2022年法律英语常用词汇和句型总结 .pdf
优秀资料欢迎下载！常用术语总结一、基本概念及用法债权人： obligee 债务人： obligor 一方： one party 对方 相对人： the other party ； 善意相对人：the other party in good faith 债权： creditors right; right to performance; right 债务 /义务： obligation 标的物： subject matter 责任： liability 要约： offer; 承诺： acceptance; 要约邀请： invitation to offer; 要约人： offeror 受要约人： offeree 收件人： recipient 代理人： agent 被代理人 /本人： principle 行为人： person performing (such) act 代理权： agency authority 应当： shall 可以： may 不能： may not 不正当： improperly 有权做 . . .：may; is entitled to do 履行义务： perform obligation, render performance 订立合同： enter into a contract; conclude a contract; form a contract 带来损失： cause loss to . . . 损害利益： harm somebody s interest赔偿损失： indemnify the other party for its loss 由某人承担费用：expenses shall be borne by sb. 承担损害赔偿责任：be liable for damages 各自承担相应的责任：bear their respective liabilities accordingly 要求承担违约责任：hold . . . liable for breach of contract 享有权利、承担义务：assume right and obligation 二、各个条文中的术语合同订立采取 . . . 方式： a contract is concluded by the exchange of. . . (e.g. by the exchange of an offer and an acceptance; by the exchange of electronic messages) . . .的意思表示：manifestation of intention to do something 做出表示： manifest his intention (to do) 接受履行： accept the performance 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页优秀资料欢迎下载！订立合同时： in the course of concluding/ negotiating a contract; at the time of its conclusion 符合 规定： meet the requirement of . . . 承诺的撤回： withdrawal of acceptance 书面形式： in writing 合同书形式： memorandum of contract 具有本法 . . .条规定的情形：fall into any of the circumstances set forth in Article. . . 撤回： withdraw; 撤销： cancel 拒绝追认： decline; 拒绝履行： reject 受约束： be bound ；is binding upon somebody 表明： indicate 价目表： price list 拍卖公告： announcement of auction 招标公告： call for tender 招股说明书： prospectus 商业广告： commercial advertisement 数据电文： electronic message 指定特定系统：designate a specific system 快速通讯方式：instantaneous communication device 国家指令性任务或国家订货任务：state mandatory plan or state purchase order 根据需要 /要求： in light of its requirement 格式条款： standard terms 条款： provision 提请注意义务：duty to call attention 应. . . 要求，做 . . .：do something upon the request of . . . 与对方协商： negotiate with the other party 预先拟定： prepare in advance 重复使用： repeated use 提供格式条款一方：the party supplying standard terms 免除或限制责任：exclude or limit liability 加重对方责任：increase the liabilities of the other party 排除对方主要权利：deprive the other party of material rights 合理的方式： in a reasonable manner 对格式条款的理解：construction of standard term 通常理解： common sense 不一致： discrepancy between and 解释： interpret 缔约过失责任：pre-contract liabilities 恶意磋商： negotiate in bad faith 以. . . 名义： under the pretext of 隐瞒与 . . .有关的重要事实：conceal material facts relating to . . . 提供虚假情况：supply false information 商业秘密： trade secret 泄露或不正当使用商业秘密：disclose or improperly use trade secret 在订立合同的过程中获悉：become aware of in the course of negotiating a contract 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页优秀资料欢迎下载！生效条件： conditions precedent 解除条件： conditions subsequent 阻止促成条件成立：impair/facility satisfaction of a condition 对合同的效力约定附条件：prescribe that the effectiveness of a contract be subject to certain conditions 附生效 /解除条件的合同：a contract subject to condition precedent/subsequent 条件成立： condition is satisfied 附期限的合同：contract term 生效 /失效期限： a time of commencement/expiration 限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil act 法定代理人： legal agent 追认： ratify 纯获利益的合同：a contract from which such person accrues benefits only 与其年龄、智力、精神健康状况相适应：be appropriate for his age, intelligence, mental health 催告法定代理人在一个月内予以追认：demand legal agent to ratify the contract within one month 视为拒绝追认：is deemed to decline ratify the contract 撤销的权利： somebody is entitled to cancel. . . 以通知的方式做出：be effected by notification 以. . . 的名义： on ones behalf没有代理权： lack agency authority 超越代理权： act beyond his agency authority 代理权终止： agency authority is extinguished 请求人民法院或仲裁机构变更或撤销：petition the Peoples court or an arbitration institutionfor amendment or cancellation 重大误解： material mistake 显失公平： grossly unconscionable 欺诈： fraud 胁迫： duress 乘人之危： take advantage of the other partys hardship真实意思： true intention 受损害方： aggrieved party 合同无效、被撤销或者终止：invalidity, cancellation or discharge of a contract 不影响 . . .条款的效力： not impair the validity of the contract provision concerning. . . 争议解决方法：the method of dispute resolution 返还财产： make restitution of property 过错方： the party at fault 折价补偿： allowance be made in money based on the value of the property 在合同约定的交付期间：during the prescribed period of delivery 交付时的价格：price of delivery 迟延交付标的物/提取标的物 /付款： delay in delivering the subject matter; delay in taking delivery; delay in making payment 同时履行： simultaneous performance 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页优秀资料欢迎下载！互负债务： owe performance toward each other 没有先后履行顺序：there is no order of performance 履行不符合约定：render non-conforming performance 拒绝其相应的履行要求： reject its corresponding requirement for performance 部分履行： partial performance 债务人部分履行给债权人增加的费用：additional expenses incurred by obligee due to obligors partial performance代位权： subrogation 怠于行使到期债权：delay in exercising its creditors right that was due 专属于 . . .人本身： exclusively personal to somebody 转让债权： assign a right 受让人取得与债权有关的从权利：assignee assumes any incidental right associated with the obligees right让与人与受让人：assignor, assignee 接到 . . . 通知： upon receipt of notice of assignment 债务人可以向受让人主张抵销：the obligor may avail itself of any set-off against the assignee 对某人享有债权： have right to performance by/against somebody 合并 /分立： a party has effected combination/division 合并 /分立后的法人：legal person resulting from combination/division 行使合同权利，履行合同义务：assume the rights and obligations 享有连带债权，承担连带债务：jointly and severally assume the rights and obligations 合同解除： terminate 合同终止： discharge 债务互相抵销：obligations were set off against each other 将标的物提存：place the subject matter in escrow 免除债务： release the obligor from performance 毁损、灭失的风险：the risk of damage or loss 孳息： fruits of subject matter 违约责任： liabilities for breach of contract 履行合同义务：perform obligations under a contract 符合约定的履行合同义务：perform obligations in accordance with the contract; render conforming performance 继续履行： specific performance 采取补救措施：cure of non-conforming performance 赔偿损失： payment of damages 预期违约： anticipatory breach 明确表示： expressly state 行为表明： indicate by conduct 违约金： liquidated damage 一定数额： a certain sum/amount of 根据违约情况：in the light of degree of breach 因违约产生的损失赔偿额的计算方法：a method for calculation of damages for the loss resulting from a partys breach.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页优秀资料欢迎下载！适当减少： decrease the amount as appropriate 公平原则： the principle of fairness 诚实信用原则：the principle of good faith 三、 “效力”的词汇. . .的效力： effectiveness/validity of . . .e.g. effectiveness of contract/offer 生效： become effective 失效： extinguish 有效： valid 无效： invalid 四、时间的词汇到达时间： time of arrival 承诺期限： the period for acceptance 信件载明的日期或电报交发之日：date shown on the letter or the date on which the telegram is handed in for dispatch 邮戳日期： the posting date stamped on the envelop 超过承诺期间：after expiration of the period for acceptance 履行期限： time of performance . . .期间自 开始计算： the period for. . . commences on the date when. . ./once . . . 五、常用句型：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页优秀资料欢迎下载！符合情况的，视为：A is deemed as C, if B. 表示假设，用 ” where ” or ” if”如果是个长句子，内容为：在一个大前提A 下，又有几个不同的条件(B、C)，每个条件下的结果（ D 是 B的结果， E 是 C 的结果）都不同。可以用：Where/When A, if B，D；if C, E. 例如：合同法第16 条36 条。A 时间被视为B 时间： the time when. . .is deemed as time of. . .（the time when the electronic message enters into such specific system is deemed as time of arrival）. . . 时 A 成立：用once/when/upon，e.g. A contract is formed once the acceptance becomes effective. A contract becomes effective upon its formation. An offer become effective when it reaches the offeree. 在 之前，或同时到达：reach before or at the same time as . . . e.g. the notice of withdrawal shall reach offeror before or at the same time as the acceptance. 具有本法 . . .条规定的情形，则. . .：. . .is . . ., if it falls into any of the circumstances set forth in Article. . . hereof. E.g. A standard term is invalid, if it falls into any of the circumstances set forth in Article 52 hereof. 法律、行政法规规定. . ., 依照其规定： Where. . .is subject to provisions of relevant law or administrative regulation, such provisions apply. 附生效 / 失效期限的合同，自. . .时生效/失效：A contract subject to a time of commencement/expiration becomes effective/ is extinguished at such time. . . . 除外： . . . , except where 句子 e.g. 第 72 条除非双方另有约定：. . . , unless otherwise agreed by the parties 法律规定或者当事人约定的其他. . . 情形： any other circumstances of . . . provided by law, or prescribed by the parties 法律、行政法规规定或当事人约定. . .： . . . as required by the relevant law or administrative regulation or as agreed by the parties . . . 的范围，以 . . .为限： the scope of . . .is limited to the extent of. . . 有下列情形之一的，. . . ：. . . in any of the following circumstances 无论 . . . ： regardless of whether/when/where. . . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页
