.8.It was tiring work. but l looked forward to the pay, even though l wasn't sure how much it wouldamount to.9.At her wit's end, she couldn't help blaming the new driver for leaving her alone in the last stop of the line when a car came roaring until it came to a halt behind her.10.The moment I crashed through the kitchen door sobbing, mum rushed over.学科网（北京）股份有限公司