定语从句复习语法.ppt
GrammarAttributive clausesI. 由由that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1. 在定语从句中既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中既可指人也可指物， 做主语或谓语动词的宾语，有时可做主语或谓语动词的宾语，有时可做表语。做表语。 This is the teacher that will give us the talk. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. He is no longer the man that he was five years ago.2. 当先行词是不定代词当先行词是不定代词, 或先行词或先行词被序被序数词、形容词或副词的最高级所修数词、形容词或副词的最高级所修饰饰，以及先行词以及先行词既指人又指物既指人又指物时时。另外先行词另外先行词被被the only, the very, any, the same, no修饰修饰时时, 通常用通常用that。All that we have to do is to practise every day.That is the best film that he has ever seen.They talked about things and persons that they remembered.This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. II.由由which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1.在定语从句中做主语、谓语动词或介在定语从句中做主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语。词的宾语。 The store which was opened last week sells flowers. That is the novel which he wants. The room in which he lives is very big.注：注：that, which在以上的用法中，做在以上的用法中，做宾语皆可省略。宾语皆可省略。2. 引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系 代词代词which, 不用不用that, 且不省略。且不省略。 I have lost my watch, which I like very much. Taiwan is part of China, which is known to all of us. The boy didnt take medicine, which made his father angry. 由由who, whom, whose引导的定语从引导的定语从句句 在这类定语从句中在这类定语从句中, who用作主语用作主语, whom用作宾语用作宾语, whose用作定语。用作定语。 That is the man who comes from America. The student whom you are looking for is in the sports field.Do you know the boy whose father is an engineer?注：注： 1. 以以who 开头的问句中开头的问句中, 常用常用that 代替代替 who, 避免重复。避免重复。 Who was the girl that he danced with in the ball? 2. 由由those, the ones, anyone, 作先行作先行词时词时, 通常用通常用who, 而不用而不用that。 Those who want to see the film, sign your names here. 3. 由由whom引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, who可以可以代替代替 whom, 但在非限定性定语从句中但在非限定性定语从句中则只能用则只能用whom, 另外前面若有介词另外前面若有介词, 则则只能用只能用whom。 The swimmer (who/whom/that) you are asking about is over there. The woman, whom I met in the shop, is one of my old classmates. This is the girl from whom I learned the news. 4. 由由 whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, 既可以既可以指人又可以指物。指人又可以指物。 This is the house whose windows face south. This is the old man whose son is a lawyer.IV.由由when, where, why引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。 when在从句中充当时间状语在从句中充当时间状语, where在在从句中充当地点状语从句中充当地点状语, why在从句中充在从句中充当原因状语。当原因状语。 Do you still remember the day when we joined the league?This is the town where my father was born?Is that the reason why you are always late?注：注： 1) Do you still remember the day that/which we spent together happily? when we visited the museum together? when we worked together? 相同的先行词相同的先行词(the day), 但引导定语从但引导定语从句的关系副词并不相同句的关系副词并不相同, 这取决于定语从这取决于定语从句的谓语动词是及物还是不及物句的谓语动词是及物还是不及物, 和及物和及物动词是否有宾语。动词是否有宾语。2) This is the city that/which we visited last year. where we visited Mr. Brown. where he was born. 相同的先行词相同的先行词(the city)，但引导定语从，但引导定语从句的关系副词并不相同，这取决于定语句的关系副词并不相同，这取决于定语从句的谓语动词是及物还是不及物，以从句的谓语动词是及物还是不及物，以及及物动词是否有宾语。及及物动词是否有宾语。3. This is the reason why he was late this morning. that he gave us. 相同的先行词相同的先行词(the reason)，但引导，但引导定语从句的关系副词并不相同，这取定语从句的关系副词并不相同，这取决于定语从的谓语动词是及物还是不决于定语从的谓语动词是及物还是不及物，以及及物动词是否有宾语。在及物，以及及物动词是否有宾语。在第二句中第二句中give后面跟两个宾语。后面跟两个宾语。V. 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句, 主句和从句用逗主句和从句用逗 号分开号分开, 句子的翻译也有区别。句子的翻译也有区别。 She has a son who is a doctor. (不只一不只一 个儿子个儿子) She has a son, who is a doctor. (就一个儿子就一个儿子)VI. as的引导的定语从句的引导的定语从句1.和和such连用连用 There is no such place as you dream of in this world. 世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。2.和和the same连用连用 I have the same trouble as you have. 我和你有同样的麻烦。我和你有同样的麻烦。3. as 的固定用法。的固定用法。 在此用法中在此用法中, 所引所引导的定语从句可放在主句的句首、导的定语从句可放在主句的句首、 句中、句末。句中、句末。 As we all know, the earth is round. The earth, as we all know, is round. The earth is round, as we all know.一些常用的固定搭配一些常用的固定搭配 As has been said before 如前所述如前所述 As often happens 正如经常发生的那样正如经常发生的那样 As will be shown in Picture 2 将如图将如图2所示所示 As may be imagined 这可以想象的出来这可以想象的出来 Join the pairs of sentences with who,that,which,when,where.1. The girl is in the class. You are looking for her. The girl who you are looking for is in the classroom.2. The panda is called Pan Pan. The man is playing with it. The panda that the man is playing with is called Pan Pan.3. The factory has been closed. I worked in that factory for over two years. The factory in which I worked for over two years has been closed.4. He was born in the year. The Second World War broke out in that year. He was born in the year when the Second World War broke out.5. Kunming is a beautiful city. Flowers are seen there all the year round. Kunming is a beautiful city where flowers are seen all the year round.Translation1. 众所周知众所周知, 地球是圆的。地球是圆的。 As is known to all, the earth is round.2. 我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那 一天。一天。 Ill never forget the day that we spent together.3. 窗户面向南的那所房子属于我的。窗户面向南的那所房子属于我的。 The house whose windows face south belongs to me.4. 我的哥哥我的哥哥18岁，他参军了。岁，他参军了。 My brother, who is 18 years old, joined the army.5. 老人有两个儿子，都是律师。老人有两个儿子，都是律师。 The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers.6. 昨天我们看的那场电影一点也没思。昨天我们看的那场电影一点也没思。 The film that we saw yesterday was not interesting at all.
