2022年全新版大学英语综合教程4课后答案全 .pdf

Unit 1 lexf Organization: . . . -Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras 1-2 Introduction Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter. Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleons military campaign against Russia Part Three Paras 12-20 Hitlers military campaign against the Soviet Union Part Four Para 21 Conclusion The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. 2. Sections Paragraphs Main Ideas Section One Paras 12-13 Hitlers blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalins scorched earth policy Section Two Paras 14-18 the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the war VocabularyI. 1. 1) alliance 3) stroke 5) minus 7) declarations 2) at the cost of 4) limp 6) regions 8) siege 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 28 页9) raw 10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of 2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out 7) have cut back 8) get through 3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike. 3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career. 4) Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date / obsolete. 4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases. 2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failureto reckon with this problem will weakenits strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization. 3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisivevictory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launchinga series of counterattacks. II. More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off. 3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 28 页- 90 - Appendix I III. Usage 1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health. 2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeksand nobody knew anything about it. 3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work 1) Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warm you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.4) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early. 5) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Structure1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by 30 percent. 2) To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed. 3) To our disappointment, our womens team lost out to the North Koreans. 4) We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas. 2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile.2) By 1948, the Peoples Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze River.3) Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United States at the age of four. 4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States forabout 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (A) 1. invasion 3. Conquest 5. launching 7. campaign 9. reckon with 2. stand in the way 4. catching. off his guard 6. declaration 8. drag on 10. bringing.to a 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 28 页Appendix I - 91 - (B) 1. allow 2. reckoned 3. highly 4. forecasts 5. rapidly 6. instant 7. delivery 8. advantage 9. observing 10. Powerful II. Translation1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm. 2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons. 3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate . 4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment. 5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs. The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered. Part III TextB Comprehension Check1. d 3. b .-2. d 4. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 28 页- 92 - Appendix ITranslation(#JE Appendix III) Language Practice1. boast 2. obstacles 3. was concerned 4. call .off 5. paid off 6. was pinned down 7. are contesting 8. prior to 9. holdout 10. objective 11. responsible for 12. in case 13. favorable 14. due to 15. on the eve of 16. cancel 17. complications 18. stiff 19. withstand 20. absent Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksWriting StrategyTick which of the following is more convincing: _ I t was reported that General Eisenhower, though indecisive sometimes, had no hesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy. _ _ Eisenhowers chief of staff, Brigadier General Water Bedell Smith, later wrote: . He sat there . tense, weighing every consideration. Finally he looked up, and the tension was gone from his face. He said briskly, well, well go. Model PaperCan Man Triumph over Nature?When people talk of man triumphing over nature, many things come to mind. One thinks of successes in medicine in the fight against disease, such as the invention of antibiotics and the promise held out by advances in biogenetic engineering. On a broader scale, one thinks of mans success in harnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear power. Yet, nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it. New forms of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 28 页Appendix I - 98 - disease that are resistant to antibiotics are constantly developing. Burning fossil fuels has led to fears of global warming; while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain a hazard for generations to come. However, perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the wrong way to look at the matter. We need to find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it. (154 words)Unit 2 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 28 页Text org. Ex. 2 On P38 1. Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act; 2. They can eliminate most of car accidents 3. They can alert the police and provide precise location of your car if stolen 4. They can monitor ones driving and the driving conditions nearby; 5. They can alert the driver who feels drowsy; 6. They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams. Language Sense Enhancement on P 38-39 1) cure 2) impact 3) orbiting 4) warn of 5) location 6) At any given time 7)vibrate 8) detected 9) calculate 10) converted I. Vocabulary: Ex.1 on P41-42 1.expansion 2. automated 3. vapor 4. take control of 5. hazards 6. satellite 7.vibrated 8.magnetic 9. bunched 10. in the air 11. got stuck in 12.approximately Vocabulary: Ex.2 on P42 1. send out 2. stand up for 3. pass for 4. were closing in on 5. starting up 6. went through 7. fill out 8. fall into Vocabulary: Ex.3 on P431) incorporates all the latest safety features. 2) two trees ten feet apart. 3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm. 4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 28 页cars. 5) are correlated in all racial groups. Vocabulary: Ex.4 on P431) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to 2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency 3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard II. Word Formation on P45 Kilogram Medical care Memorandum Electronic mail Gymnasium Communications satellite Liberation News broadcast Doctor Sky hijack Veterinarian European dollar Preparatory Breakfast and lunch Automobile Television broadcast influenza Oxford and Cambridge - 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 28 页III. Usage on P45-46 1) swimming pool 2 ) drawing board 3 ) enriched Middle English 4 ) disturbing change 5 ) fully developed prototype 6 ) Canned foods 7 ) working population 8 ) puzzling differences Comprehensive Exs.: I. cloze 1. text-related on P46 1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5) hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor 2. theme-related on P47 1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities 6) overall 7)manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities II. Translation Ex. 1 on P47-48 1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance. 2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems. 3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures. 4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 28 页recently. 5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach. Translation : Ex. 2 on P48 Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the airand refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams. UNIT3Language Sense Enhancement on P721) checked with 2) interview 3) grill 4) clippings5) be right for 6) follow up 7) indicating8）hand-delivered 9) prepared 10) prospectiveLanguage focus Voc. Ex. 1 on P75 1) rude 2) physically 3) structure4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling7) Measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations10) Sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner Voc. Ex. 2&3 on P76 Ex. 2.1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up7) be hooked up to 8) closed upEx. 3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could oneday dance in the Kings palace3) will be in readers hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 28 页5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.Voc . Ex. 4 on P771）applicants, veteran, the prospective2）From his standpoint, has made every endeavor to goafter3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings on P 781. Behave 2. used to avoid repetition 3. clean4. get along 5. perform/complete 6. perform/complete7. Study 8. be enough 9. be acceptableiii. Usage on P79-801. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where tobegin.OK,I ll talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmascard. Bythe way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understoodby anyone who can read the daily newspaper.Now , why isthis an advantage?4. I m going to work out the outline and will let you know howit goes.By the way , I will see you in February, as I plan toattend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profitswith as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back from Australia.Incidentally, those picturesyou sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive Exercises Cloze1. text-related on P80(1) Prospective (2)As I see it(3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) Endeavor (6) structure (7) Partners (8) Respond (9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference (12) follow up2. theme-related on P81(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice(7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exhibitTranslation on P81-821) Despite theinadequate length of the airstrip in thisemergency landing, the veteran pilotmanaged to stop theplane after taxiing foronly a short while.2)Grilled bythe reporters, the movie star eventuallyblurted(out) thatshe had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and ourpartner has the capital.Working together, we ll have the futurein our hands.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 28 页4) If I had knownbeforehand thatyou would bring so manyfriends home, I would have made better preparations. Yousee, I havebarely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gavegenerously uponlearning that new schoolrooms with stronger structures wereto be built in theearthquake-stricken area.Translation 2. on P82 Well begun, half done,as the saying goes. It isextremely important for a job applicant todo hishomeworkwhile seeking employment. From mystandpoint , whether or not one has done his homeworkclearly makes a differencein his chance of success. I have a friend who is earning somewhere in theneighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in