完形填空2：命题技巧.ppt

肇庆肇庆高要高要 2012.11.23 2012.11.23命题思路；命题思路；命题规律；命题规律；命题原则；命题原则；设题训练。设题训练。 命题解析：命题解析：2011完形填空完形填空 第一段：第一段：It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The argument is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children.原词关联原词关联首句不设空首句不设空反义关联反义关联语义场关联语义场关联命题解析：命题解析：2011完形填空完形填空 （第二段）（第二段）There can be little doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these children out of the regular classes may create serious problems.special classes（第一段）（第一段）原词关联原词关联原词关联原词关联命题解析：命题解析：2011完形填空完形填空 （第三段）（第三段）I observed a number of intelligent children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a regular class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying heavily on their teachers directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect voluntarily on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.gifted children（第二段）（第二段）因果关系因果关系修饰关联修饰关联近义关联近义关联原词关联原词关联命题解析：命题解析：2011完形填空完形填空 （第四段）（第四段）Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this concern is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these adults simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are talented. Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they feel so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an anxious child. 原词关联原词关联原词关联原词关联上下义关联上下义关联原词关联原词关联近义关联近义关联原词关联原词关联考点总结：考点总结：u显性线索（显性线索（1111个）：个）： 原词关联原词关联: :1.argument-argue5. children-children10/14. feel bored-feel bored11. concerned-concern 近义关联近义关联6.intelligent-gifted 上下义关联上下义关联12.adults-parents and teachers4.special-special7.regular-regular15. anxious-anxious13.talented-giftedu隐性线索（隐性线索（3个）个） 语义场关联语义场关联 2. learning- classes 反义关联反义关联 3. average- gifted 修饰关联修饰关联 8. relying heavily on showed little abilityu逻辑关系（逻辑关系（1个）：因果关系个）：因果关系 9. reflect voluntarily on- having no worry about命题原则：命题原则：2011完形填空完形填空 第一段：第一段：It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The argument is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children.u逻辑链上挖空逻辑链上挖空u首句不设空首句不设空u须间隔一个动词须间隔一个动词1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification2.A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. livingu选项：同一词类、选项：同一词类、同一语法形式同一语法形式命题原则命题原则Para.1 (1个名词、个名词、1个谓语动词、个谓语动词、1个非谓语动词）个非谓语动词） Some passengers wont turn off their mobile phones or iPads during takeoff or landing. It happens on almost every flight now. Its time to turn off personal electronic devices (设备) when the planes door closes. However, theres always at least one person who keeps talking, texting, playing, watching or emailing and ignoring strict orders to power down during flights.Para.1 (1个名词、个名词、1个谓语动词、个谓语动词、1个非谓语动词）个非谓语动词） Some passengers wont turn off their mobile phones or iPads during takeoff or landing. It happens on almost every flight now. Its time to turn off personal electronic devices (设备) when the planes door closes. However, theres always at least one person who keeps talking, texting, playing, watching or emailing and ignoring strict orders to power down during flights.首句不设空首句不设空原词关联原词关联平行关系平行关系解释说明解释说明 “People have become so addicted to these devices, and a lot of people really question whether they need to turn them off,” says an airhostess from Southwest Airlines.Para.2 (1个形容词、个形容词、1个谓语动词）个谓语动词） “People have become so addicted to these devices, and a lot of people really question whether they need to turn them off,” says an airhostess from Southwest Airlines.Para.2 (1个形容词、个形容词、1个谓语动词）个谓语动词）归纳总结归纳总结近义关联近义关联Lots of passengers have doubted about the danger of leaving devices on. Is turning off the devices really necessary in the first place? Lots of passengers have doubted about the danger of leaving devices on. They think one call or message or game isnt going to bring down the plane.Para.3 (1个形容词、个形容词、1个名词、个名词、1个动词）个动词） Is turning off the devices really necessary in the first place? Lots of passengers have doubted about the danger of leaving devices on. They think one call or message or game isnt going to bring down the plane.Para.3 (1个形容词、个形容词、1个名词、个名词、1个动词）个动词）近义关联近义关联and a lot of people really question whether they need to turn them off,”解释说明解释说明结构关联结构关联Indeed, theres no firm scientific evidence that having devices powered on during takeoff and landing would cause a problem, only that there is the potential of a problem. Para.4 (1个形容词、个形容词、1个名词）个名词）Indeed, theres no firm scientific evidence that having devices powered on during takeoff and landing would cause a problem, only that there is the potential of a problem. Para.4 (1个形容词、个形容词、1个名词）个名词）反义关联反义关联原词关联原词关联In the US, pilots are allowed to use certain electronic devices during takeoff and landing, but if passengers various devices are tested, it may lead to wrong warnings and false readings on the aircraft instruments. In some studies researchers found mobile phones could affect global-positioning satellite systems or other aircraft systems. Though the effects are seemingly slight, they could result in disaster.Para.5 (2个形容词、个形容词、1个动词、个动词、1个副词）个副词）In the US, pilots are allowed to use certain electronic devices during takeoff and landing, but if passengers various devices are tested, it may lead to wrong warnings and false readings on the aircraft instruments. In some studies researchers found mobile phones could affect global-positioning satellite systems or other aircraft systems. Though the effects are seemingly slight, they could result in disaster.Para.5 (2个形容词、个形容词、1个动词、个动词、1个副词）个副词）反义关联反义关联近义关联近义关联同义关联同义关联修饰关联修饰关联 If even the remotest possibility of disaster exists, its better to turn them off during takeoff and landing.Para.6 （1个形容词）个形容词） If even the remotest possibility of disaster exists, its better to turn them off during takeoff and landing.Para.6 （1个形容词）个形容词）对应上一段：对应上一段：slight近义关联近义关联remote: If you say that there is a remote possibility or chance that something will happen, you are emphasizing that there is only a very small chance that it will happen. 总结：完形填空解题技巧总结：完形填空解题技巧 原词原词 同义或近义词同义或近义词 上下义词上下义词 语义场语义场 修饰修饰 因果因果 结构结构 反义反义 逻辑逻辑完成朗声高考英语能力解读与专项训练完成朗声高考英语能力解读与专项训练（2013）“语言知识及应用综合训练语言知识及应用综合训练1”中的中的 完形填空。完形填空。2012年年11月月23日日 肇庆肇庆高要二中高要二中朗声朗声2013高考英语专项训练课堂教学展示研讨会高考英语专项训练课堂教学展示研讨会朗声教育教学测评研究中心朗声教育教学测评研究中心 研发研发