2022年八年级英语上册词汇短语句型复习教案牛津版 .pdf

复习词汇短语知识点总结复习8A unit1-8重点单词、词组及句型教学目标知识： 掌握 1-8 单元的重要单词，词组，句型方法： 要牢记本单课重要知识点，尤其是考点，并能灵活运用能力： 结合历年期末考试卷，熟练运用教学重点单词、词句及句型的记忆和运用教学难点常用的固定搭配精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 30 页教学过程一、课堂导入通过例题导入本科内容：Nancy spent half an hour _ the piano every day. A. to practice playing B. practising playing C. practising to play D. to practise to play 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 30 页二、复习预习教师引导学生复习回顾1-8 单元的重点词汇短语及句型，在此基础上进行拓展总结，引入本次课内容。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 30 页三、知识讲解Unit 1知识点1.something to drink/eat 一些喝的 / 吃的东西2. 数字 +more = another +数字 eg. three more = another three 3.maybe adv. （副词），意思是“也许、可能”，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps ，常位于句首在 may be 中， may是情态动词， be 是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为“也许是、可能是”。maybe和 may be 可相互转换。He may be in the office.= Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。You may be right.= Maybe you are right. 你或许是对的。4.an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩5.keep a secret = keep secrets 保守秘密 keep a diary = keep diaries 记日记6.share my joy 分享我的快乐7.have problems （复数） (in) doing sth. = have trouble（不可数） (in) doing sth. = have difficulty （不可数） (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难8.believe what he says = believe his words 相信他所说的话9.tell lies 说谎 tell stories 讲故事 tell jokes 讲笑话 lie v. 动词，躺 lie -lay-lain n. 名词，谎话 tell lies 说谎10. interested adj.感到有趣的，一般修饰人 interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的，一般修饰物interesting属外向性质的词，用于指人、事、物的外在影响方面，意为“使（外）人感兴趣的”；interested属内向性质的词，用于指人的内心感受方面，意为“（内心）对, 感兴趣的”试比较：a）That interesting old man came to our school every day.那个有趣的老人天天到我们学校来。（外在影响）b）An interested foreigner came and visited our school.一位感兴趣的外国人来参观我们学校。（内心感受）a）This book is interesting to me.这本书在我看来很有趣。（外在影响）b）I minterested in this book. 我对这本书很感兴趣。（内心感受）课本例句： 1)I think good friends should be interesting too. (page7)（外在影响） 2) Max is so interesting. (page8)（外在影响）11.one of +形容词最高级 +名字复数 eg. one of my best friends one of the tallest boys 12. has 动词，“长着，”在句中作谓语动词；with 介词，“长着，戴着”，在句中作定语 wear 动词，“穿着，戴着”，在句中作谓语动词；in 介词，“穿着”，在句中作定语 1) My sister has short hair. 动词，长着，做谓语动词 2 ） The girl with short hair is my sister.介词，长着，做定语，修饰the girl,不可用 has, 因为句中已经有谓语动词is 3)My sister wears small round glasses. 4)The girl with small round glasses is my sister. 课本例句： Shes a small girl with a ponytail.（page14) （作定语）13.help sb. (to) do sth, 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 14.be willing to do sth.= be ready to do sth. 乐意做某事；愿意做做事15.give one s seat on the bus to someone in need 在公交车上给需要的某人让座16.have a good voice 嗓音甜美 voice 嗓音 sound 声音 noise 噪音17.want to be 想成为 grow up 长大精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 30 页18.have a (good) sense of humour = be (very) humorous (很）有幽默感 a sense of . .感19.bored adj. (人）感到无聊的 boring adj.(人、物）令人感到无聊的feel bored 感到无聊的 a boring football match 一场令人感到无聊的足球赛20.walk past 走着经过 past 介词动词+past pass 动词21.knock . onto the floor 把.撞到地板上22.say a bad word about sb.说某人的坏话精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 30 页“众说纷纭”say + 说话内容eg.say a bad word about sb； say to oneself 自言自语；speak + 语言 ; 打电话；作演讲talk with/to sb.; talk about sth. tell sb sth.; tell sb. (not) to do sth.;tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事 / 讲笑话 / 说谎23.true adj.正确的，真实的 truly adv.（副词） truth n. 真相，真理，事实24.sb.worry about sth./sb. =sb. be worried about sth./sb. 某人担心某事 / 某人 sth. worry(worries三单 /worried过去式 ) sb.某事让某人担忧eg. Something worries me.(something 不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单）25.look smart in his small round glasses 戴着圆圆的小眼镜让他看起来很神气 sb. look +adj.+in sth. = sth. look +adj.+on sb. 26.be famous to 对于 .很出名 be famous as 作为 .出名 be famous for 因为 .很出名27.make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友28.listen to sb. carefully 认真地听某人讲话 careful adj. 认真的，仔细的 adv.carefully adj. careless 粗心的 adv.carelessly 29.travel around the world 环游世界30.be kind to sb. 对某人很好 be friendly to sb.对某人友好的31.an artist 一名艺术家32.learn more about 了解更多关于. learn 过去式： learned/ learnt 33.take part in +比赛 /活动 = join in +比赛 / 活动“参加 .” join +组织 /sb. “加入”join sb. in doing sth. 加入某人做某事34.be both/ be all （ both/all放 be 动词后）35.smile v.& n. 微笑 adj. smiling 微笑的 smiling eyes wear/have a smile on ones face 面带微笑36.patient n. 病人 adj.有耐心的 impatient 没有耐心的，急躁的 an impatient teacher 37.make an excellent teacher 成为一名优秀的教师38. 形容词中比较级和最高级需要双写最后一个字母，再加er/est 大（ big) 热（ hot ）天 , 一个穿红（ red）衣浑身湿（ wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（ fat ）子想要变得又瘦（thin ）又苗条（slim ）39.what be sb。like ?问某人的长相或品格what do(does) sb. look like?仅询问某人的长相what do(does) sb. like?问某人喜欢什么40.luck n. 运气 Good luck to you. 祝你好运。 lucky adj. 幸运的 -luckily adv. unlucky adj.不幸的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 30 页Unit 2知识点1.why d ont sb. do sth.?= why not do sth.?2.what s school like?It s like watching TV. be like doing sth. (like 介词，介词 +doing) 3.an advertisement 一则广告 few/many advertisements 4.I d love/like to,but . I m sorry,but.5.in Year 8 (Year Eight) 名词 +基数词（首字母都要大写）= in Grade Eight= in the eighth grade 一般情况下：名词+基数词（首字母都要大写）= the +序数词 +名词（首字母小写）eg. Lesson One = the first lesson 6.a mixed school 一所男女生混合的学校7.have lessons 上课8.Learning foreign languages is fun. 动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数 fun n. 乐趣；娱乐活动；嬉戏，嬉闹；有趣的事 adj.使人愉快的；开心的 funny adj.滑稽的，可笑的 what (great/good) fun! have fun it is fun. ( 都不要冠词）9.borrow “借入” lend “借出” borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人19.seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 seem (to be) +adj. eg. He seems（to be)unhappy today.他今天似乎不高兴。11.offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物12.an article 一篇文章 what else = what other things 13.any other +名词单数 = the other +名词复数 any other boy = the other boys 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 30 页Unit 2知识点1.why don t sb. do sth.?= why not do sth.?2.what s school like?It s like watching TV. be like doing sth. (like 介词，介词 +doing) 3.an advertisement 一则广告 few/many advertisements 4.I d love/like to,but .I m sorry,but.5.in Year 8 (Year Eight) 名词 +基数词（首字母都要大写）= in Grade Eight= in the eighth grade 一般情况下：名词+基数词（首字母都要大写）= the +序数词 +名词（首字母小写）eg. Lesson One = the first lesson 6.a mixed school 一所男女生混合的学校7.have lessons 上课8.Learning foreign languages is fun. 动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数 fun n. 乐趣；娱乐活动；嬉戏，嬉闹；有趣的事 adj.使人愉快的；开心的 funny adj.滑稽的，可笑的 what (great/good) fun! have fun it is fun. ( 都不要冠词）9.borrow “借入” lend “借出” borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人19.seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 seem (to be) +adj. eg. He seems（to be)unhappy today.他今天似乎不高兴。11.offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物12.an article 一篇文章 what else = what other things 13.any other +名词单数 = the other +名词复数 any other boy = the other boys 14.spend . on sth. / (in) doing sth. 花费 .做某事15.wear uniforms 穿着校服 wear ties 打着领带16.do morning exercises 做早操exercise “锻炼”不可数，其余都可数17.have (some time )off 休息（一段时间）18.have time for something “有时间做某事”19.go on a school trip 进行一次学校旅行20.half an hour 半小时 three hours and a half= three and a half hours 三个半小时21.have an English test 进行一次英语测试 read newspapers and magazines 读报刊杂志22.at weekends= at a weekend=on weekends= on a weekend 在周末精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 30 页Unit 3知识点1. be going to +动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。be 随句子主语的人称和数量变化而变化。e.g. We re going to buy a new TV tomorrow. He is giong to play football with his friends this Sunday. 2. exercise 意为“锻炼、训练、练习”（ 1）做动词： You dont exercise enough. (2) 做名词：作“练习”和“早操”讲，是可数名词 e.g. If you want to improve your English,you must do more exercises. They do morning exercises every morning. 3. need 意为“需要”，可作实义动词和情态动词（1）实义动词： need + 名词 / 动词不定式 e.g. I need much more money. Youre too fat, you need to exercise.need + v.ing形式时表示被动意义 e.g. The flowers need watering. Your clothes need washing. (2) need 做情态动词时，不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语；在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词 , 则在助动词之前；疑问句中, 则在主语之前。多用在否定句或疑问句中；无人称和数的变化；否定式构成是在后面加not 。 e.g. You need not attend the meeting tomorrow. You didnt need to tell him the news; it just made him sad. neednt + have + 过去分词表示“过去做了没必要做的事情。”You neednt have taken it seriously. 这件事情你不必太认真。4. come on 的用法（1）用来请求、激励、劝说时，意为“来吧”，如：Come on, Lucy. Don t be so shy. Come on, you can do it . (2) 用来催促别人快走/ 做时，意为“快点”，如：Come on, it s getting dark.Come on, Mr Wang is waiting. (3) 用来表示责备和不耐烦，意为“得了吧，行了，够了”，如：Come on, dont sit there dreaming.(4) 用于体育竞赛等场合激励队友时，意为“加油”，如： Come on, Come on,！（5）用于挑战或激怒对方时，意为“来吧，试试吧，好吧”，如： Come on, I m not afraid of you.5. enjoy onesflf 意为“玩的开心”，相当于have a good/great/wonderful time 或者 have fun. onesflf是反身代词，它包括ourselves我们自己； yourself你自己； yourselves你们自己； themselves他/ 它 /她们自己；它自己； himself他自己； herself她自己； myself我自己 e.g. They enjoyed themselves during the holiday. 拓展： enjoy sth./doing sth.,相当于 like e.g. My little sister enjoys reading picture books. 6. take a boat trip 意为“乘船旅行”。常用词组take a bus/taxi/plane to someplace tour指的是在各处作短暂停留的长距离旅行。trip(休闲或公事等的) 短途旅行travel到远方去或长期旅行journey较正式的用语；通常指有预定地点的长途旅行。7. take care 意为“保重”或者“小心”精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 30 页 e.g. Take care not to hurt yourself. 拓展： take care of = look after 8. invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事” e.g. I invited him to join our club. Invite sb. to sp. 意为“邀请某人去某地” e.g. Amy invited me to her birthday party. 9. join 意为“加入、参加”，表示加入某个组织、党派或社会团体从而成为其成员。 e.g. join the pioneer 加入少先队 join the army 参军 join in 也是“加入、参加”，多指参加比赛或活动e.g. Why didnt you join in the talk last night?10. beginning 意为“开始、开端、起点”。 from beginning to end 自始至终at the beginning = at first “起初，开始”，反义词组为at the end at the beginning of在的初期 e.g. at the beginning of April 四月初11. arrive at 意为“到达”，arrive at +小地点（如村、镇、车站等） arrive in 也是“到达”，arrive in +大地点（如国家、大城市等）拓展： arrive,get和 reach 都有“到达”的意思，arrive和 get 都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可直接加宾语，但可接here, there, home之类表地点的副词作状语。e.g. We got/ arrived here last night. 要表示“到达某地”，arrive要借助介词in 或者 at ；而 get 其后需接介词to ， e.g. When we got to the park, it began to rain. reach 是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词作宾语，reach Nanjing 到南京。 Reach之后也可接here,there,home等词。12. be made of 意为“由制成”，强调从成品中可以看得出原材料。e.g. The desk is made of wood. 桌子由木头制成。 be made from 也是“由制成”的意思, 强调从成品中看不出原材料。 e.g. Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。拓展： be made in “由制造”，强调产地 e.g. This kind of machine is made in China. be made by “被（人）制造”，说明制造者是谁 e.g. This ship is made by the workers. 13. “It s +adj. +动词不定式”句型，意为“做某事是” e.g. Its boring to stay at home. 呆在家很无聊。此句中代词it只作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。所以此句可改成： To stay at home is boring. 14. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多少时间去做某事”，这里的it作形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth. e.g. It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day. 15. 反身代词。当主语和谓语是同一个人时，我们使用反身代词。（1）反身代词做同位语，用于强调 e.g. The manager himself served the customers. （主语同位语）The manager served the customers himself. （主语同位语） I told them I wanted to see the manager himself. (2) 反身代词作介词宾语 e.g. She finnshed the job by herself. (3) 反身代词作动词宾语，有些动词与反身代词成固定搭配，翻译时“自己”多不译出。 enjoy oneself 玩的开心 help oneself 自便、自取 behave oneself 有礼貌、规矩16. take place 意为“举行、发生”。多指举行活动 e.g The school sports meeting will take place tomorrow. happen 多指无计划，偶然发生的事。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 30 页happen to sb./sth.“遭遇”指不好的事发生在某人、某物上 e.g. What happened to you? A car accident happened to him yesterday. 拓展： take one s place或 take the place of sb./sth. 意为“代替某人/ 某物”17. forget to do sth. 意为“忘记做某事”（未做） e.g. My mother often forgets to turn off the light. Don t forget to bring your homework here tomorrow. 拓展： forget doing sth. 意为“忘了做过某事”（已做）e.g. Ill never forget seeing her dance for the first time. He forgot turning the light off. 18. as soon as possible 意为“尽早的”，相当于as soon as you can e.g. Come back as soon as possible/ you can. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 30 页Unit 4知识点1、 clear instructions清晰的说明clear: a. 形容词，“清晰的，明亮的”，副词形式为clearly; b. 动词，“扫除，出去”，词组为clear up, clear way, “清理，打扫”2、had better do sth. 最好做某事 Had 不能改为have 或 has, 对上级或长辈不宜用此结构3、 No problem. 没问题A. 用于回答感谢B. 用于回答道歉C. 表示同意或愉快地回答请求D. 表示有能力做某事，意为“没问题，不在话下”4、 stand for 代表，象征stand 的词组： stand up站立，经得起，抵抗 stand in 代替，顶替 stand out突出，出色 stand by支持，袖手旁观，做好准备 stand back 往后退，置身事外5、 decorate 动词，修饰，装饰。名词形式decoration. 常见词组decorate with 用装饰6、 instead与 instead of a. instead 意为代替，替代，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首，常用逗号与后面隔开。Eg: Lily isnt here. Ask Lucy instead.b. Instead of是介宾短语，后面一般跟名词、代词、介词、短语、动词-ing 形式。Eg: I ll go instead of her.7、be crazy about 热衷于，迷恋上 be crazy for渴望，迷恋上 drive someone crazy 使某人发狂8、put in与 put into a. put in 意为“安装，添上，插话” eg: Can I put in a word? 我能插话吗b. put into “将注入” eg: He put as much feeling into his voice as he could.9、keep doing与 keep on doing: 两者均可表示“继续做某事，反复做某事”，但是keep on 更强调时间的间隔性和动作的反复性，及某人做某事的决心。Eg: He kept on working until midnight though he was tired. 10、 advise的用法Advise doing sth. 建议做某事Advise sb to do sth. 建议某人做某事Advise sb against doing sth. 劝告某人不要做某事Advise sb of sth 通知或告知某人有某种情况11、mix with把东西混合起来；mix up 弄混，误认为。是12、add 的用法Addto. 把。加到。中去Add 补充说道Add to 增加，增添Addup 把。加起来13、 It s time的用法It s time to do sth.该做某事了。It s time for sth. 该做某事了14、stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Stop to do sth. 停下来做某事15、fix, mend与 repair的用法A、fix侧重于修理，有时也可用作安装Eg: The workers are fixing the machine. B、mend着重修补小到日常用具，大到较复杂的物体Eg: Can you mend a broken dish? C、repair常指修缮损失重大或构造较复杂的失误，也可指修鞋Eg: I am going to have my bike repaired tomorrow. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 30 页16、have fun 同义词组 have a good/great/wonderful time = enjoy oneself 玩得开心，后跟动词的ing 形式。Eg: We had fun listening to Dream Show. Did you have fun playing with your friends? Unit 5知识点1.would like to do sth. 想要做某事 would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事2.could sb. please do sth.? could sb. please not do sth.? 3.have /take pity on sb. 同情某人 its a pity!真遗憾！4.die 死亡过去式： died 现在分词： dying ( 也可作形容词：垂死的）形容词：dead 名词： death eg. His father died ten years ago. His fathers death makes him feel sad. His father was dead. The doctor saved a dying boy. 5.danger 危险 adj. dangerous 危险的 be in danger 处境危险 be out of danger 脱离危险6.live in the wild 生存在野外7.in fact 事实上8. 重 100 多克 weigh over 100 grams 9. 一开始 in the beginning at the beginning常与 of 连用，表示“在之初”。in the beginning 一般不与of 连用。at the beginning 也可单独使用，表示“起初，开始”，这时可与in the beginning替换。 at first和 at the start 也有同样的意思。10.go outside for the first time 第一次出去11. 八个月后 eight months later 12. 以.为生 live on sth. live mainly on sth. 主要以 .为生13. 学会照顾她自己 learn to look after herself 14. 面临严重的问题 face serious problems = be faced with serious problems 15. 竹林 bamboo forests 16. 立即采取措施 take action right away 17. 结果是 as a result 18. 制定法律 make laws lawyer n. 律师19. 释义指代人 /物与疑问词连用其它用法nothing 没什么；没什么东西指物用于回答 what 引导的问句。-What s in the bag?-Nothing. 1、不与 of 连用；2、作主语时谓语动词用单数。nobody /no one 没有人；无人指人用于回答 who 引导的问句。-Who s in the classroom? -No one. /Nobody. 1、不与 of 连用；2、作主语时谓语动词用单数。none 一个也没有；毫无指人；指物。用于回答 How many/How much引导的问句。-How many students are there in the classroom? -None. 1、可与 of 连用；2、作主语时谓语动词用单复数均可；3、用于指代前文中出现过的名词；4、表示“三者或三者以上”的全部否定。表示“两者”全部否定用neither。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 30 页20.as a result 和 as a result of 的区别as a result 单独使用，后面一般用逗号隔开，并且不能连结2 个句子。He worked hard at his study.As a result, he passed the exam easily. as a result of + 名词或者代词 . As a result of his hard work, he passed the exam easily. 21.it is difficult for sb. do sth. 22.however 与 but 区别： however 与 but 两者都做“但是，然而”讲，而且都引出并列句。从语义上看，but 所表示的是非常明显的对比，转折的意味较however 要强。从语序上看，but 总是位于所引出的分句之首，而however 却可位于句首、句中和句末，同时从标点符号上看，but 之后一般不得使用逗号，而however 则必须用逗号与句子其它部分分开。23.sadly,luckily等副词，修饰一个句子时，常位于句首，用逗号隔开。24.The horse is standing with its eyes closed. with +宾语 +open/closed (形容词做宾语补足语) 25.work out 算出，解决 work out easy mat