unit-4-astronomy--reading.ppt

A Quiz Game 1. How old is the earth? A. About 3.5 billion years B. About 4.5 billion years C. About 5.5 billion years D. About 6.5 billion years 2. _ of the earth surface is covered by water. A. 20% B. 30% C. 50% D. 70%3. How many planets are there in the Solar System? A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9 4. What is the total population of human on the earth? A. About 3.5 billion B. About 4.5 billion C. About 5.5 billion D. About 6.5 billion5. How long does the rotation (自转自转) of the earth take? A. 12 hours B. 24 hours C. a month D. 365 days6. Which continent is the smallest? A. Africa B. North America C. South America D. Oceania 7. On what day is the Earth day celebrated? A. April 22 B. May 4 C. August 21 D. November 118. Which ocean is the largest? A. The Pacific Ocean B. The Arctic Ocean C. The Indian Ocean D. The Atlantic Ocean9. Which country has the largest area? A. Canada B. China C. Russia D. U.S.ACan you name them?Whats the origin of life on earth? Pan Gu set about the task of creating the world, which took 18,000 years. After the 18,000 years, Pan Gu was laid to rest. His breath became the wind; his voice the thunder; left eye the sun and right eye the moon; his body became the mountains and extremes of the world; his blood formed rivers; his muscles the fertile lands; his facial hair the stars and milky way; his fur the bushes and forests; his bones the valuable minerals; his bone marrows sacred diamonds; his sweat fell as rain; and the fleas on his fur carried by the wind became the fish and animals throughout the land.God created the world in the western LiteratureDay 1: God separated light from darkness creating Day and Night. Day 2: God separated the water creating sky and ocean. Day 3: God created dry land. Day 4: God spoke and created the sun, moon and stars. Day 5: God spoke and created living creatures in the air and sea. Day 6: God spoke and created the land animals and man. Day 7: God rested and blessed this day calling it Holy.Brahma is the god first represented in the Hindu Triad. He is the creator of the universe and all living beings are said to have evolved from him.Indians beliefsNew words theory atom billion globe violent carbon nitrogen atmosphere fundamental acid chain multiply Oxygen amphibian reptile mammal exist thus dioxide prevent fromTrue (T) or False (F)1. The earth appeared before the Big Bang happened.2. The original atmosphere consisted of nitrogen and oxygen. 3. The main difference between the earth and other planets is that there is water on the earth. 4. Life began in water and then on land.FFTTFast reading5. Mammals appeared before the development of dinosaurs.6. Dinosaurs could give birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. 7. Human beings produce too much carbon dioxide which causes the global warming on the earth. 8. According to the text, human beings would disappear in the end. FFTFPara. 1 The formation (形成形成) of the earth.Para. 2 The importance of water for life.Para. 3 A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.Para. 4 The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth. Para. 5 The development of plants and animals on the earth. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. begin with=start with：“以以开始开始”. to begin with=to start with 单独使用单独使用,表示表示“首先首先; 第第一一; 起初起初; 最初最初”。 在句中作时间状语。在句中作时间状语。 e.g. To begin/start with, I couldnt swim at all. 起初起初, 我一点都不会游泳。我一点都不会游泳。 in theory 理论上理论上 你的计划理论上很好，但实际不可行。你的计划理论上很好，但实际不可行。 Your plan is good in theory, but it could not work in practice.A cloud of dustSettle into a solid ballExplodewith fire & rock(produce H2O、CO2 、O2 、N2 other gases) atmosphereCool downwater appeared dissolve harmful gases into Life beganLife developedRead paragraph 2, 3 carefully and find out how the earth developed after the “Big Bang”?What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 1. _（使大家吃惊的是）（使大家吃惊的是）is that he didnt come to the meeting. What surprised everybody 2. _（他所做的）（他所做的）added to our difficulty. What he did The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.violent 猛烈的，激烈的猛烈的，激烈的whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句和同位语从句;而而if只能引导宾语从句。只能引导宾语从句。They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases which were to make the earths atmosphere.in time: finally, sooner or later; not late; Ill see him in time.She will be back in time to prepare dinner.atmosphere （空气，氛围）（空气，氛围） C,U这些植物喜欢湿热的空气。这些植物喜欢湿热的空气。These plants favor a warm and wet atmosphere.两国元首在友好的气氛中洽谈。两国元首在友好的气氛中洽谈。The presidents of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly atmosphere.as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. appear 表表“出现出现”是动词，当表示是动词，当表示 “似乎似乎, 好像好像”时是系动词时是系动词, 该词无被动语态该词无被动语态, 且不和且不和like搭配。搭配。 She is fifty but she appears young. 她五十岁了她五十岁了, 但但 看起来很年轻。看起来很年轻。(其实并非如此其实并非如此) She seems young. 她看起来很年轻。她看起来很年轻。(根据个人的根据个人的主观判断而推断出主观判断而推断出) She looks young. 她很年轻。她很年轻。(从她外表可以感觉出从她外表可以感觉出)look可用于进行时可用于进行时, 而而seem, appear 一般不能。一般不能。He is looking very happy. 他现在看起来很高兴。他现在看起来很高兴。 It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. 水会对于生命的发展起关键作用水会对于生命的发展起关键作用, 这一点在当时并不这一点在当时并不太明显。太明显。 What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. Do sb harm/ do harm to sb = be harmful to sb= harm sb This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. make it + adj./n. for sb. /sth. to do sth.组长让我们可以一起合作。组长让我们可以一起合作。The group leader _.老师让他们容易地明白那个问题。老师让他们容易地明白那个问题。The teacher _.made it possible for us to work togethermade it easy for them to understand the question make it + adj./n. for sb. /sth. to do sth.Read paragraph 4 and 5 carefully,and find out the order of development of life on the earth. 10. the universe began with a big bang 7. the earth was a cloud of dust 3. the earth became a solid ball 8. water appeared on the earth 4. small plants grew on the water 9. shellfish and other fish appeared 6. plants began to grow on dry land 1. insects and amphibians appeared 5.reptiles appeared 2. dinosaurs appeared 12. mammals appeared 11. clever animals with hands and feet appearedClose reading on Para 4&5 They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. multiply: 繁殖，增加，乘以繁殖，增加，乘以 这里的兔子繁殖得很快这里的兔子繁殖得很快 The rabbits here multiply rapidly. 我们的问题增加了我们的问题增加了 Our problems have multiplied. 2乘以乘以3等于等于6 2 multiplied by 3 is 6. Or: 2 and 3 multiply to make 6.They produced young generally by laying eggs.lay (laid; laid; laying) 放置放置;产卵产卵 lie (lay; lain; lying) 躺躺;位于位于 lie (lied; lied; lying) 说谎说谎 The naughty boy _ to me that the hen that _ there just now had _ two eggs the day before.A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lainC. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laidDThey lay eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140million years.exist, existence, come into existence （形成）（形成）你相信世界上有鬼么？你相信世界上有鬼么？Do you believe in the existence of ghost?These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. The unusual experience gave birth to his latest novel.这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说。这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说。蚊子靠吸血为生。蚊子靠吸血为生。The mosquitoes feed on blood. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet. in ones turn , Its ones turn to do sth by turns（轮流，交替）（轮流，交替） take turns to do/doing sth 轮到我做家务了。轮到我做家务了。 I am to do the housework in my turn/ its my turn to do the housework. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. stop/prevent . (from ) doing，keep . from doing . the earth may become too hot to live on. 当当“only/all/not/buttoo adj. (形容词形容词) inf. (动词不定式动词不定式)”时时, 等于等于very (非常非常)。 I shall be only too pleased to hear from you further. 我非常欢迎你再来信。我非常欢迎你再来信。 They are but too glad to do so. 他们非常喜欢这么做。他们非常喜欢这么做。 在在“cannotcan never.too”结构中，应理解为结构中，应理解为“无论怎样无论怎样也不会过分也不会过分”。 You can not praise him too highly. 你无论怎样表你无论怎样表扬他也不过分。扬他也不过分。 whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.在未来的千百万年中在未来的千百万年中, 生命能否在地球一延续将取生命能否在地球一延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。决于这个问题能否得到解决。 believe sb. 相信某人（所说的话）相信某人（所说的话）believe in sb. 信任信任/信赖某人信赖某人trust (in) sb. 相信相信/信任信任/信赖某人信赖某人depend/ rely on count onAnswer the following questions1. Why was the earth different from other planets? There is water on the earth.2. Why did the plants grow before the animals came? Because plants provide oxygen for animals to breathe. 3. Why is it wrong in films and stories to show dinosaurs and people together? Because dinosaurs died out long before human beings developed on the earth.4. Why do you think that humans are the cleverest animals on the earth? They are the cleverest animals because they have larger brains than any other creature on the earth so far.How life began on the earth“Big Bang”other bodies_ starsEarth: a cloud of _atomsdustSummary a solid _the earths _other_Water: _ to the development of lifewater vapour nitrogen carbonextremely small _ on the surface of the waterglobegasesatmospherefundamentalplantsearly _ and all sorts of fishgreen plants on landland animalsinsectsamphibians_huge animals (dinosaurs)the rise of _human beingsshellfishreptilesmammals