中考英语知识点:冠词应用考点.doc
中考英语知识点:冠词应用考点YOUR LOGO原 创 文 档 请 勿 盗 版中考英语知识点:冠词应用考点在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,请注意区别:1. 有些个体名词“school,college,prison, hospital,bed”等词与动词或介词连用时, 有无冠词表示不同含义例:go to hospital 去医院看病go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病,而是有其他目的) in hospital (生病)住院in the hospital 在医院里at table 进餐at the table 在桌子旁by sea 乘船by the sea 在海边in front of 在前面in the front of 在范围内的前部2. 两个形容词都有冠词,表示两个不同东西。例:He raises a black and a white cat.他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。如后一个形容词无冠词,则指一物。例:He raises a black and white cat.他养了一只花猫。3. a teacher and writer 一位教师兼作家(一个人)a teacher and a writer 一位教师和一位作家(两个人)中考英语知识点:可数和不可数名词的特点中考英语知识点:可数和不可数名词的特点解读 1 冠词和名词1. a/an 用于单数可数名词前,a 用于以辅音音素开头的词前,an 用于以元音音素开头的词前。2. the 既可用于可数名词前,又可用于不可 数名词前,表示特指。解读 2:数词 a/an+量词+of+名词"结构中,若数词超过"1”,量词应用复数形式。该结构作主语时,谓语动词与量词的形式保持一致。典例:Many are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city( 文明城市).A. man B. woman C. volunteer D. volunteers解析:根据空格前的 Many 可知,空格处需用复数可数名词,只有 D 项是复数形式。答案:D 提分要点 不可数名词的数量表达1. 用“数词/a/an+量词+of+名词”这种形式。 a piece of news 一条新闻2. 用 some, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。 some advice 一些建议 a little salt 一点盐中考英语知识点:相似介词组辨析貌似相同的 in front of 与 in the front of*in front of“在的前面”,指从外部看来一物在另一物的前面。如:Theres a big tree in front of the building.*in the front of“在的前面”,指从内部看来一物在另一物的前部。如:The driver sits in the front of the car.貌似相同的 in time 与 on time*in time 意思是“及时”,指在时间上有提前、刚好的意思,表示正赶上时候或恰在需要的时候,作表语时常与 for sth.或 to do sth. 连用。如:Were just in time to catch the bus.*on time 意思是“按时、准时”,通常指有时间限制,以规定的时间为界,在规定时间内即为按时。如:We should get to school on time.The train arrived on time.貌似相同的 beside 与 besides*beside 表示位置,意思是“在的旁边”,与 by,at 同意。如:There is a big tree beside the house.*besides 意思是“除了.以外,还”与 except,but 同义。如:The girl is studying Japanese besides English.中考英语知识点:形容词的比较级用于两者比较,表示"比更":"A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+ B,e.g. I am two years older than my little sister."A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+ B:e.g. She gets to school earlier than the other students. "比较级+and+比较级",这种结构表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长,意为"越来越"。e.g. In spring the days are getting longer and longer. "the+比较级the+比较级",表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度的增长而增长,表示"越,越"。e.g. The mort you practice using English,the better you'll learn it 你英语练得越多,就会学得越好。"A 十动词十 the+比较级+of 短语(比较范围)",这种结构表示"两者中更的那一个"。当比较双方只出现一方(没有 than 及其后面的部分),且句中含有 of the two时, 比较级前要加 the.e.g. Penny is the taller of the two girls.The larger of the two houses belongs to Mr. Black.表示两者程度不同的其他方式可用 more than(多于), not more than(不多于), less than(少于), not less than(不少于), less+形容词+ than(不如)等。We haven't got more than one hour left right now. It is less cold today than it was yesterday. "not+比较级 +than"与"no+比较级+than" 这两个结构表达的意思完全不同: 前者往往表示"一方不比另一方",后者往往表示"前者和后者一样都不";修饰说明数量时,前者表示"最多,不比多",后者表示"仅仅",带有感情色彩。I am not taller than you. 我不比你高。I am no taller than you. 我和你一样高。My French is not better than yours. My French is no better than yours. She is not more than seven years old. She is no more than seven years old.中考英语知识点:形容词的最高级最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较方式 the+ 形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句Jack is the tallest student in his class.He is the fastest runner of the three boys. This is the most boring book I've ever read. one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+表示范围的短语或从句China is one of the largest countries in the world.用法比较:介词 in 和 of 引导的短语说明比较的范围如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用 in; 如果在同一类事物范围内进行比较用 of. China is the largest country in Asia.China is the largest one of all the Asian countries. 运用比较级表达最高级的概念: "比较级+than any other+名词单数","比较级+than the other+名词复数"或"比较级+than the rest of +the+名词复数"Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.= Julia is taller than the other girls in her class. = Julia is taller than the rest of the girls in her class.