第四讲 主谓一致-初高中英语衔接课学案.doc
第四讲 主谓一致考纲要求：l 了解主谓一致的定义l 学会正确使用动词的单复数，掌握主谓一致的原则知识点梳理 Part oneWhat is Subject-Verb Concord?定义：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系，即主语后边的动词要和做主语的词或词组在人称和单复数上一致。 Part twoAccording to the sentences below, sum up how to use Subject-Verb Concord?1. 就近一致：谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。 You or he is rightEither you or he is right.Not only he but also I am right.Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.Not you but he is wrong.2. 在there be句型中，谓语动词与最近的名词或代词保持一致。There is a book and some pens on the desk. There are some pens and a book on the desk. 3. 就前原则：当并列主语由with, along with, together with, as well as, including , but, besides, in addition to 等短语连接时, 谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致I, along with my sister am going to Shanghai next month. He, as well as I is absent from the meeting. 4. 当集体名词作主语时，指代“各个成员”时，谓语动词用复数；指代“集体概念”时，谓语动词则用单数。 Her family is small, but the family are advanced workers. Class is over and the class are all out for play.类似的集体名词有crowd, team, group 等。5. 当 “分数、 百分数、a lot/most/ plenty等意思为“许多”等词+of ”结构作主语时, 谓语动词形式根据of后面的名词而定。80% of the water here is clean.Two thirds of the apples are fit to eat. A lot of students have gone to college.注意! amount 和 quantity 修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于这个词本身。Large quantities of waterare needed here.A large quantity of water is needed here.6. 当“the +形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The rich are not always selfish.The wonded (wound) are being treated well.（key: the wounded）7. the +n+ and +n +动词 指代同一概念，谓语动词要用单数形式 the +n+ and +the +n 动词 要用复数The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year. （几个人去欧洲呢？）The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year. （几个人去欧洲呢？）8. 当时间、距离、金钱等名词复数作为整体看待时，谓语动词常用单数。Twenty years is only a short time in human history.Thirty dollars is too high a price for the book. Fifteen miles seems like a long way to me. 9. 由不定式、现在分词等充当主语时，谓语动词常用单数。To die for the people is a worthy death. Looking after the children is her full-time job. 10. 当不定代词（something, somebody, anything, no, every等）作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 天下无难事，只怕有心人。Somebody is looking for you. Anyone is forbidden to smoke here. 11. 当名词前有each、many a 、every、more than one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Each man and each woman is invited to the party. Many a student and teacher is watching the football match.Every hour and every minute is important. 12. 当成双成对出现的复数名词shoes, trousers, glasses 等作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但如果前面有a/the pair of；a/the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要用单数 A pair of scissors is useful tool for a dressmaker. The scissors arent sharp. 课后巩固练习 Practice 1. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _(be) saved for other purposes.2. Mary as well as those who _(be) fond of travelling _(be) going to Dalian next Saturday.II. Correct the following mistakes1. Not only my classmate but also I are attracted by the idea of seeing the comedy Lost in Thailand.2. Three fourth of the surface of the earth are covered with water.答案与解析：I. 1. are 解析： the rest of 修饰名词作主语，谓语动词与of 后面的名词保持一致，which指代的是materials，为复数形式，因此用are. 2. are 解析：as well as 就前原则，主语为Mary单数，因此谓语动词为is ,who 引导了一个定语从句修饰those，因此从句中谓语为复数are。 3. is II. 1. are-am 解析：根据not onlybut alos 就前原则，谓语为复数 2. are-is 学科网（北京）股份有限公司
