新概念英语第一册课文详解及英语语法(全).doc

YOUR LOGO原 创 文 档 请 勿 盗 版*新概念第一册- 课文详解及英语语法课文详注Further notes on the text课文详注Further notes on the text1 Excuse me对不起。1. My coat and my umbrella please.请把我地大衣与伞拿给我。这为常用于表示道歉地客套话，相当于汉语中地“劳驾”、这为一个省略形式地祈使句，完整地句子应为： “对不起 ”。当我们要引起别人地注意、要打搅别人或打断别Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.人地话时，通常都可使用这一表达方式。在课文中，男士为口语中，在语境明确地情况下通常可省略动词与间接宾了吸引女士地注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场语，如：合：向陌生人问路，借用他人地电话，从别人身边挤过，在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。(Show me your) Ticket, please.请出示你地票。(Show me your)Passport, please.请出示您地护照。2 Yes ？什么事？ Here's your umbrella and your coat.这为您地伞与大精课文中地Yes？应用升调朗读，意为： “什么事？ ”Yes？品衣。学习以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，也含有请对方说下去地资Here's 为Here is 地缩略形式。全句原为：Here is your料，意思。名umbrellaand yourcoat 缩略形式与非缩略形式在英语地书师纳归 Pardon ？对不起，请再说一遍。总面用语与口语中均有，但非缩略形式常用于比较正式地场结合。 Here's ?为一种习惯用法，句中采用了倒装句式，即系当我们没听清或没理解对方地话并希望对方能重复一遍时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式地说法为：动词提到了主语之前。又如Here is my ticket这句话用正常地语序时为My ticket is here。 I beg your pardon.I beg your pardon?Pardon me.它们在汉语中地意思相当于“对不起，请再说一遍”或者 Sorry = I'm sorry。“对不起，请再说一遍好吗？”这为口语中地缩略形式，通常在社交场合中用于表示对4 Thank you very much非常感谢！他人地歉意或某种程度地遗憾。这为一句表示感谢地用语，意为“非常感谢（你）”。请Sorry与Excuse me虽在汉语中都可作“对不起 ”讲，但看下列类似地表达式，并注意其语气上地差异：Thank you.谢谢（你）。Thanks!谢谢！sorry常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉，而Excuse me则多为表示轻微歉意地客套语。5 数字 0 地英文写法4 Sir ，先生。 onetwo three4 four5 five6 six7seven8eight9nine0 ten语法Grammar in use这为英语中对不相识地男子、年长者或上级地尊称。例如：在服务行业中，服务员对男顾客地称呼通常为sir ：What can I do for you, sir?先生，您要买什么？一般疑问句Thank you, sir.谢谢您，先生。一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒装可sir通常用于正式信函开头地称呼中： 将带有be 地陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将be 地适当形式移到主语之前，如：Dear sir亲爱地先生Dear sirs亲爱地先生们诸位先生们陈述句：This is your watch.这为你地手表。Sir 可用于有爵士称号者地名字或姓名之前（但不用于疑问句：Is this your watch?这为你地手表吗？姓氏之前）：（可参见Lessons 5 6 语法部分有关be 地一般现在Sir Winston Churchill温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士时形式地说明。）词汇学习Word studySir William Brown威廉 ·布朗爵士5数字 5 地英文写法*第 页，共 5 页* coatn.上衣，外套：Is this your coat?这为你地eleven twelve thirteen4 fourt外套吗？een5 fifteencoat and skirt< 英 >（上衣、裙子匹配地）西式女套装语法Grammar in use dressn.（ ）连衣裙；套裙：Is this your dress?这为你地连衣否定句否定陈述句与肯定陈述句相反，它表示 “否定 ”，并且含裙吗？有一个如not之类地否定词。一个内含be 地否定形式地陈述句，应在其后加not ，以构成否定句：（ ）服装；衣服：casual dress便服；evening dress晚礼服新概念第一册-4 课文详解及英语语法肯定句：This is my umbrella.这为我地伞。否定句：精品学习资料， 名师归纳总结*第 页，共 5 页*This is not my umbrella.这不为我地伞。人们在正式地场合初次见面时常用：How do you do？相应地回答也为：Howdoyou do ？这为一句问候语，并非问请再看课文中地这两句话：针对一般疑问句地否定地简略答语为No ， it'snot it话。isn't 。此处省略与非省略形式地关系为：is not =isn't； it is =5国籍与国家名称有别it's 。全句应为：请不要将国家名称与与其对应地国籍搞混。课文地No, it is not my umbrella.不，它不为我地伞。French ， German ， Japanese ， Korean以及Chinese 都为表示词汇学习Word study国籍地词。句中表示中国国籍地词应为Chinese而不为1. suitn.（一套）衣服：China 。Is this your suit?这为你地衣服吗？语法Grammar in usea man's suit一套男装；a woman's suit一套女装特殊疑问句2. please ： interjection以疑问词who ，what ，when ，which ，why ，where ，whose ，（表示有礼貌地请求对方）请；烦劳：how等引导地问句都叫特殊疑问句，也叫疑问词疑问句，精有时还被称为wh- 问句（ wh-question ）。结构一般为：疑问品学My coat and my umbrella please.请把我地大衣与伞拿习资给我。词 +助动词+主语+ 主动词等。作为疑问词地what可以用来料，Please come in.请进。名询问名字、国籍、 工作、颜色、型号等。例如以下几个问句：师纳归What make is this car?这辆小汽车为什么牌子地？结总新概念第一册5-6 课文详解及练习答案新概念第一册5-6 课文详解及练习答案课文详注Further notes on the textWhat nationality are you?你为哪国人？What is your job?你地工作为干什么？What colour is it?它为什么颜色地？1 Good morning 早上好。What size is this skirt?这条裙子为多大号地？ 英语中常见地问候用句。对此问候地回应一般也为Good a 与anmorning 。 根 据 一 天 中 见 面 时 间 地 不 同 还 可 以 说GoodSophie is a new student.索菲娅为一名新学生。afternoon（下午好）与Good evening （晚上好）。有时英This is an umbrella.这为一把雨伞。美人见面时只简单地说一声Hello 。2 This is Miss Sophie Dupont这位为索菲娅·杜邦小姐。This is+ 姓名为将某人介绍给他人时常用地句式。课文中这两个句子中出现地a an 在英语中被称为不定冠词。a与 an 在意义上没有区别。用a an 时，我们必须记住两条基本原则：地例子还有：（ ） a an 有不确定地意义（即所说地人、动物或东西Sophie, this is Hans.索菲娅，这位为汉斯。对听者或读者来说可能为不知道地）。And this is Naoko.这位为直子。（ ） a an 只能用于单数可数名词之前。3 Mr Blake Miss Sophie Dupont，布莱克先生索此外还需注意a 与an 地发音：a（在平时讲话中发+菲娅 ·杜邦小姐。音）用于辅音（不为辅音字母）之前；an （ +( ）用于元音（不仅仅为以元音字母a，e， i， o， u 开头地词）之前。英语国家中人地姓名通常由 部分组成，即：名+ 中间名 +姓。当我们把a 或 an 用来说明字母表中地字母时，便会一目了然：在一般情况下，不用中间名。在熟悉地人中间，以名相称，而在正式地场合中常用Mr （先生） ，Mrs （太太） ，Thisis a B C D G J K P Q R T U V Miss （小姐）或Ms （女士）这些称呼再加上姓。W Y Z Mr 用于男士地姓之前，不能单独使用，如课文中地这为一个B C D G J K P Q R T U V W Y Z 字母。Mr Blake ；而sir一般单独使用，为对长者、上司或男顾客地尊称，如：This is an A E F H I L M N O S X *第 页，共 5 页*Sorry, sir.对不起，先生。这为一个A E F H I L M N O S X 字母。词汇学习Word studyMiss一般用于指未婚女子，不过有时在不知道对方为否已婚时也可使用。 maken.（产品地）牌子；类型，型号；式样：4 Nice to meet you很高兴见到你。What make is your watch?你地手表为什么牌子地？ 用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方地回应一般应Her dress is of Italian make.她地连衣裙为意大利式地。为 Nice to meet you， too （我也很高兴见到你）。 Englishadj.英国（人）地；英格兰（人）地；英国化地：精品学习资料， 名师归纳总结*第 4 页，共 5 页*Is it an American car or an English car?它为美国车还为Is Roberta keyboardoperator, too?罗伯特也为电脑录英国车？入员吗？John is very English.约翰生活行事非常英国化。 What nationality are you？你为哪国人？练习答案 Key to written exercises此问句用来询问对方地国籍。也可以问Where are you Lesson 6from ？或Where do you come from？A4 What's your job？你为做什么工作地？Alice is a student. She isn't German. She is French.What's =What is。询问对方从事何种职业时还可以说：This is her car. It is a French car.What do you do ？Hans is a student. He isn't French.5 I'm an engineer 我为工程师。He is German. This is his car. It is a German car.I'm aim =Iam 。口语中经常使用这种缩略形 式。英语不定冠词有两个：a，an 。在发音以元音音素开头地词前B面用an，在发音以辅音音素开头地词前面用a。 engineer Is she a Germanstudent ora Japanesestudent?She ?enDNi'ni+地发音为以元音音素开头地，所以前面要用isn't a German student. She's a Japanese student.精Is thisa Germancar ora Frenchcar?Itisn'taan。（可参见Lessons 5 6 中地有关说明。）学品German car. It's a French car.6数字6 0 地英文写法习资Is hean Italianstudent ora Germanstudent?He6 sixteen7 seventeen8 eighteen9料，isn't an Italian student. He's a German student.nineteen0twenty名师4Is she an Italian student or a Chinese student?She语法Grammar in use归纳isn't an Italian student. She is a Chinese student.以疑问词what 所引导地特殊疑问句总结5Is this an American car or an English car?It isn't an（可参见Lessons 5 6 中地有关说明。）What ?？这American car. It's an English car.一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等 等：6 Is he a Japanese student or a Korean student? He isn't aWhat nationality are you?你为哪国人？Japanese student. He's a Korean student.What's your job?你为干什么地？7 Is thisan Englishcar oran Italiancar?It isn't an对于以上两个问句可如下回答：English car. It's an Italian car.I'm Swedish.我为瑞典人。8 Is he an English student or a Chinese student?HeI'm an air hostess.我为一名空中小姐。isn't an English student. He's a Chinese student.现在不妨改用第 人称单数来进行类似地问答：Itisn'taItisn'ta9 Isthis a Frenchcar or a Germancar?词汇学习Word studyFrench car. It's a German car. jobn.10 Is thisa Chinesecar ora Japanese car?（ ）职业：What's your job?你为做什么工作地？Chinese car. It's a Japanese car.（ ）（一件）工作，活计：The whole job takes about11 Is this an English car or an American car?It isn't an40 minutes.整个工作大约需要四十分钟。English car. It's an American car.（ ）职责：It's your job to be on time.准时为你应该12 Is thisa Japanese carora Koreancar?Itisn'ta做到地事。Japanese car. It's a Korean car. nurse（ ） n护士；照料者：新概念第一册7-8 课文详解及练习答案课文详注Further notes on the textIs she anurseora housewife?她为护士还为家庭主妇？1. My name's = My name is。（ ） v照料；照看：这为自我介绍时通常使用地句型：My name is? （后面All her time goes into nursing her child.她把全部时间加上自己地姓名）。有时也可用I'm ?这一句型。都花于照看自己地孩子上了。2. Are you French， too ？你也为法国人吗？（ ） v 养护；培养： 在英语中，too 与either 两个词都表示“也 ”地意思，然nurse a young tree养护树苗而too仅用于肯定句中，either则限于用在否定句中。too*nurse an author of promise培养有前途地作家第 5 页，共 5 页*与 either 一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗号隔开。例如：练习答案 Key to written exercisesIs Sophie Italian, too?索菲娅也为意大利人吗？Lesson 8 精品学习资料， 名师归纳总结*第 6 页，共 5 页*（ ）形容词修饰名词所指地人、物等。我们用形容词 A1 My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.说明人、物等为什么样或看上去为什么样地。例如， 形容词2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温度、外形、颜色、产地。3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.（ ）许多形容词可用以回答What ?like ？这样地问题，B并可根据上下文给出笼统地或确切地信 息。1 What's his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.（ ）英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前，如：2 What's her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is.a young nurse一位年轻地护士;an old mechanic一位3 What's his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.老机械师4 What's her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is.a lazyhousewife一个懒惰地家庭主妇;a thinwoman5 What's his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is.一个瘦瘦地女人精6What's her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.词汇学习Word study品习学7What's his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is. look v.资（ ）看，瞧，观，望：8What's his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is.料名，9What's her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is.Look at that man. Is he thin?瞧那个男人。他瘦吗？师归0What's his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is.Look carefully before you cross the street.过马路前要仔总纳新概念第一册9-0 课文详解及练习答案结细看清来往车辆。课文详注Further notes on the text（ ）面向，朝向：1 How are you today？你今天好吗？The room looks on the sea.房间面向大海。这为朋友或相识地人之间见面时问对方身体情况地寒暄Two windows look to the south.两扇窗子朝南。话，一般回答语为：Fine, thank you.很好，谢谢。I'm fine, thank you.很好，谢谢。I'm very well, thank you.很好，谢谢。 fine adj.（ ）健康地；舒适地：How is Steven today?史蒂文今天怎么样？（ ）极好地， 优秀地：a fine view美好地景色a fine如问及对方地先生或太太地情况，可以说Howisteacher一位优秀教师Tony ？或How's Emma ？等。（ ）优雅地， 雅致地：He is a man with fine manners.他相应地回答可为He's fine ， thanks或She's very well，为一个举止优雅地男人。练习答案Key to written exercisesthankyou等。2 And you ？你好吗？Lesson 0为 And how are you？地简略说法。在回答对方问候健康A地话之后反问时用。 Mr. Blake isn't a student. He's a teacher.3 数字 与 地英文写法 This isn't my umbrella. It's your umbrella. twenty-one twenty-two Sophie isn't a teacher. She's a keyboard operator.语法Grammar in use4 Steven isn't cold. He's hot. How ?？地一些社交上地用法5 Naoko isn't Chinese. She's Japanese. how为一个表示“如何 ”地疑问词， 可以用来引导一些6 This isn't a German car. It's a Swedish car.用于社交场合地套话：（ ）用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况：B Look at that man. He's very fat.How are you?你好吗？ Look at that woman. She's very thin.*第 7 页，共 5 页*How is Helen today?海伦今天好吗？ Look at that policeman. He's very tall.How have you been?你一向可好？4 Look at that policewoman. She's very short.（ ）How do you do？（你好吗？）为正式介绍中地一句套话，从不用来询问健康：5 Look at that mechanic. He's very dirty.6 Look at that nurse. She's very clean.（ ）how经常用在询问目前状况地疑问句 里，如： How's7 Look at Steven. He's very hot.life?生活如何？Howare things?情况怎样？How's8 Look at Emma. She's very cold. work?工作怎么样？9 Look at that milkman. He's very old. 形容词地意义与作用0 Look at that air hostess. She's very young.4精品学习资料， 名师归纳总结*第 8 页，共 5 页*11 Look at that hairdresser. He's very busy.Lesson 12 Look at that housewife. She's very lazy.A Stella is here. That is her car.新概念第一册-课文详解及练习答案课文详注Further notes on the text2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.1. Whose shirt is that？那为谁地衬衫？4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.这为特殊疑问句。读时用降调。B2. Yes ， sir ？什么事，先生？请参见Lessons Whose is this handbag? It's Stella 's. It's her handbag.课文详注以及Lessons 4 课文详注。 Whose is this car? It's Paul's. It's his car.3. Here you are 给你。 Whose is this coat? It's Sophie 's. It's her coat.为给对方东西时地习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方在找4 Whose is this umbrella? It's Steven's. It's his umbrella.某物而你指出该物在什么地方时，往往用这种表达方式。也5 Whose is this pen? It's my daughter's. It's her pen.精品可以说：Here it is （指单数地物）或Here they are （指复数学6 Whose is this dress? It's my son's. It's his dress.习资地物）。句中地are 与 is 一般应重读。料7 Whose is this suit? It's my father's. It's his suit.，师名4非省略形式与省略形式之间地关系：it is not = it8 Whose is this skirt? It's my mother's. It's her skirt.纳归isn't = it's not。9 Whose is this blouse? It's my sister's. It's her blouse.总结5数字0 地英文写法：0 thirty0 Whose is this tie? It's my brother's. It's his tie.语法Grammar in use Whose is this pen? It's Sophie's. It's her pen.以疑问词whose引导地特殊疑问句 Whose is this pencil? It's Hans'. It's his pencil.（ ）用来询问所有关系。所有者总为一个人而且期望得到地回答为某人地名字加-'s 形式（如Tim's蒂姆地），词汇学习Word study1. perhaps adv.或许，大概，可能：Perhaps it is, sir.也或者为一个所有格代词（如mine 我地）。许为，先生。Perhaps it will rain.也许要下雨了。（ ）这时whose也可在句子中作表语，如：Perhaps it'sSophie'shandbag.也许这为索菲娅地手提（ ）当所有关系中指地为某件东西或某种物质时，包。whose 后面地名词可以省略： catch v.（ ）接住，拦住：Catch! 接着！2. 所有格形容词与所有格代词（ ）所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有，即某人（ ）逮住，捕捉：catch a thief捉住一个贼或某物属于某一个人，回答以whose 引导地问句。所有格形（ ）染上（疾病）：catch a cold伤风I have caught容词my ， your 等为限定词，必须始终放在名词之前，只能作定语。它们地形式取决于所有者，而不为被拥有地东西。a bad cold.我得了重感冒。所有格代词mine ， yours 等不能用在名词前，并且在说话时新概念第一册-4课文详解及练习答案要加重语气。它们指人或物，单数或复数都一样。请见下表：课文详注Further notes on the textThis is my car.这为我地汽车。（定语） It's the same colour一样地颜色。That is her coat.这为她地上衣。（定语）same 通常与定冠词the 连用，表示“同一地 ”、“相同地 ”：，mine is blue.你的车是红色的，我的是two boys of the same age两个同龄的男孩子We live in the same city.我们住在同一个城市里。Your car is red蓝色地。（主语）This book is his， not yours.这本书为他地，不为你地。 That is a lovely hat！真为一顶可爱地帽子！（表语）句末用地为赞叹号，表现出较强地感情色彩。句中地isI have my way, and she has hers.我有我地处事方式，她用斜体，为为了强调，应重读。有她地。（宾语）数字40 ， 50 ， 60 ， 70 ， 80 ， 90 ， 00 ， 0地英文*第 9 页，共 5 页*（ ）名词所有格为在词尾加-'s 构成地， 不仅可作定语，写法：还可作表语：40 forty50 fifty60 sixty70 seventy80 ei Is this Dave's shirt?这为戴夫地衬衫吗？（作定语）ghty90 ninety00 a hundred 0 a hundred and one Whose is that s