2022年湖北省武汉为明实验学校中考英语考前指导人教新目标版 .pdf
学习必备欢迎下载考前指导一、选择填空单项选择内容涉及语法、词法、惯用法、句型、口语交际等诸多方面，题目比较灵活，覆盖面广。单项选择题解题技巧。（1） 题目要看准看全；（2）全面分析题干，冷静思考选项；（3）找准题目的考点，反复比较。可用直接法、排除法、推理法、常识法、反证法解题。但多数题目都源于课本 , 一改过去只考查语法知识的传统。分析起来主要有以下一些特点：1题目重视语境的创设，解答必须首先吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，进行合埋的推断，作深层的理解，并从词法、语法和惯用法、搭配等角度全方位考虑。如：例 1：-Would you like some tea? -Yes, I prefer tea _ sugar. Ato B with Cthan Dfrom2强调在情景对话场合中考查语言知识，许多题目是由对话构成题材，使语言知识的考查更灵活、更生活化。如：例 2：-When shall we meet again? -Make it _ day you like；it s all the same to me. Aone Banother C. some Dany 解析 选 D。这里 make it 是用来约定时间，从下文智it s all the same to me (这对我来说都一样来看，只能选择D any( 任何；任意 ) 。3题目命题时注重干扰和迷惑，通过各种手段考查综合运用语言的能力。如：例 3 The schools in China are different from _. AAmerica schools Bthat of America C. America Dthose in America 解析选 D 。考查 比较级要在同类事物之间进行比较”和“替代”(the schools用those 来代替)。做题时容易受汉语的习惯思维定势的影响误选C，题目的迷惑性很大。4题目的综合性增强，同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点；有些题目设计了两个或两个以上的空格；有些题目虽然只有一个空格，但涉及多个考点。如：例 4：I don t know if it _ tomorrow. If it _, I wont go. Awill rain；rains B will rain；will rain Crams；rains Drains ；will rain 解析 选 A。这里考查了 if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句两种不同的用法。前面一句中的 if引导的是宾语从句，由于主句的时态是现在时态，因此宾语从句根据需要用一般将来时 , 而后一句 if引导的条件是状语从句， 因主句是一般将来时， 从句只能用一般现在时。所以做题时要看清题干，注意常用的语法现象，语言环境和习惯用语，常采用择优法，排除法、比较法、运用逻辑推理法、固定结构判断法。在做题的过程中，务必看清句子的干扰项。1冠词： 字母（单词） 里以元音开头的，如表示一个 （件、 只） 则用“an” an “f(l,m,n,s,x,a,e,i,o,r,h)” an hour an orange an honest boy an eight-year-old boy an eleven-metre-wide river an unusual day 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载字母（单词）中以辅音开头的，如表示一个（件）则用a “u”a second time (再/ 又一次 ) a third chance （又一次机会）a useful book a university a one-eyed cat 2名词 : the Green family=the Greens （注意谓语动词）class the elderly/young/old/rich/poor/police/audience e.g. His family are having supper in the dining room now. The Green family has moved to Paris. two months/years 20 dollars （表示、数学运算、重量、金钱、距离、时间、数目等复数名 10 meters 词或短语做主语看作一整体，注意谓语动词用单数）e.g. Two Months has passed since he came here. the number of a number of （使用谓语动词的区别）几分之几的百分之几的most of （谓语动词取决于它们后面所跟的主体名词或代词）e.g. 1)Three fifths of the money is mine. 2)89% of the students are from cities. 3)About two thirds of the earth is covered with water. 4)A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday. 5)Many a boy enjoys playing football in our playground. 6)More than one person has been to Beijing. 主语为单数，且后面跟有with, together with, along with, besides, except, like等，谓语动词用单数e.g. The manager, along with his secretary, is going to the meeting room. The worker and writer and所连接的指的是同一个人或事物谓语动词用单数The worker and the writer and连接的两个单数名词谓语动词用复数名词所有格： Jims two months (two -month) holiday someone else s who else s Tom and Jacks room each others others Tom s and Jack s rooms Its 15 minutes walk. Spend a two-week holiday Its a 15-minute walk. Spend two weeks holiday Its 15 minutes on foot. i n a few years (days months weeks) time3代词： 注意人称代词的主、宾格、形、名词性物主代词以及不定代词。a) one the other(two three) some othersanother b) some little few a bit 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载any a little a few a little bit a bit of +n. something, nothing anything (可用于肯定句，作“任何东西/ 人”讲 ) somebody, nobody, anybody e.g. 1) Theres nothing serious with you. 2) I have nothing else new to tell you. both neither either all none each ( 注：形容词修饰不定代词位置后置，else 修饰疑问代、副词，不定代词位置后置) c) on both sides of the street/river on either side of on each side of on every side /all sides of the lake/playground/island/classroom on the other side of not only but alsod) neithernor either or （谓语动词用就近的原则）there be bothand（连接主语时谓语动词用复数）4数词：a)数词的读法 1, 000, 000, 000 billion million thousand 一万 ten thousand 一亿 one hundred million 10亿 1 billion b)数词的表达法概数 hundreds of thousands of millions of many thousands of 确数 three million several hundred(s) of two thousand of the workers c) 分数的表达法：分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于1，分母的序数词加s，分数后跟名词，谓语动词依据名词形式而定。 d)two and a half days=two days and a half one or two hours expect tp dp sth. 5 动词expect sb to do sth. a)同义词辨析 take look for hear hope bring find listen wish （肯、否） must see search sb. rise vi. talk have to look search for sb. raise vt. say arrive in/at steal sth. from search+place+for sb./sth. speak reach rob sb. of sth. search the Internet tell get to grab sth. search the information on the Internet used to do be made of /from return sometimes be used to doing be made in lend some times 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载be used to do be made by borrow sometime be used for doing be made up of keep some time be used by be used in ( )1. What did the teacher _you to_ at the meeting ? A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. ask, talk( )2. Do you know who theyre _ about the accident at the school gate? A. talking B. saying C. telling D. speaking 3. What do you call this bird in English? b)动词短语put on 动副结构：put upturn on/off try on keep off put away throw about turn up/down keep away from put off litter about give up look up (in the dictionary) put down ring up give out look down on/upon put out the fire go over pick up give away look over think over wake up take in work out take off take away take out of 动介结构 ：get on (off), look for, work on, fall off, complain about, talk about,think about c) 感官、使役动词 see make hear sb do (doing sth) let sb do sth wacth have 改为被动语态要加“ to ”notice help 注意被动语态 made seen sb. be let to do sb. be heard to do had watched helped noticed seen sb. be heard doing watched noticed e.g. The workers make machines to help farmers. d)情态动词： 注意 may, must, should, ought to, must的否定答语，注意语境，表猜测用情态动词may, must, may be, must becant be精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载 need 作行为动词用 need to do (否定句、疑问句中要用助动词) need doing=need to be done Must I/we ? 否定回答 No, you neednt/don y hsve to. Sb. needn t do 区别 can be able to e)非延续性动词延续性动词borrow-keep buy-have open-be open die-be dead come(go)-be in leave-be away(from) begin-be on join-be in (a member) begin(start) to do-do get up-be up make friends-be friends come back-be back fall asleep-be asleep catch a cold-have a cold get to know-know get(receive) a letter from-have a letter from become interested in-be interested in wake- be awake get married to-be married to 6介词a)注意 in on at with的用法 （注意时间、地点）b)比较 between in over(under) among after above(below) walk past/by through (desert, forest, door, tunnel,window) without past across (bridge, street, road, river) with beyond The plane flew across the rainforest. c) 含有一些介词的短语connectto /with join tocontact on a visit to a key to an entrance to the way to a trip to a witness to come up with catch up with play against(with) by bike=on a bike in red in the tree on the tree in the end at the end of by the end of towards to the reason for the cause of 7反意问句a)注意陈述句中有hardly, never, few, little,seldom, nothing, none, neither, nobody,no 等词 , 反意问句用肯定的形式。b)注意主语后面的 s（ is, has）c)I/We believe，I/We think，I/We suppose后面跟宾语从句，如是否定句，否定前移。反意问句，看宾语从句。d)unusual, unhappy, impossible, dislike, unfair等前缀的反义词，反意问句仍用否定形式。注：前否后肯反意问句的回答 Lets , shall we? 其余用 will you? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载- Didnt he come to school yesterday? -_, though he didnt feel well.- It s nothing serious, _, doctor? - _, you d better stay in hospital and you need an operation at once.8同义词辨析so lonely before long when pleased either such alone long before while pleasant too pleasure also as well 注意区别close high wide hard closely highly widely hardly 9. 特殊疑问词a)对人口、电话号码，到哪一年，用特殊疑问词what(what place visit) 对人的职业用 What be sb. (What is he?) 对人的相貌用 what look like (What does he look like?) 对人的品质用 what look like (What does he look like?) 或 what be like (What is he like?) b)how soon(often, far away, long) 10情景对话看清上下文，注意说话的环境、对象。11非谓语动词a)动名词feel like doing finish doing enjoy doing mind doing practice doing miss doing suggesting doing imagine sb doing sth devote to doing sth look forward to doing pay attention to doing be used to doing cant stop/stop doing be well worth doing be busy doing stop sb from doing keep sb from doing prevent sb from doing (sb sth 带有被动的意味；用 stop /prevent sb being done)keep on doing carry on doing go on doing be used for doing thank sb for doing have fun have no time to do sth problems doing 没时间做某事difficulty 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载trouble a good time need doing=need to be done require doing give up doing=drop doing spend(in) doing succeed in doing prefer doing to doing 注意区别： stop, forget, go on, remember, see(hear, watch),doing sth和 to do sth 分词作定语，伴随状语b)动词的不定式decide to do, fail to do, would like to do, want to do try to do, afford to do, offer to do, used to do, begin(start)to do, need to do sth, plan to do, prefer to do, cant wait to do, make up ones mind to do,allow sb to do, encourage sb to do, expect sb to do sth, remind sb to do sth (remind sb of sth) ask(tell) sb to do, a pen to write with, the ice to skate on, the space to stand in, a place to go to, which cities to travel to if Im able to/ if Im told to I m glad to. I d love to (to不能省 ) 注意下列句子：1. We should do what we can to protect the environment. 2. He spent as much time as he can practising speaking English. 3. Which activity do you enjoy to spend your holiday? 4. What do you want me to pay attention to to learn English well? 5. Which activity has he devoted most of his time to to enjoy himself? 6. What way do you think of to prevent pollution?c) 过去分词a book written by Luxun a little time left a borrowed book see many dinosaurs discovered by you the book borrowed from the library find road covered with snow a film directed by sb have sth done 12形容词、副词a)asasnot so(as)as=less thanb)形容词、副词比较级可以用even, much, a little, far等来修饰 . c) 两者之间比较用比较级，三者三者以上用最高级。Tom is the taller of the two boys. d)比较级的叠用 fatter and fatter more and more beautiful 13掌握以下句型(1)find(think, feel, make)+it +形容词 +to do sth (2) Its time for sthIt s time to do sth It s time for sb to do sth(3) It is +形+ to do sth 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载 It is +形 for sb +to do sth It is +形+of sb to do sth（表示一个人品格属性的用介词of ）(4)It takes sb some time to do sth (5)Its one s turn to do sth (6)Its (has been) +一段时间+since的从句 =一段时间 +has passed +since的从句(7) There is (are)+名词 +介短 There was (were)+名词 +介短 There is (are) going to be +名词 +介短 There have(has) been +名词 +介短 There seem(s) to be There must/may be There used to be (8) 计量的表达结构：主语+be+数 +量+形容词(9) 祈使句 +and(then)+简单句（着重鼓励）祈使句 +or+ 简单句（着重警告）(10)until notuntil unless (11)so (such)that (enoughto/too to)(12) why not do what (how) about doing Shall I (we) do sth (13)the+ 比较级 , the+比较级(14)so +倒装 neither/nor+倒装 so+主语 +谓语(15) Will you please do (not do)?Would you please do (not do)?(16)How do you like(last night)?=What do you think of?What do you like about?(17)Would like to do sth (18) He is the first person to walk in space. (19) 疑问词 +不定式 What to do with=how to deal with What to do=How to do it (20) sth cost sb sb pay for sth sb buy sth for money/at the price ofsb spends on sth (21)find/make/keep+宾语 +宾语补足语（形容词/ 分词 / 动词不定式）(22)prefer sth to sth Prefer doing to doing prefer to do sth rather than do would rather do sth than do sth (23)have sth. done =get sth. done 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载have sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth. have sth. to do (有事要做 ) (24)sound(taste, smell, feel, look)等感观动词 , get/become/turn后面跟形容词做表语 stay happy/healthy/alive, keep fit, go wrong/missing/bad (25) 数词 +more+复数名词 =another+ 数词 +复数名词(26)Its said/ known/ reported +that+从句It seems +that+从句(27)Taking more (enough )exercise is important. (28) 倒装句 so, neither放句首。 If your son doesnt go, neither/nor will hers. They like beef, so they do and so do we. Here comes the bus! Here it is! Among the hills is a big garden. (29)be likely to do It s highly possible(30)one of the +adj.最高级 +n.(pl.) (31)This is the +adj.最高级 +n.+ 定语从句I have ever read/seen/heard(32)the first longest river,the second most useful invention 十四直接引语和间接引语（见书本）He told me that he had met Lily two days before. I asked Kate if she would go there the next week. 二、词型变化看清题目，根据所给单词确定它可能出现的几种词性和词形，从语法的角度，句子的结构来考虑一词的正确用法 , 判断该词在句子中作何种成分，需要何种词性。1注意名词单、复数形式和所有格形式。mouse-mice true-truth confident-confidence enter-entrance tomatoespotatoesheroesmangoes importantimportance different-difference disabled ability endangered decide-decision discuss-discussion describe-description Chinese Japanese sheep deer Englishmen Frenchmen firemen Germans humans walkmans foot-feet tooth-teeth boot-boots loaf-loaves leaf-leaves knife-knives half-halves wise-wisdom free-freedom greatgreatness fitfitness kindness grow-growth warm-warmth strong -strength long-length weigh-weight invite-invitation present-presentation perform performance-performer 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载introduce-introduction instruction stomachs arrive-arrival inventor operator visitor conductor survive-survivor feeling(s) building(s) greeting(s) meaning(s) warning(s) twin sisters apple trees sister cities able-ability（能力）movemovablemovement treat treatment achieve achievement agree-agreement activeactivity die dying death dead medicine-medical natural disaster nature reserve sun-sunny fog foggy rainrainy stormstormy sportsporty pride-proud mix-mixture-mixed 注：表示人的名词来修饰名词用其复数的所有格的形式。men s shoes babies clothes women s skirts Germans the girls 400 metres=the girls 400-meter race ask two days sick leave Jims two-month holiday=Jims two monthsholiday have a sports meeting shoes e.g. His drawing is better than any of his classmates .2. 形容词、副词要注意它们的区别以及原级比较级和最高级的使用。a) asasnot so(as)as less than（用原级）b)形容词、副词的转换 politely widely safely true-truly （去 e 加 ly ）simple possible terrible comfortable gentle（去 e 加 y）c) 短语less developed countries feel (less) lonely the most/least expensive d)例句Kate is a careful girl. She does her lesson carefully every day. John is the cleverer of the two boys. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. In which country is the weather most like Chinas?Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. any city in Jiangsu Kate is taller than any other boy in her class. e)特殊形容词、副词的比较级和最高级ill many bad worse worst much more most badly little-less-least far father farthest further furthest 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 14 页学习必备欢迎下载 a most beautiful city 3 数词则应考虑基数词、序数词，倍数和分数各种形式。 one-first two-second three-third four-fourth fourteenth forty-fortieth nine-ninth nineteenth ninety-ninetieth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentieth hundreds of , many thousands of, several thousand years, two thirds of, most of, on the second half , in the thirtieth minute, in the twenty-first century, in the 2020s（二十一世纪二十年代）, on the fifteenth floor. a) 序数词（第几课、几页、在哪一世纪，在第几层，第几个生日） b) 倍数 twice, three times, once twice as big as c) 分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母序数词加 s。 4 代词要注意主格、宾格、名、形物主代词，反身代词 a)teach sb a subject tell sb a story(代词一定用宾格) tell the truth tell sb. a joke tell sb. a funny story b)say to oneself learnby oneself teachoneself come to oneself help oneself to devote oneself to lose oneself in leaveby oneselfenjoy oneself dress oneself hurt oneself improve oneself a friend of mine my mothers This is a picture of
