it的用法在作文中的应用.ppt

Teaching aims: 1. it作代词时的用法；作代词时的用法； 2. it作形式主语和形式宾语；作形式主语和形式宾语； 3. 强调句型；强调句型； 4. it 固定短语和常用句型固定短语和常用句型; 5. it的用法在写作中的应用。的用法在写作中的应用。热身一下热身一下1. 今天天气寒冷。今天天气寒冷。2. 今天是星期三。今天是星期三。3. 教室到操场有教室到操场有3分钟的步行路程。分钟的步行路程。4.我有一本字典，它使我聪明。我有一本字典，它使我聪明。5 我没有字典，你能借我一本吗？我没有字典，你能借我一本吗？ It is cold today.Its Wednesday today.It is a three minutes walk from classroom to the playground.I have a dictionary. It makes me smart.I have a dictionary, which makes me smart.I have no dictionaries. Can you lend me one? 想一想，想一想，it 作代词分别作代词分别指代什么？指代什么？ 1. it的基本用法的基本用法（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.（2）用以代替提示代词）用以代替提示代词this, that。Whats this? Its a knife.Whose watch is that? Its mine.（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。Who is knocking at the door? Its me.（4）指环境情况等。）指环境情况等。It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.（5）指时间、季节等。）指时间、季节等。What time is it? Its eight oclock.（6）指距离。）指距离。It is a long way to the school.2. it 作形式主语作形式主语 To learn English well is important for us. Playing computer games all day long is a waste of time. That we students should be kind to others is necessary. It is important for us to learn English well.3. It is necessary that we students should be kind to others.2. It is a waste of time playing computer games all day long.To learn English wellPlaying computer games all day long That we students should be kind to others It is no use /no good /a waste of time doing sth.It is strange/ important/necessary that(should) do翻译：翻译： 据说他读过这篇小说据说他读过这篇小说 Itwassaidthat he had read this novel.It is/was said that +从句从句reportedbelievedthought= sb/sth is/was said to do/ have done 1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句，如： It is uncertain whether he can come to Jennys birthday party or not. 2. It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question等，如： Its a pity that you missed the exciting football match. It remains a question whether he will come or not. 3. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如： It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient. 4. It + 不及物动词(seem, appear, happen等) + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem等， 如： It seemed that he didnt tell the truth. It happened that I was out when he called. 5. It + be + 形容词 + for sb.）+ 动词不定式 这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如： Its necessary for the young to master two foreign language. It is unwise to give the children whatever they want. 这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise 6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如： Its very kind of you to help me with the work. =You are kind to help me. It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others. =He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others. 7. It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式，如： It is not a good habit to stay up too late. 8. It + be + 名词或形容词 + 动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等，如： Its a waste of time talking to her any more. It is no use arguing about the matter with him. 3. it 作形式宾语作形式宾语 (think, feel, make, find, believe, consider) + it + adj./ n./ to do/ doing / that Can you make sentences ? We think it important to help others. We found it impossible to finish the work in a day. We thought it no good working without a rest. He made it clear that we shouldnt break the school rules.Eg:Pay attention！Pay attention！5. it 固定短语和常用句型固定短语和常用句型 Believe it or not.信不信由你。信不信由你。 Dont mention it.不用谢。不用谢。 Make it. 办得到，做成功。办得到，做成功。 Take it easy.别着急，慢慢来；别过于紧张。别着急，慢慢来；别过于紧张。 Its up to you.由你决定由你决定 It /That (all) depends. 那要看情况而定。那要看情况而定。 Forget it.算了吧，别在意，没关系。算了吧，别在意，没关系。 It doesnt matter. 没关系没关系 When it comes to 当谈到当谈到； 当涉及当涉及 Thats it. 对了，正是。对了，正是。 It is （high） time + (that) 主语主语should do / did+其它。（从句中的谓语动词用其它。（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。）的是虚拟语气。） It is the first /secondtime+that从句从句(必须使必须使用用完成时完成时)(这是某人第这是某人第次做了某事次做了某事) It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth.做某事做某事花费某人多少时间花费某人多少时间It is high time( that )we should go / went home It is the first time that I have visited this city. It was the second time that I had seen her. It takes me an hour to do my homework. 例例 The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country. (2010辽宁卷辽宁卷) A. so B. much C. that D. it 解析解析考查考查it的用法。句意：她是外国人的的用法。句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。此处要用事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。此处要用it作形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。作形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。 D 例例 The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday. (2010全国卷全国卷) A. this B. that C. one D. it 解析解析考查考查it的用法。的用法。it的两个重要用法是作的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语，形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语，it在这在这里代指后面的真正宾语里代指后面的真正宾语to have a holiday。 D 例例 Ive read another book this week. Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (2009浙江卷浙江卷) A. this B. that C. there D. it 解析解析it引导的强调句型。还原为：引导的强调句型。还原为： Not how much you read but what you read counts. 句句意为：重要的不是你读了多少东西，而是你读了意为：重要的不是你读了多少东西，而是你读了什么。什么。 D 例例 It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry. (2009江西卷江西卷) A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; why 解析解析考查考查not until 的强调句型。的强调句型。 C 例例 It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.(2009全国卷全国卷) A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said 解析解析考查句型考查句型It is said+that从句从句A When _ comes to computer games, my cousin always gets excited as if he was an ET. A. that B. this C. he D. it 解析解析when it comes to sth. 是个固定句型，是个固定句型，意思为意思为“当谈到某事时当谈到某事时”。 D 用法用法种类种类It用法和强调句型用法和强调句型 it1、代替前文提到过的事物或将会发生的事情。、代替前文提到过的事物或将会发生的事情。2、可代替指示代词、可代替指示代词this和和that.3、指说话者心目中的人或指做某动作的人或与事、指说话者心目中的人或指做某动作的人或与事物有关的人。物有关的人。4、指代除人以外的一切生物和事物。、指代除人以外的一切生物和事物。5、可表示时间、日期、天气、温度和距离等。、可表示时间、日期、天气、温度和距离等。1、作形式主语：代替由不定式、动名词和从句表、作形式主语：代替由不定式、动名词和从句表示的真主语。示的真主语。2、作形式宾语：代替由不定式、动名词和从句表、作形式宾语：代替由不定式、动名词和从句表示的真宾语。示的真宾语。3、用在强调句型中：、用在强调句型中：It is/was + 被强调部分被强调部分+ who/that 总总 结结作代词作代词作引导词作引导词 今天是星期三，能在此演讲是我的一大荣幸。今天是星期三，能在此演讲是我的一大荣幸。我的主题是我的主题是“高二（高二（5）班，我爱你。）班，我爱你。” 我的教室在三楼，到操场很方便，大约三我的教室在三楼，到操场很方便，大约三分钟的步行路程，所以在业余时间，我们经常分钟的步行路程，所以在业余时间，我们经常去那里锻炼身体。众所周知，一直不停地工作去那里锻炼身体。众所周知，一直不停地工作是没好处的。简言之，我爱我的教室。是没好处的。简言之，我爱我的教室。 而且，我也爱我的同学。我们认为助人为而且，我也爱我的同学。我们认为助人为乐是很重要的。我们都很勤奋，是每天早上乐是很重要的。我们都很勤奋，是每天早上6：20我们在教室读英语或语文，直到晚上我们在教室读英语或语文，直到晚上10点我点我们才离开教室。因为我们相信：是努力而不是们才离开教室。因为我们相信：是努力而不是智力决定成功。智力决定成功。 总之，信不信由你，高二（总之，信不信由你，高二（5）班是我校）班是我校最好的班级之一，让我引以为傲。最好的班级之一，让我引以为傲。今天是星期三，能在此演讲是我的一大荣幸。今天是星期三，能在此演讲是我的一大荣幸。我的主题是我的主题是“高二（高二（5）班，我爱你。）班，我爱你。” It is Wednesday today. Its my honor to make a speech here. My topic is “ I Love You,Class5,Grade2.”指时间形式主语It is no good/ no use doing sth.指距离It is convenient for sb to do 我的教室在三楼，到操场很方便，大约三分我的教室在三楼，到操场很方便，大约三分钟的步行路程，所以在业余时间，我们经常去钟的步行路程，所以在业余时间，我们经常去那里锻炼身体。众所周知，一直不停地工作是那里锻炼身体。众所周知，一直不停地工作是没好处的。简言之，我爱我的教室。没好处的。简言之，我爱我的教室。 My classroom is on the third floor. It is convenient for us to go to the playground. It is about a 3-minute walk, so we often go there to take exercise in our spare time. As we all know, it is no good working without a rest. In a word, I like my classroom.形式宾语 而且，我也爱我的同学。我们认为助人为乐是很重要而且，我也爱我的同学。我们认为助人为乐是很重要的。我们都很勤奋，是每天早上的。我们都很勤奋，是每天早上6：20我们在教室读英语我们在教室读英语或语文，直到晚上或语文，直到晚上10点我们才离开教室。因为我们相信：点我们才离开教室。因为我们相信：是努力而不是聪明决定成功。是努力而不是聪明决定成功。 Besides, I also like my classmates. We think it important to help others. We are hard-working. It is at 6:20 every morning that we read English or Chinese. And it is not until 10:00 that we leave the classroom. Because we all believe ： It is our efforts, not our intelligence, that determine our success! 强调句中被强调部分强调句中被强调部分固定结构固定结构 总之，信不信由你，高二（总之，信不信由你，高二（5）班是我校）班是我校最好的班级之一最好的班级之一 ，让我引以为傲。，让我引以为傲。 In short, believe it or not, Class5, Grade2 is one of the best classes in our school，and Im proud of it. 高二（高二（5） Dear teachers and students, It is Wednesday today. Its my honor to make a speech here. My topic is “ I Love You,Class5,Grade2.” My classroom is on the third floor. It is convenient for us to go to the playground. It is about a 3-minute walk, so we often go there to take exercise in our spare time. As we all know, it is no good working without a rest. In a word, I like my classroom. Besides, I also like my classmates. We think it important to help others. We are hard-working. It is at 6:20 every morning that we read English or Chinese. And it is not until 10:00 that we leave the classroom. Because we all believe ：It is our efforts, not our intelligence, that determine our success! In short, believe it or not, Class10, Grade3 is one of the best classes in our school，and Im proud of it. That all. Thank you.