新概念英语第二册课文语法短语知识点.doc

YOUR LOGO原 创 文 档 请 勿 盗 版NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH BOOK practice :训练 , progress :进步If you practice more, then you can make great progress.五项综合训练技能listening :听力speaking :说话grammar :语法writing :写作reading :阅读translation :译 knowledge +skillsLesson A private conversation【New words and expressions】（ ） privateadj.私人地conversationn.谈话theatren.剧场，戏院seatn.座位playn.戏loudlyadv.大声地angryadj.生气地angrilyadv.生气地attentionn.注意精bearv.容忍品学businessn.事习rudelyadv.无礼地，粗鲁地资料， privateadj.私人地名 adj.私人地师private life私生活归纳private school私立学校总It's my private letter.（如果妈妈想看你地信）结It's my private house.（如果陌生人想进你地房子） adj.普通地private citizen普通公民I m a private citizen.（ citizen n.公民）private soldier大兵Private Ryan（拯救大兵瑞恩 ）public adj.公众地，公开地（private地反义词）public school公立学校public letter公开信public place公共场所privacyn.隐私It s privacy.这为我地隐私 !( 不愿让别人知道地)第 142 页，共 377 页conversationn.谈话have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip名词变动词conversation一般用于正式文体中,内容上往往不正式subject of conversation话题They are having a conversation.talk内容可正式可不正式,也可以私人Let s have a talk.dialogue对话 ,可以指正式国家与国家会谈China and Korea are having a dialogue.chat闲聊，就为北京人说地“侃”，说地为无关紧要地事。gossip嚼舌头 ,说长道短theatren.剧场,戏剧cineman.电影院seatn.座位have a good seat/place，这里地seat 指 place(指地点) ，而不为chair.take a seat/take your seat坐下来 ,就坐Is the seat taken?这个位置有人吗?请坐地 种说法:Sit down, please. (命令性 ) Take your seat, please.Be seated, please. (更礼貌 )精作为动词地seat 与 sit地区别品学sit （ sat ，sitten） vi.就座习He is sitting there.他坐在那儿。资seat vt.让某人就座料，seat sb.让某人就坐，后面会加人名Seat yourself.师You seat him.你给他找个位置.归纳总When all those present(到场者 )_D_ he began his lecture.结A. sitB. setC. seatedD. were seatedsit down坐下； be seated=take a seat就坐 angry adj.生气地 angrily adv.生气地angry =crossI was angry. /He was cross. annoyed:恼火地 ;be blue in the face脸上突然变色程I was annoyed.度I was angry/cross.加I was very angry.深I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了 ,相当生气了 ) attention n.注意Attention ,please.请注意 ( 口语 ) pay attention注意pay attention to对注意You must pay attention to that girl. pay a little attention稍加注意pay much attention多加注意pay more attention更多注意pay no attention不用注意pay close attention特别注意 bear(bore, born)v.容忍 vt.承受，支撑，承担，负担Can the ice bear my weight?Who will bear the cost?谁来承担这笔费用？ vt.忍受（一般与can/could连用于疑问句及否定句中）She eats too fast. I can t bear to watch/watching her.她吃得太快。我看着受不了。How can you bear living in this place?你怎么能受得了住在这个地方？bear =stand =put up with I can't bear/stand you.endure: 忍受, 容忍put up with :忍受I got divorced（离婚） .I could not put up with himbear/stand/endure忍受地极限在加大精品学bear n.熊white bear白熊习bear hug :热情 ( 热烈 ) 地拥抱资give sb. a bear hug料，名 business n.事,生意师 n.生意归纳business man :生意人总do business:做生意结go to some place on business:因公出差I went to Tianjin on business. n.某人自己地私人地事情It's my business. (指私人地事 ,自己处理地事) It's none of your business.不关你地事。 rudely adv.无礼地 ,粗鲁地rude adj.粗鲁地，无礼地 pay vt. &vi.支付 vt. &vi.支付（价款等）Have you paid the taxi-driver?You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds您可以先付0 英镑地定金I ll pay by instalments.I paid 50 dollars for this skirt.（ pay for sth.花/ 支付（钱）买） vt. &vi.给予（注意等） ；去（访问）They did not pay any attention.We paid a visit to our teacher last Sunday.上星期天我们去拜访了老师。 n.工资，报酬I have not received my pay yet.我还没有领到工资。【Text 】Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. "I can't hear a word!" I said angrily."It's none of your business," the young man said rudely. "This is a private conversation!"参考译文：上星期我去看戏.我地座位很好,戏很有意思 ,但我却无法欣赏.一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我地身后 ,大声地说着话.我非常生气,因为我听不见演员在说什么.我回过头去怒视着那一男一女,他们却毫不理会 .最后 ,我忍不住了 ,又一次回过头去,生气地说:“我一个字也听不见了! ”“不关你地事,“那男地毫不客气地说,“这为私人间地谈话! ”【课文讲解】、Last week I went to the theatre.精动词 go 地原义为离开一个地方去另一个地方，与介词to 连用后，常加上主语所要去地目地来代表主品语地动作目地。学go to the +地点表示去某地干嘛习go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play去剧场看戏资料go to the cinema =see a film去电影院看电影，go to the dairy去牛奶店名go to the +人 + 's表示去这个人开地店归师go to the doctor's去看病； go to the butcher's买肉纳总以下短语中名词前不加冠词：结go to school去上学； go to church去做礼拜； go to hospital(医院)去看病； go to bed上床，睡觉； go home（跟 home相连一定表示没有事情可做, 回家休息）I am at home.在家休息 、I had a very good seat.seat 一般指戏院、汽车等配置地固定座位，也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”等概念。the front seat of a car汽车地前座Take a seat, please.请坐。 、I did not enjoy it.enjoy vt.欣赏，享受，喜爱 enjoy +n.喜欢, 从当中得到一种享受（后面不能跟人）I enjoy the music.enjoy the dinner/film/program/game enjoy oneself/代词玩地开心We always enjoy ourselves. enjoy +动名词Jane doesn t enjoy swimming. She enjoys going to the theatre.4 、I got very angry.get 在这里有“逐渐变得” 地含义， 接近 become，为个表示过程地动词，表示状态地变化。而 I was veryangry 则仅表示当时地状态为生气，并不暗示过程。I am/was angry. 为 一 个 事 实I got angry. 强 调 变 化 过 程It is hot.It got hot.got 取代 be 动词， got 为一个半联系动词, 可以直接加形容词。5 、I could not hear the actors. I turned round. hear+ 人: 听见某人地话I could not hear you. Beg your pardon?I couldn't hear you./I couldn't hear a word./I couldn't catch your words. I couldn't hear you clearly./I couldn't catch your words.Beg your pardon? /I couldn't catch your words.turn round =turn around转身6 、In the end, I could not bear it.in the end最后，终于，表示一段较长地时间之后或某种努力之后精品She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In the end, she had to ask her brother学for help.习I could not bear it/you/the noise.资料，7 、I can't hear a word!名I can't hear a word.师美音 : 肯定 I can 否定 ,I can't, 它地/t/为吞进去地 ,在读音上很难区别,只能归纳根据上下文来定总hear a word of sb.（ a word等于一句话）结He didn't say a word.May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?8 、It's none of your business.one s business指某人（所关心地或份内）地事It's none of your business./None of your business./It's my business.不关你地事。It is my business to look after your health.我必须照顾你地身体健康。none 相当于 not any或 no one ，但语气较强。She kept none of his letters.他地信件她一封也没有保留。none of这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴地口气，尤其为在祈使句中：None of your silly remarks!别说傻话了！【Key structures】简单陈述句地语序陈述句一定为有主语, 有动词 , 有宾语 , 有句号6456when?Who?ActionWho?How?Where?When?Which?Which?What?What?主语，一般由名词、代词或名词短语构成，通常位于动词之前，动词必须与主语一致，即主语决定动词地单复数形式 -谓语，由动词充当 -宾语，一般为名词、代词或名词短语4 -副词或介词短语, 对方式或状态提问, 往往做状语I like her very much5 地点状语，一般在方式副词之后，时间副词之前6 时间状语，可以放在句首或句末简单陈述句一定不能少地为主语,谓语 .如果问何时何地, 为一个固定搭配when and where【Multiple choice questions】 The writer turned round. He looked at the man and the woman angrilyb.a. and they stopped talkingb. but they didn't stop talkingc. but they didn't notice himd. but they looked at him rudely "They did not pay any attention."不为没看见，只为思想上没在意pay attention:从思想上注意、在意，如交通安全应注意.notice:眼睛上注意 (=see眼睛看 )I notice her.精4 The young man and young woman were sitting behind him. He was sittingdthem.品学a. beforeb. abovec. ahead ofd. in front of习behind:在后面资in front of在前面( 相对静止地概念)料，before在前面( 后面加词或句子，一般与时间相连)名He arrived before six o'clock.师before he came back归纳above在上面总ahead of在前面(+ 时间、位置 )( 动态地行为 )结ahead of timeHe goes ahead of me.5cdid the writer feel? Angry.a. Whereb. Whyc. Howd. When特殊疑问词对后面地答案提问how(adv.)对一个方式、状态提问，对形容词、副词、介词短语提问7 The young man and the young woman paiddattention to the writer.a. noneb. anyc. not anyd. no any 用在否定句与疑问句中some 用 在 肯 定 句 中 none代词，没有任何东西、没有任何人None knows./None of us knows.not 否定词 , 要放在非实义动词后面not any=noHe didn't pay attention. no形容词、修饰名词I don't have any friends./I have no friends.I have no time./I don't have any time. The writer could not bear it. He could notcit.a. carryb. sufferc. standd. lift bear忍受=standsuffer遭受, 忍受 ( 精神或肉体上) 痛苦， suffer后面必须加一种痛苦I suffer the headache.（肉体上地痛苦）He often suffers defeat.（精神上地痛苦） （ defeatn.失败）Lesson Breakfast or lunch?【New words and expressions】（ 5） untilprep.直到outsideadv.外面ringv.（铃、电话等）响（rang, rung）auntn.姑，姨，婶，舅母repeatv.重复精品学 until prep.直到习until用于表示动作、状态等地持续，可译为“一直到为止”或“在以前”。在肯定句中，它资与表示持续性状态地动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻：料，I ll wait here until 5.我会在这里等到5 点钟。名His father was alive until he came back.直到他回来为止, 他爸爸都为活着地.师在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作地动词连用，表示“到为止”、“直到才” ：归纳She cannot arrive until 6.她到 6 点才能来。总His father didn't die until he came back.直到他回来 , 他爸爸才死 .结until（后地从句）地时间终止之前, 这个动作做了还为没做？做了前面地主句用肯定；没做前面地主句用否定For heA(C)(wait) until it stopped raining.A. waitedB. didn't waitA. leaveB. leftC. didn't leave I stay in bed until twelve o'clock.I didn't get up until o'clock. outside adv.外面（作状语）He is waiting for me outside.It is cold outside. ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等 ) 响 vt.鸣， ( 铃、电话等 ) 响( 这种响为刺耳地,往往为提醒人做某事) Every morning the clock rings at 6.The telephone(door bell) is ringing.而风铃等响要用jingle， jingle (bell) (铃儿)响叮当 vt.打电话给（美语中用call）ring sb.给某人打电话Tomorrow I'll ring you. n.（打）电话give sb. a ringRemember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me. n.戒指 auntn.姑, 姨, 婶, 舅妈( 所有长一辈地女性都用这个称呼)男性则为uncle:叔叔他们地孩子：cousin堂 兄 妹 ( 不 分 男 女 ) cousin地孩子： nephew外甥； niece外甥女 repeat v.重复 vt.重复Will you repeat the last word?They are repeating that wonderful paly. vi.重做，重说Please repeat after me.Don t repeat.精品学【Text 】习It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last资料Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought.，'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,'名she said. 'I'm coming to see you.'师归'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.纳'What are you doing?' she asked.总'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.结'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'参考译文：那为个星期天 , 而在星期天我为从来不早起地 , 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭地时候 . 上个星期天 , 我起得很晚 . 我望望窗外 , 外面一片昏暗 . “鬼天气 ! ” 我想 , “又下雨了 . “正在这时 , 电话铃响了 . 为我姑母露西打来地 . “我刚下火车 , “她说 , “我这就来看你 . “但我还在吃早饭 , “我说 .“你在干什么?” 她问道 .“我正在吃早饭,“我又说了一遍.“天啊 ,“她说 ,“你总为起得这么晚吗?现在已经 点钟了 ! ”【课文讲解】、It was Sunday.it指时间、天气、温度或距离，it被称为“虚主语” （ empty subject）。作为第三人称单数地中性代词， it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指为什么人：It is a lovely baby. 、I never get up early on Sundays.on Sundays:所有地星期天, 每逢星期天 , 与一般现在时连用，表示经常性地行为。介词 on 一般用于表示某一天地时间短语中：on Monday ，on Monday morning， on that day当使用 last， next ， this，that时，介词（以及定冠词）必须省略：I ll see you next/this Friday.never从来不 ( 可以直接用在动词前面)= 助动词 +not (变成否定句 , 前面一定要加助动词) I don't like her.=I never like her. 、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.在表达卧床时bed 前不需加冠词：It s time for bed now.You must stay/remain in bed for another two days.你必须再卧床两天。4 、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. just then:就在那时如果不知道对方性别,他/ 她可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it ?精5 、I've just arrived by train,品by 直接加交通工具( 不能有任何修饰词,复数 ) ；如果加修饰词,就要换掉by 用 in或 on学I go out by bus.习I go out in/on two buses.（指具体地两辆车介词用in/on ）资Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea.料，如果为特指地交通工具，则要加冠词或其他限定词：名My aunt left by the 9:5 train.师归纳by air乘飞机by bicycle/bike骑自行车by boat乘船by bus乘公共汽车by car乘小汽车by land由陆路by plane乘飞机by sea由海路by ship乘船by train乘火车总结6 、I'm coming to see you.我将要来看你.用 come地现在进行时态be coming表示一般将来，表示近期按计划或安排要进行地动作。同样用法地动词有： go， come， leave ， arrive， land ，meet， die ， start，return，join7 、Dear me!天哪 ! 英国人说Dear me! 或 My dear!美国人说: My god! ( 发啊地音 ) 注意美英地发音不同.【Key structures】现在进行时与一般现在时现在进行时表示说话地当时正在发生或正在发生地事件, 也用来表示现阶段( 一段时间 ) 地动向。现在进行时常与now， just， still等副词连用：I am working as a teacher. "现 阶 段 " He is still sleeping.（现在还在睡觉）Jane is just dressing up.简正在打扮。一般现在时表示习惯性动作,真理 ,为过去、现在与未来都会发生地事情。一般现在时一般与频率副词 often ，always ，sometimes ， never ， frequently， rarely， ever 等连用。Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him.频率副词往往放在句子中地实义动词前,非实义动词后；如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词,要放在两个之间；疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。在否定句中not必须放在always之前，而且也出现在generally、normally、 often 、 regularly与 usually之前； not 必须出现在sometimes 与 frequently之后。表示肯定地速记可以用在句尾；在特别强调与需要对比时，frequently、 generally、normally、sometimes 、usually等副词可用于句首。I get paid on Friday usually.Very often the phone rings whenI m in bath.非实义动词:系动词 (be)帮助动词构成时态地助动词(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has)情态动词 (must, can, may)除此之外都为实义动词.I frequently go to bed hungry.（形容词作状语）He went to school hungry.饿着肚子上学.You must come here hungry.空腹来这里 .精品学【Special Difficulties】习以 what 开头地感叹句：资在英语中可用what 引导地感叹句来表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情，在感叹中主谓语采用正常语料，序。名What 对名词感叹，感叹句地结构为：What +a/an (+adj.)+n.(+主语+谓语 )!师What a good girl (she is)!（主、谓可省）归纳有上下文与一定地语境,才能省略形容词。一般省略形容词表示批评或不大好地意思。总What a thing to say!多么难听地话啊！结What (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!【Multiple choice questions】5.He doesn't get up early on Sundays. He gets upa.a. lateb. latelyc. slowlyd. hardly late <adj.& adv.>晚地lately <adv.> =recently <adv.>最近地 ,近来地 .How are you going lately?最近一段时间身体还好吗?8Heaout of the window and saw that it was raining.a. lookedb. sawc. remarkedd. watched look <vi.>表示看地动作，后面一定要加介词see <vt.>表示看地结果，后面直接加宾语watch <vt.>表示观看，后面直接加宾语,但宾语一定为能够活动地东西look at pictures (对) ； watch pictures(错)Breakfast is the firstdof the day.a. foodb. dinnerc. lunchd. meallunch中餐food食物dinner正餐一天中最丰盛地那顿饭,可能为中餐 ,也可能为晚餐,但决不会为早餐. meal一顿饭Lesson Please Send Me a Card【New words and expressions】（ ）sendv.寄，送postcardn.明信片spoilv.使索然无味，损坏museumn.博物馆publicadj.公共的friendlyadj.友好的waitern.服务员，招待员lendv.借给decisionn.决定wholeadj.整个的singleadj.唯一的，单一的精品学习sendv.寄,送资send a letter寄信料，send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth.给某人送（寄）什么东西名send/take children to school： take 强调某人亲自送；send 则为通过第三人去送,如美国地校车师take flowers to his wife自己送归纳send flowers to his wife叫店里地人送总结 postcardn.明信片两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/与/k/前者失去爆破音name ca